Characteristics of Working Pensioners in Italy: Between Early Retirement Tradition and Reforms to Extend Working Life

2015 ◽  
pp. 81-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Principi ◽  
Pietro Checcucci ◽  
Mirko Di Rosa ◽  
Giovanni Lamura
Author(s):  
Andrea Principi ◽  
Jürgen Bauknecht ◽  
Mirko Di Rosa ◽  
Marco Socci

This paper identifies, within companies’ sectors of activity, predictors of Human Resource (HR) policies to extend working life (EWL) in light of increasing policy efforts at the European level to extend working life. Three types of EWL practices are investigated: the prevention of early retirement (i.e., encouraging employees to continue working until the legal retirement age); delay of retirement (i.e., encouraging employees to continue working beyond the legal retirement age); and, recruitment of employees who are already retired (i.e., unretirement). A sample of 4624 European organizations that was stratified by size and sector is analyzed in six countries. The main drivers for companies’ EWL practices are the implementation of measures for older workers to improve their performance, their working conditions, and to reduce costs. In industry, the qualities and skills of older workers could be more valued than in other sectors, while the adoption of EWL practices might be less affected by external economic and labor market factors in the public sector. Dutch and Italian employers may be less prone than others to extend working lives. These results underline the importance of raising employers’ awareness and increase their actions to extend employees’ working lives by adopting age management initiatives, especially in SMEs, and in the services and public sectors.


2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daishin Yasui

This paper develops an overlapping-generations model in which agents make educational and fertility decisions under life-cycle considerations and retirement from work is distinguished from death. Gains in adult longevity induce agents to decrease fertility, invest in education, and achieve higher income in order to save more for retirement. Even if working life is shortened by early retirement, this mechanism works as long as adult longevity increases sufficiently. Our model can explain the positive effect of life expectancy on education without contradicting the fact that working life length has not substantially increased, because of retirement. We also provide new insights into the interaction between fertility and retirement decisions.


Author(s):  
Orsolya Soosaar ◽  
Allan Puur ◽  
Lauri Leppik

Abstract We estimate how raising the statutory retirement age affects employment by considering the pension age reform in Estonia, that gradually raised the normal retirement age (NRA) for women from 58 to 61.5 and the early retirement age (ERA) from 56 to 59.5 during the period of 2001–2011. The analysis employs a difference-in-differences estimation strategy on register data covering women born between 1943 and 1952. The reform did have an impact on the employment rate of affected women, with an estimated increase of 4.1 percentage points associated with the rise in the NRA, and 3.4 percentage points with the rise in the ERA. These estimates are at the lower end of those found in previous studies for other countries, pointing to the role of contextual features such as lower replacement rates and fewer disincentives to work while drawing pensions.


2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-546
Author(s):  
Rien Huiskamp ◽  
Kees Vos

