Nonverbal Intelligence in Unilateral Perinatal Stroke with and without Epilepsies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gschaidmeier ◽  
Magdalena Heimgärtner ◽  
Lukas Schnaufer ◽  
Pablo Hernáiz Driever ◽  
Marko Wilke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nonverbal Intelligence ◽  
Perinatal Stroke

Intelligence and Personality

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-132
Author(s):  
Marc-André Bédard ◽  
Yann Le Corff
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Original Study ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Verbal Intelligence ◽  
Nonverbal Intelligence ◽  
French Canadian

Abstract. This replication and extension of DeYoung, Quilty, Peterson, and Gray’s (2014) study aimed to assess the unique variance of each of the 10 aspects of the Big Five personality traits ( DeYoung, Quilty, & Peterson, 2007 ) associated with intelligence and its dimensions. Personality aspects and intelligence were assessed in a sample of French-Canadian adults from real-life assessment settings ( n = 213). Results showed that the Intellect aspect was independently associated with g, verbal, and nonverbal intelligence while its counterpart Openness was independently related to verbal intelligence only, thus replicating the results of the original study. Independent associations were also found between Withdrawal, Industriousness and Assertiveness aspects and verbal intelligence, as well as between Withdrawal and Politeness aspects and nonverbal intelligence. Possible explanations for these associations are discussed.

Perinatal Stroke

2012 ◽  
Vol 224 (07) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Mu
Keyword(s):  
Perinatal Stroke

Neuroplasticity

2019 ◽  
pp. 230-260
Author(s):  
Judy S. Reilly ◽  
Lara R. Polse
Keyword(s):  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Developing Brain ◽  
Perinatal Stroke ◽  
Alternative Pathways ◽  
Affective Expression ◽  
Unilateral Brain ◽  
Irreparable Damage

With respect to language, it has long been observed that children who experience early unilateral brain injury do not show the same irreparable damage as do adults with homologous late-onset strokes. Neural plasticity has been proposed as the explanation for such differential linguistic profiles; that is, the plasticity of the young, developing brain allows the possibility for extensive adaptation and organization following a neural insult. Recent research, however, suggests that there are limits to this ability to adapt and organize. Results from a another communicative system, affect, suggest that children with unilateral pre- or perinatal stroke show similar (albeit subtler) effects to adults with homologous late-onset injuries. This chapter presents findings on language development in children who sustained a pre- or perinatal unilateral stroke, and complements these studies with a discussion of affective expression in these same children. These prospective studies of children with perinatal stroke provide a unique window into the development of the neural substrates for language and affect. Specifically, they afford a context to investigate the degree to which particular brain regions may be privileged for specific behavioral functions, as well as how the developing brain adapts to organize alternative pathways in the wake of an early insult.

Protecting Against Delinquency in Early Adolescence With Nonverbal Intelligence and Neighborhood Social Capital

2021 ◽  
pp. 027243162110203
Author(s):  
Glenn D. Walters
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Nonverbal Intelligence ◽  
Neighborhood Social Capital ◽  
At Risk Children ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Childhood Conduct Problems ◽  
Matrix Reasoning

The goal of this study was to test nonverbal intelligence and neighborhood social capital as protective factors against future delinquency in early adolescent youth placed at risk by virtue of their involvement in childhood conduct problems. Analyzing longitudinal data from 3,028 youth (1,565 boys, 1,463 girls) in one cohort of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC) and 3,682 youth (1,896 boys, 1,786 girls) in a second cohort of the LSAC, nonverbal intelligence, as measured by the Matrix Reasoning subscale of the WISC-IV, displayed a consistent moderating effect on the conduct problems–future delinquency relationship. According to these results, conduct problems were slightly but significantly less likely to lead to delinquency when nonverbal intelligence was high than when it was low or moderate. By shielding at-risk children from future delinquency, protective factors like high nonverbal intelligence may provide a means by which delinquency can be prevented or reduced.

scholarly journals Test–retest reliability and convergent validity of the test of nonverbal intelligence-fourth edition in patients with schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuan-Wei Chen ◽  
Ya-Chen Lee ◽  
Tzu-Ying Yu ◽  
Li-Jung Cheng ◽  
Chien-Yu Chao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Practice Effect ◽  
Minimal Detectable Change ◽  
Nonverbal Intelligence ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Random Measurement Error ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background Fluid intelligence deficits affect executive functioning and social behaviors in patients with schizophrenia. To help clinicians manage fluid intelligence deficits, a psychometrically sound measure is needed. The purposes of this study were to examine the test–retest reliability and convergent validity of the Test of Nonverbal Intelligence-Fourth Edition (TONI-4) assessing fluid intelligence in patients with schizophrenia. Methods A total of 103 patients with stable condition were assessed with the TONI-4 twice with a 4-week interval to examine the test–retest reliability. We further used the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Tablet-Based Symbol Digit Modalities Test (T-SDMT) to examine the convergent validity of the TONI-4. Results The intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.73 for the TONI-4. The percentages of standard error of measurement and minimal detectable change for the TONI-4 were 5.1 and 14.2%, respectively. The practice effect of the TONI-4 was small (Cohen’s d = − 0.03). Convergent validity showed small to moderate significant correlations between the TONI-4 and the MoCA as well as the T-SDMT (r = 0.35, p = .011 with the T-SDMT and r = 0.61, p < .001 with the MoCA). The results demonstrated that the TONI-4 had good test–retest reliability, limited random measurement error, and a trivial practice effect. The convergent validity of the TONI-4 was good. Conclusions These findings indicate that the TONI-4 has potential to be a reliable and valid assessment of fluid intelligence in patients with schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Thalamic diaschisis following perinatal stroke is associated with clinical disability

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 101660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon T. Craig ◽  
Helen L. Carlson ◽  
Adam Kirton
Keyword(s):  
Perinatal Stroke
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