Affect, stimmung and governing young drug users: an affirmative critique of a Danish drug user treatment programme

Subjectivity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mads Bank
Keyword(s):  
Drug User ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Treatment Programme

scholarly journals Shadow Committees: On “Drug User Voice,” Representation, and Mobilization in a Norwegian Drug Policy Reform

2021 ◽  
pp. 009145092110037
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Bartoszko
Keyword(s):  
Drug User ◽  
Drug Policy ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Policy Reform ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
Illegal Drug Use ◽  
Conservative Policy ◽  
Political Landscapes ◽  
Alternative Organization ◽  
Drug Policy Reform

Until recently, Norway remained immovable on its conservative policy that illegal drug use is a crime. In 2018, the Health Minister appointed an inquiry commission to design a less restrictive drug policy, which included two “drug user representatives.” But the Minister’s choices for these posts met massive dissatisfaction from some drug users who contended that the representatives “are not real drug users” and do not “speak for” nor “act on the behalf” of their experiences and opinions. They mobilized to establish an alternative organization, the Shadow Committee, to propose a drug policy reform shaped by “the user voices” and “not polluted by political compromises.” Yet, while performing a labor of difference, this committee, too, became caught in conflicting landscapes of representation with some members contesting strategic solidarity. Based on this case, and an ethnographic fieldwork among the protesters, this article investigates the concept of representation as understood, contested and applied by “drug users.” Exploring how they relate to “user voices” and question the authenticity of some of “user representatives,” I highlight how changing political landscapes affect understandings of representation and shape political, individual and collective forms of involvement. I draw on Pitkin’s political philosophy and apply the classical categorization of political representation to suggest reconsidering the governing assumptions regarding “user representatives” that increasingly inform drug and treatment policies in Norway. I ask if the concept of representation itself may be a barrier to meaningful involvement.

scholarly journals Psychological, social, and motivational factors in the drug user care-seekers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Shahrabadi ◽  
Amir Jalali ◽  
Rostam Jalali ◽  
Ali Gholami
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Drug User ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Motivational Factors ◽  
Copyright Holder ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Psychological Performance ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background In addition to the family and society’s support, the drug user plays a key role in the process of treatment and rehabilitation. Therefore, it is imperative to find the psychological, social, and motivational factors that can help them in the treatment process. The present study is an attempt to determine the relationship of psychological, social, and motivational factors and demographics of drug user care-seekers. Methods An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out. Psychological, Social, and Motivational Performance Questionnaire for drug users was first translated into Farsi and validated after securing a permission from the copyright holder of the tool. Participants were 250 drug user care-seekers under methadone therapy who were selected through convenient sampling. Before analyzing the collected data, validity and reliability of the tool were confirmed using confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses. Given the scale of demographical data, suitable statistics were used to analyze the relationship between demographical variables and psychological, social, and motivational factors. Results The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses showed that out of 83 statements in the original questionnaire, 55 statements categorized into 11 aspects were usable for Iranian population. The results showed that gender, income, and marital status were effective in psychological performance of the drug users (P<0.05). However, education level, domicile, and type of drug and consumption did not have a significant relationship with social performance of the participants (p>0.05). There was a significant relationship between age, number of children, and history of using drug and psychological performance of the participants (P<0.01). The results showed that the demographics did not have a notable effect on the participants’ motivation for treatment; only marital status had a significant relationship with the participants’ readiness for treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion As the results showed, the demographical variables could affect physical, psychological, and motivational readiness in the participants.

Prevalence and Distribution of Hepatitis C Virus in Iranian Drug User: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Najimi-Varzaneh ◽  
Mohammad Gholami-Fesharaki
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug User ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Analysis Study ◽  
Hcv Prevalence

Context: Hepatitis C, as a major public health problem, has serious complications and drug users are the highest risk group for it.Objectives: As the importance of this subject, the current study has been done to estimate the pooled prevalence  and distribution of hepatitis c virus in Iranian Drug User.Evidence Acquisition: Articles were identified through international searching databases including PubMed, Scopus, Elsevier, Google Scholar and Web of Science and Iranian scientific information database (SID), Health. barakatkns, IranDoc, Civilica and MagIran. We reviewed systematically all studies reporting the prevalence of HCV Iranian Drug User.Results: 227 records were identified by the electronic search, of which 62 studies were identified as relevant  papers which were meta-analyzed for the pooled HCV prevalence. Overall, prevalence of HCV  was 42.01 %( 36.83%-47.20%) in Iranian drug user.Conclusion: Our meta-analysis study showed that HCV prevalence is high in drug users in Iran. With respect to the high prevalence of Hepatitis C among Drug User, ongoing preventive actions for this group are recommended.

scholarly journals Researching Hard-to Reach Populations: Privileged Access Interviewers and Drug Using Parents

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Jane Taylor ◽  
Jackie Kearney
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug User ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Privileged Access ◽  
Veil Of Ignorance ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Hard To Reach Populations ◽  
The Media

