Predicting Sediment Yield in Storm-Water Runoff from Urban Areas

The paper attempts to explain sources of surplus storm water runoff in urban areas, particularly in relation with functioning of inlets. Inlet capacity (quantity of captured water) and inlet efficiency (portion of the approaching flow rate) have been defined and their relationship with relevant parameters (approaching flow, longitudinal and lateral street slopes) was established through laboratory measurements. Effects of clogging of inlets on inlet capacity were also investigated in laboratory conditions. As a consequence of decreased inlet efficiency, there is a portion of approaching flow that is not captured by the inlet (pass-over flow). If the pass-over flow is considered along a street having numerous inlets, it is easy to estimate the quantity of flow that would accumulate on the pavement. Inlet inefficiency can be significant when overestimation of inlet capacity results in increased distance between consecutive inlets, and when clogging of grates or inadequate placing of inlets causes significant decrease in inlet capacity.

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Biocides used in building materials and their leaching behavior to sewer systems

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2007.807 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 56 (12) ◽

pp. 63-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

M. Burkhardt ◽

T. Kupper ◽

S. Hean ◽

R. Haag ◽

P. Schmid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Building Materials ◽

Quality Standard ◽

Storm Water ◽

Water Runoff ◽

Transport Dynamics ◽

Storm Water Runoff ◽

First Results ◽

Protection Agent ◽

Root Protection

There is increasing concern about diffuse pollution of aquatic systems by biocides used in urban areas. We investigated sources and pathways of biocides significant for the pollution of storm water runoff. Main sources seem to be building envelopes, i.e. facades (paints, plasters) and roof sealing membranes. First results from a defined urban catchment drained by a separated sewer system without any agricultural activities reveal a substantial occurrence. Even after the first flush, concentrations of terbutryn, carbendazim, mecoprop as well as Irgarol 1051® and its metabolite exceeded the Swiss water quality standard of 0.1 μg/L. In laboratory experiments, leaching of mecoprop used as a root protection agent in bitumen sheets for roof waterproofing was determined. The concentrations differed in 16 different sheets two orders of magnitude, depending on the product composition. Using optimized products, it is expected to be the most efficient and sustainable way to reduce the environmental impact. To understand transport dynamics and environmental risk, further storm water events will be analyzed. Based on the ongoing project URBIC, first measures will be proposed to limit the release to surface and ground water.

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Design of Bio-retention Filter Basin for Conservation and Purification of Storm water runoff in Urban Areas

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering - 2 ◽

10.35940/ijrte.d5011.119420 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 289-294

Keyword(s):

Best Management Practices ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Management Practices ◽

Monsoon Season ◽

Population Pressure ◽

Storm Water ◽

Project Work ◽

Water Runoff ◽

Storm Water Runoff ◽

Reduced Rate

Urban areas are more susceptible to water logging and subsequent flood conditions because of reduced rate of infiltration arising from construction activities particularly during the monsoon season. However, if the storm water runoff is conserved and purified, it will be useful to cater to the needs of the huge population in urban areas during the periods of less rainfall or non-monsoon season. Bio-retention basins are best management practices that use a biogeochemical process within a vegetative eco-system to provide soil moisture retention and purification of storm water. While this structure has been implemented in many countries around the world, it is yet to be implemented in Indian cities with necessary modifications considering the topography, population pressure, hydrological characteristics of a basin, and the soil and water management practices. This project work is oriented to design a bio-retention filter basin in the parking lots or roadsides or streetscapes in Indian urban cities.

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Quality Assessment of Rain and Storm Water Runoff for Nairobi City Industrial and Sub-Urban Areas

International Journal of Innovative Research in Engineering & Management ◽

10.21276/ijirem.2017.4.1.2 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 540-546

Author(s):

Eng Evans Mugera Lusigi ◽

Duncan Onyango Mbuge ◽

John Paul Obiero ◽

Stephen Conrad Ondieki ◽

Peter Kuria Ndiba

Keyword(s):

Quality Assessment ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Storm Water ◽

Water Runoff ◽

Storm Water Runoff

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Reducing Stormwater Runoff from Parking Lot with Permeable Pavement

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20187305016 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 73 ◽

pp. 05016 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Suripin Suripin ◽

Sachro Sri Sangkawati ◽

Samto Atmojo Pranoto ◽

Edhisono Sutarto ◽

Budieny Hary ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Drainage System ◽

