Ethical Dilemmas for Large Corporations in Under-developed Countries

In the times of economic instability in most developed countries, a decrease is experienced in the effectiveness of many large public corporations. Such corporations are facing high expenditures (transaction costs mostly) and extremely low return on invested capital. Medium-sized businesses, on the contrary, prove to be more efficient: they show an acceptable level of profitability and total cost savings. The purpose of the present study is to calculate and analyse transaction costs of medium and large corporations and identify an impact of these costs on the performance of companies. Within the the framework of a neoinstitutional approach a complex of institutional factors influencing a company’s development is being explored. The efficiency of institutional forms is determined through studying such factors as transaction costs. In line with this theory, the transaction cost level of corporations is estimated, which enables one to make their comparative analysis in economic sectors. The analysis has revealed that the relative level of transaction costs with large corporations is two times higher than that in the event of middle ones. A comparative analysis of return on sales in two groups of companies has pointed to a fact that after 2010 the margin of middle-sized companies exceeded the profitability of large companies. The relationship between the level of transaction costs and return on sales in two groups of companies is being quantified as well. We have proved that middle-sized corporations have shown a direct relationship. On the contrary, transaction costs negatively affect profitability in large corporations.

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Determinants of E-Commerce Adoption among Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Malaysia

E-Commerce Adoption and Small Business in the Global Marketplace ◽

10.4018/978-1-60566-998-4.ch004 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 67-85 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sim Chia Hua ◽

Modapothala Jashua Rajesh ◽

Lau Bee Theng

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Electronic Commerce ◽

Empirical Evidence ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Developing Nations ◽

Internal Factors ◽

Low Level ◽

Gender And Education ◽

Large Corporations

With a major proportion of research on Electronic Commerce (EC) undertaken on large corporations, and focused primarily on developed countries, little is known about the determinants of EC in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) of developing nations. This chapter explores the extent of EC use by SMEs, and provides some empirical evidence of how internal factors of firm and owner are influencing EC adoption among smaller businesses in Malaysia. The methodology and results of this study may be applicable to other developing countries. Findings confirm the low level of participation in EC by SMEs. The age of enterprise, as well as the owner’s gender and education were found to be significant in determining the level of EC adoption. Though some of the results contradict those of previous studies, they may have a greater implication for government authorities in drawing up guidelines, approaches, and formulating more effective frameworks to promote EC use among SMEs in developing countries.

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NATIONAL CORPORATE GOVERNANCE MODEL: SYSTEM GROWTH FACTOR OF THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY

Economics Profession Business ◽

10.14258/epb201952 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 5-15

Author(s):

Stepan Igorevich Mezhov ◽

Igor Stepanovich Mezhov

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Small And Medium Enterprises ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Special Role ◽

Leading Role ◽

Governance Model ◽

Urgent Task ◽

Innovative Products ◽

Large Corporations ◽

Medium Enterprises

The paper discusses the problems of the formation and development of corporate business organization in solving the problems of economic growth in Russia. Modern corporations of developed countries, possessing huge tangible and non-tangible assets, human capital and advanced technologies, are essentially the main drivers of economic development. By constantly investing significant amounts of capital in the creation of innovative products, corporations play a leading role, both in existing markets, and create new ones, receiving not only average industry profits, but also rents. Large corporations play a special role in national economies, since it is they who practically implement scientific and technological progress, create jobs, provide orders to small and medium enterprises, and make a significant contribution to the country’s GDP and significant tax revenues. Creating conditions for the emergence and development of large corporations in Russia is an urgent task, including for the implementation of national projects and economic growth programs, the implementation of which until now has been hampered by the inadequate organization of the national economy.

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Determinants of E-Commerce Adoption Among Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Malaysia

E-Adoption and Socio-Economic Impacts ◽

10.4018/978-1-60960-597-1.ch005 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 71-89 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sim Chia Hua ◽

Modapothala Jashua Rajesh ◽

Lau Bee Theng

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Electronic Commerce ◽

Empirical Evidence ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Developing Nations ◽

Internal Factors ◽

Low Level ◽

Gender And Education ◽

Large Corporations

With a major proportion of research on Electronic Commerce (EC) undertaken on large corporations, and focused primarily on developed countries, little is known about the determinants of EC in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) of developing nations. This chapter explores the extent of EC use by SMEs, and provides some empirical evidence of how internal factors of firm and owner are influencing EC adoption among smaller businesses in Malaysia. The methodology and results of this study may be applicable to other developing countries. Findings confirm the low level of participation in EC by SMEs. The age of enterprise, as well as the owner’s gender and education were found to be significant in determining the level of EC adoption. Though some of the results contradict those of previous studies, they may have a greater implication for government authorities in drawing up guidelines, approaches, and formulating more effective frameworks to promote EC use among SMEs in developing countries.