Accessing drug using populations is notoriously fraught with difficulties for researchers (Gurdin & Patterson, 1987; Griffiths, Gosspo & Strang, 1993; Renzetti & Lee, 1993; Spreen & Zwaagstra, 1994; Goode, 2000; Elliott et al., 2002). These difficulties are the result of a number of reasons. The main one being that drug use is often illicit and/or illegal which often leads to the stigmatization of drug users within the media and elsewhere and this may ultimately lead to their lives being ‘concealed by a veil of ignorance’ (Elliott et al., 2002: 172). When one adds to this the fact that the population in question may have even more reason to remain hidden, for example, that they are drug using parents who may wish to conceal their identity as either parent or as drug user, accessing them may be even more complicated for researchers, service providers and policy makers alike.

scholarly journals Innate Activation of MDC and NK Cells in High-Risk HIV-1–Exposed Seronegative IV-Drug Users Who Share Needles When Compared With Low-Risk Nonsharing IV-Drug User Controls

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Costin Tomescu ◽  
Kelly E. Seaton ◽  
Peter Smith ◽  
Mack Taylor ◽  
Georgia D. Tomaras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Drug User ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals PEMIDANAAN TERHADAP PENGEDAR DAN PENGGUNA NARKOBA : Penelitian Asas, Teori, Norma dan Praktik Peradilan

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Lilik Mulyadi
Keyword(s):  
Death Penalty ◽  
Drug User ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Alternative Formulation ◽  
Life Imprisonment ◽  
Psychotropic Substances ◽  
Criminal Sanctions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Determinate System ◽  
Severe Punishment

Formulation types of criminal sanctions (strafsoort) is considered the most appropriate, appropriate and fair for appropriate drugdealers Narcotics Act (Act No. 35of 2009) and Psychotropic Substances Act (Act No. 22 of 1997) andjudicial practicebe assessedfrom the perspective of the principles, theories, norms andjudicial practiceis a system of cumulative-alternative formulation (mixed /combined) between the death penalty, life imprisonment or imprisonment, or a fine, while the length of the formulation of criminals anctions (straafmaat) is considered the most appropriate, appropriateand fair sentenceis a determinate system in the form prescrib edlimit minimum and maximum criminal threats. Punishment for drug user alyzed from the perspective of the principles, theories, norms and practices of its application to the dealers to berelatively severe punishment metedranging from the death penalty, life imprisonment and criminal casesover the past 15-20 years. The nthenature of drug users a sactors (daders) and a victim (victims) in addition to drug crimeshould bedropped also dropped criminal sentencing rehabilitationas stipulated in Article 127 of LawNo. 35 of 2009 for narcoticaddicts. Keywords: Formulation types of criminal sanctions, formulation of criminals anctions (straafmaat)

scholarly journals Two Successive Hepatitis C Virus Infections in an Intravenous Drug User

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 3125-3127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Proust ◽  
Frederic Dubois ◽  
Yannick Bacq ◽  
Sophie Le Pogam ◽  
Sylvie Rogez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug User ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Intravenous Drug User ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Serotype 1

We report the case of an occasional intravenous drug user who developed two successive hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. The first infection led to seroconversion (anti-HCV antibodies detected) and the detection of HCV RNA in serum. After a spontaneous recovery (normalization of alanine aminotransferase levels and HCV RNA clearance), a second HCV infection was observed, with the recurrence of HCV viremia. Antibody directed against HCV serotype 1 was detected throughout the follow-up monitoring, but two different HCV strains were identified during the two infectious episodes: genotype 1a for the first and genotype 3a for the second. This observation shows that primary HCV infection does not confer protective immunity against subsequent infection with viruses of other genotypes. This may hamper the development of a vaccine. Conflicting results were obtained in genotyping and serotyping assays, suggesting that the serotyping method cannot be used to identify the HCV type in patients, such as intravenous drug users, who are exposed to successive HCV infections.

Peer Support as a Method of Risk Reduction in Injecting Drug-User Communities: Experiences in Dutch Projects and the “European Peer Support Project”

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 617-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz Trautmann
Keyword(s):  
Peer Support ◽  
Drug User ◽  
Drug Policy ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Drug Problem ◽  
Important Distinction ◽  
Self Help ◽  
User Communities ◽  
Injecting Drug User

This article discusses the central importance in Western Europe of active drug users/injectors working with their peers to combat the spread of HIV and reduce other health problems. The structure and workings of several different peer organizations are described, and an important distinction is made between “self-help” versus drug-user “unions” or “interest” groups. The roots of the first drug-user unions are traced to the junkiebonden that surfaced in the Netherlands in the early 1970s. Now, the European Peer Support Project, which is described, coordinates projects in six different western European countries, supporting several different initiatives, and producing training programs and manuals for users to assist them in their organizing efforts. The underlying premise of drug-user self-organizations is that repressive drug policy, as defined by criminal laws, is not only a fundamentally inappropriate approach to the “drug problem;” repressive drug policy is partly responsible for the creation of the “drug problem” in the first place.

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