Peak Discharge ◽

Physical Models ◽

Water Infiltration ◽

Storm Water ◽

Water Runoff ◽

Permeable Pavement ◽

Storm Water Runoff ◽

Parking Lot

Increased urbanization has an impact on increased impervious surface, consequently the urban drainage system becomes gradually overloaded, with frequent spills and inundate urban areas. Upgrade or re-design the existing drainage system is not an effective solution because it does not address the source of the problem. It is necessary strategies for urbanization reduction of storm-water runoff. These strategies are aimed to reduce storm-water runoff mainly through water infiltration. One of the strategies is to develop permeable pavement. This study is aimed to test the capacity of permeable pavement through the development of full scale physical models in the parking lot. The results show that proposed permeable pavement are able to significantly reduce volume and peak discharge of storm-water runoff, delay the start of runoff and slow the peak discharge. The application of this proposed permeable pavement in the urban area is strongly recommended to reduce drainage load as well as to increase groundwater recharge.

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Comparison of urban residential storm water runoff quality in Bucharest, Romania with international data

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20198507019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 85 ◽

pp. 07019 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dan Rădulescu ◽

Gabriel Racoviţeanu ◽

Xavier Swamikannu

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Catchment Area ◽

Storm Water ◽

Water Runoff ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Grab Sampling ◽

Storm Water Runoff ◽

The World ◽

Runoff Quality

Diffuse pollution is a major source of contaminants to surface waters in urban areas. Land use activities and the degree of imperviousness have a strong influence on the pollutant loadings and the pattern and distribution of the pollutograph. Uncontrolled discharges of contaminated urban storm water runoff contribute to impairments of water quality in receiving waters. In this study, grab samples of storm water runoff were collected from a small high-density residential catchment area in Bucharest. The pollutant concentrations were analysed for several water quality physical and chemical parameters including pH, conductivity, oil and grease, nutrients, pathogen indicator bacteria and some heavy metals. The storm events were monitored through grab sampling. The sample results for this representative residential catchment area in Bucharest were then compared with data reported from other regions of the world. The analysis demonstrates that the characteristics of the urban runoff quality from residential areas in Bucharest were comparable with data obtained from other areas in the world.

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The Research of the Suitability of Hydrostatic Water Level Sensor to Measure Storm Water Runoff Flow Rate with the Focus on the Influence of Sediments

Linnaeus Eco-Tech ◽

10.15626/eco-tech.2010.035 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 336-344

Author(s):

Vilmantė Karlavičienė ◽

Raimondas Zaborovskis ◽

Vaidas Vinciūnas ◽

Mindaugas Rimeika

Keyword(s):

Water Level ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Storm Water ◽

Water Runoff ◽

Storm Water Runoff ◽

Accuracy Of Measurements ◽

Level Sensor ◽

The Impact

Since most of the contaminants in surface waters fall with storm water runoff, it is very important to correctly describe the content of pollutants discharging with them (kilograms or tons) for a given unit of time (hour, shift, day, month or year). Measurements are complicated by the fact that the flow rate and pollutant concentration is very variable over time. The aim of the research was to determine the grain size of sweepings accumulated on the surfaces of the researched territory and to investigate the impact of storm water runoff sediments on the accuracy of measurements of water level height using the hydrostatic water level sensor. For the experiment four typical Vilnius city streets, two storm water runoff treatment plants and also the streets sweeping machine was chosen. Storm water runoff in urban areas has an abundance of sediment, therefore, studying the hydrostatic water level sensor DI 240 Diver suitability to determine storm water runoff flow rate, for the experimental studies the impact of sludge and sand for measuring accuracy was chosen. Particles with diameters ranging from 0.315 to 0.630 mm consisting the maximum weight (the average value of 24 g per 100 g of the sample) of street sweepings. Storm water runoff treatment plants sediments are approximately 60% of the smallest particles with a size of less than 0.05 mm. Particles of less than 0.25 mm consisting about 80% of sediment. During laboratory and full scale tests it was determined, that there is no significant affect of sediments on the accuracy of the hydrostatic water level sensor measurements. The average square error (standard deviation) was 0.567 cm when the measurement uncertainty was 0.0021 cm.

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