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A Comparison of Corporate Sustainability Reporting in Europe and the Mena Region

Corporate Social Responsibility ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-6192-7.ch085 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1610-1632

Author(s):

Harish C. Chandan

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Corporate Sustainability ◽

Sustainability Reporting ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Senior Management ◽

Strategy Development ◽

Mena Region ◽

Sustainability Reports ◽

Large Corporations ◽

The Developed Countries

Corporate sustainability (CS) is becoming a strategic focus for large corporations globally. This chapter compares CS reporting in the Europe and MENA regions. A content analysis of the CS reports from large corporations in Europe and the MENA region is presented to explore the themes covered in their sustainability reports. More large corporations in Europe have been reporting CS longer than those in the MENA region, and more large corporations in the developed countries of Europe as compared to MENA region publish CS reports. In general, CS reporting in the MENA region and developing European countries is in its infancy. There is evidence of leadership structures being put in place to ensure that the board and senior management are involved in sustainable strategy development and are incentivized to monitor and ensure implementation of that strategy through financial rewards.

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Determinants of E-Commerce Adoption Among Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Malaysia

International Journal of E-Adoption ◽

10.4018/jea.2009100101 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 1-18

Author(s):

Sim Chia Hua ◽

Modapothala Jashua Rajesh ◽

Lau Bee Theng

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Electronic Commerce ◽

Empirical Evidence ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Developing Nations ◽

Internal Factors ◽

Low Level ◽

Gender And Education ◽

Large Corporations

With a major proportion of research on Electronic Commerce (EC) undertaken on large corporations, and focused primarily on developed countries, little is known about the determinants of EC in Small and Mediumsized Enterprises (SMEs) of developing nations. This chapter explores the extent of EC use by SMEs, and provides some empirical evidence of how internal factors of firm and owner are influencing EC adoption among smaller businesses in Malaysia. The methodology and results of this study may be applicable to other developing countries. Findings confirm the low level of participation in EC by SMEs. The age of enterprise, as well as the owner’s gender and education were found to be significant in determining the level of EC adoption. Though some of the results contradict those of previous studies, they may have a greater implication for government authorities in drawing up guidelines, approaches, and formulating more effective frameworks to promote EC use among SMEs in developing countries.

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Ethical Dilemmas with Economic Studies in Less-Developed Countries: AIDS Research Trials

IRB Ethics and Human Research ◽

10.2307/3564206 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 8

Author(s):

Michele Barry

Keyword(s):

Ethical Dilemmas ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Less Developed Countries ◽

Aids Research ◽

Economic Studies

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A Comparison of Corporate Sustainability Reporting in Europe and the Mena Region

Comparative Economics and Regional Development in Turkey - Advances in Finance, Accounting, and Economics ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-8729-5.ch010 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 230-251

Author(s):

Harish C. Chandan

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Corporate Sustainability ◽

Sustainability Reporting ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Senior Management ◽

Strategy Development ◽

Mena Region ◽

Sustainability Reports ◽

Large Corporations ◽

The Developed Countries

Corporate sustainability (CS) is becoming a strategic focus for large corporations globally. This chapter compares CS reporting in the Europe and MENA regions. A content analysis of the CS reports from large corporations in Europe and the MENA region is presented to explore the themes covered in their sustainability reports. More large corporations in Europe have been reporting CS longer than those in the MENA region, and more large corporations in the developed countries of Europe as compared to MENA region publish CS reports. In general, CS reporting in the MENA region and developing European countries is in its infancy. There is evidence of leadership structures being put in place to ensure that the board and senior management are involved in sustainable strategy development and are incentivized to monitor and ensure implementation of that strategy through financial rewards.

Download Full-text