Over the last decade life-course arrangements have been introduced in several EU Member States with the aim of enhancing in a coherent way individual flexibility and employability over an employee’s whole working life. In this article we examine the effects of existing schemes with a life-course dimension in terms of employability, comparing four schemes in three countries. The conclusion we arrive at is that the schemes are mainly used for early retirement or achieving short-term benefits, while the uptake of provisions specifically related to employability is not very high. More attractive forms of working-life accounts should refocus on easily accessible basic schemes with short-term objectives and endowed with a sufficient budget for achieving long-term employability goals. They need to be underpinned and supplemented by collectively bargained company-level agreements. Au cours de la dernière décennie, des accords portant sur l’ensemble du parcours de vie ont été introduits dans plusieurs Etats membres de l’UE, dans le but d’améliorer de manière cohérente la flexibilité individuelle et l’employabilité sur l’ensemble du parcours professionnel d’un travailleur. Dans cet article, nous examinons les effets en termes d’employabilité des régimes actuels présentant une dimension portant sur l’ensemble du parcours de vie, en comparant quatre régimes dans trois pays. La conclusion à laquelle nous arrivons est que ces régimes sont principalement utilisés en vue d’une retraite anticipée ou pour obtenir des avantages à court terme, cependant que l’intérêt des dispositions spécifiquement relatives à l’employabilité n’est pas très élevé. Des formes plus attractives d’équilibre entre travail et vie privée devraient se recentrer sur des régimes de base aisément accessibles, dotées d’objectifs à court terme et d’un budget suffisant pour atteindre des objectifs d’employabilité à long terme. Ces efforts doivent être soutenus et complétés par des conventions collectivement négociées au niveau de l’entreprise. In den letzten zehn Jahren sind in mehreren EU-Mitgliedstaaten Regelungen eingeführt worden, die den gesamten Lebensverlauf in den Blick nehmen und darauf abzielen, die individuelle Flexibilität und Beschäftigungsfähigkeit der Arbeitnehmer über ihr gesamtes Berufsleben hinweg auf kohärente Weise zu erhöhen. In diesem Beitrag werden die Auswirkungen bestehender Regelungen mit einer Lebensverlaufsperspektive auf die Beschäftigungsfähigkeit untersucht. Der Vergleich von vier Regelungen in drei Ländern zeigt, dass diese hauptsächlich der vorzeitigen Pensionierung der Arbeitnehmer dienen oder ihnen kurzfristige Vorteile bringen, während die Bestimmungen, die ausdrücklich auf die Verbesserung der Beschäftigungsfähigkeit ausgerichtet sind, nur in geringem Maße umgesetzt werden. Es müssten attraktivere Formen von Lebensarbeits(zeit)konten geschaffen werden, in deren Mittelpunkt Grundsysteme stehen, die leicht zugänglich und auf kurzfristige Ziele ausgerichtet sind, aber mit ausreichenden Mitteln ausgestattet werden, um langfristige Ziele im Bereich der Beschäftigungsfähigkeit zu erreichen. Diese Regelungen müssen durch kollektiv ausgehandelte betriebliche Vereinbarungen unterstützt und ergänzt werden.


2021 ◽  
pp. 214-222
Author(s):  
M.I. Averyanova

The formation of pension rights to an old-age insurance pension is carried out during the entire working life of the employee (and this is usually three to four decades). The main factors that are important for the appointment of an old-age insurance pension, as well as for calculating its size, are still the length of service (for early retirement — professional) and the amount of earnings of the employee. In light of the fact that over the past decade, the rules of the pension legislation repeatedly substantially changed and when making the employees old-age pension (especially early), as evidenced by law enforcement practice, identified the problem of proving the employee's pension rights, the conclusion about the need to improve the pension culture of the employee is formulated.


2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Erik Solem

<span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><p align="left">The article reviews Norwegian and international research on aging and work; causes of early exit,</p><p align="left">attitudes towards older workers, aging and work performance, and trends of changes in working life.</p><p align="left">Workers seem to have become too old to work at increasingly younger ages. Recent and future</p><p align="left">demographic changes call for initiatives to keep older workers in the work force. In many countries</p><p align="left">favourable early retirement arrangements are reversed in order to stop pulling older workers prematurely</p><p align="left">out of work. The other main group of factors causing early exit, the push factors in the work environment,</p><p align="left">have until recently attracted less attention. Even if older workers in general seem to be no less effective</p><p align="left">than younger workers, employers prefer to recruit younger workers, and to dismiss older workers when</p><p align="left">reducing the staff. However, employers’ cognitions of older workes’ performance is quite nuanced. There</p><p align="left">seems to be an emotional ambivalence where negative feelings are less openly expressed, still they seem</p><p align="left">to have a strong influence on decisions. Ways of influencing attitudes towards older workers are</p><p align="left">discussed. Companies creating working conditions to stimulate, include and motivate middle-aged and</p><p>older workers may get an advantage in the market. This may even benefit workers of all ages.</p></span></span>


1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. Jackson ◽  
Philip E. Taylor

This article reports on factors affecting the withdrawal of older workers from the labour market associated with unemployment, premature retirement and retirement at 65 years of age. Longitudinal data from three interviews with 175 adult males are examined; and findings show a process of psychological withdrawal from the labour market reflecting changes in personal identity which occur prior to reaching the formal retirement age, most strongly for those without heavy financial commitments. For most of those interviewed, retirement was a preferred option to unemployment, and allowed them to regain control over their lives. Older workers whose financial needs keep them in the employment market are doubly disadvantaged since they cannot select the route of early retirement and find it much harder to compete with younger people.


2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Desmette ◽  
C. Iweins ◽  
G. Herman

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document