Experimental Approach to Assessing Aerosol Dispersion of Treated Wastewater Distributed via Sprinkler Irrigation

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of treated wastewater on soil chemical and physical properties. Field experiment was conducted in Borkhar region in Isfahan province in central Iran with two water treatments of wastewater and groundwater under sprinkler and surface irrigation systems for three crops of sugar beet, corn and sunflower. Soil samples were collected to 120 cm depth to determine concentration of lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn). Irrigation systems had no significant effect on extractable heavy metals in soil. The accumulation of Pb, Mn, Ni and Co in the soil increased significantly in the wastewater treatment as compared to the groundwater treatment. The accumulation of Pb, Mn, Ni, Co, Cu and Zn decreases with the soil depth. Treated wastewater showed no effect on the increase of Fe, Cd, Ni, Cu and Zn during growing season. The irrigation system had a significant effect on infiltration rate, bulk density and total porosity. Under sprinkler irrigation system the infiltration rate increased significantly

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Use of wastewater for crop production under arid and saline conditions: yield and hygienic quality of the crop and soil contaminations

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1996.0690 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 33 (10-11) ◽

pp. 327-334 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Bouchaïb El Hamouri ◽

Abderrahim Handouf ◽

Mohamed Mekrane ◽

Mohamed Touzani ◽

Addi Khana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crop Production ◽

Detrimental Effect ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Sprinkler Irrigation ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Water Type ◽

Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽

Waste Stabilization ◽

Irrigated Crops

Raw (RW) and Waste Stabilization Ponds treated wastewater (TW) were used in comparison with groundwater (Control) for crop production under arid and saline conditions without any chemical fertilization. Four irrigation methods namely, surface, drip (with 2 systems “Bas Rhône” and “Rain bird”) and sprinkler irrigation were compared on each water type. The results of the 3-year-experimentation period were: a) TW applications instead of groundwater attenuated the detrimental effect of water salinity on the crop; b) Drip irrigation, “Bas Rhône” system, showed the highest irrigation performances and crop yields; c) the morphology and the way the crop was conducted were found to play an important role in determining its final bacteriological quality; d) TW irrigated crops and soils did not show any helminth eggs contaminations and e) Faecal coliforms were not isolated from the TW irrigated soil beyond the limit of 0.25 m.

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IMPACTS OF RECIRCULATION EVENT ON AEROSOL DISPERSION AND RAINFALL PATTERNS IN PARTS OF NIGERIA

Global NEST Journal ◽

10.30955/gnj.002142 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 344-352 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Keyword(s):

Experimental Approach ◽

Dispersion Model ◽

Mixing Layer ◽

Lower Atmosphere ◽

Data Set ◽

West Region ◽

Complex Process ◽

Key Factor ◽

1D Model ◽

Aerosol Dispersion

The peculiarity of the lower atmosphere of south west region of Nigeria was explored using theoretical and experimental approach. In the theoretical approach, the reconstruction of 1D model as an extraction from the 3D aerosol dispersion model was used to examine the physics of the recirculation theory. The experimental approach which consists of obtaining dataset from ground instruments was used to provide on-site guide for developing the new recirculation theories. The data set was obtained from the Davis weather station, Nigeria Meteorological agency and Multi-angle Imaging Spectro-radiometer (MISR). We looked at the main drivers of recirculation and propounded that recirculation is a complex process which triggers a reordering of the mixing layer- a key factor for initiating the type of rainfall in this region.

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Experimental Determination of the Effective Resolution Limit in Thick Specimens at High Voltages

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100116942 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 33 ◽

pp. 664-665

Author(s):

Mircea Fotino

Keyword(s):

Experimental Approach ◽

Chromatic Aberration ◽

Resolving Power ◽

Biological Research ◽

Specimen Thickness ◽

Resolution Limit ◽

High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽

Voltage Electron ◽

Resolution Level

The use of thick specimens (0.5 μm to 5.0 μm or more) is one of the most resourceful applications of high-voltage electron microscopy in biological research. However, the energy loss experienced by the electron beam in the specimen results in chromatic aberration and thus in a deterioration of the effective resolving power. This sets a limit to the maximum usable specimen thickness when investigating structures requiring a certain resolution level.An experimental approach is here described in which the deterioration of the resolving power as a function of specimen thickness is determined. In a manner similar to the Rayleigh criterion in which two image points are considered resolved at the resolution limit when their profiles overlap such that the minimum of one coincides with the maximum of the other, the resolution attainable in thick sections can be measured by the distance from minimum to maximum (or, equivalently, from 10% to 90% maximum) of the broadened profile of a well-defined step-like object placed on the specimen.

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Malfunctional Reorganization in the Developing Limbo-Prefrontal System in Animals: Implications for Human Psychoses?

Zeitschrift für Neuropsychologie ◽

10.1024//1016-264x.12.1.8 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 8-14

Author(s):

Gertraud Teuchert-Noodt ◽

Ralf R. Dawirs

Keyword(s):

Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Dentate Gyrus ◽

Cognitive Functions ◽

Experimental Approach ◽

Regulatory Mechanisms ◽

Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Invasive Method ◽

Activity Dependent

Abstract: Neuroplasticity research in connection with mental disorders has recently bridged the gap between basic neurobiology and applied neuropsychology. A non-invasive method in the gerbil (Meriones unguiculus) - the restricted versus enriched breading and the systemically applied single methamphetamine dose - offers an experimental approach to investigate psychoses. Acts of intervening affirm an activity dependent malfunctional reorganization in the prefrontal cortex and in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and reveal the dopamine position as being critical for the disruption of interactions between the areas concerned. From the extent of plasticity effects the probability and risk of psycho-cognitive development may be derived. Advance may be expected from insights into regulatory mechanisms of neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus which is obviously to meet the necessary requirements to promote psycho-cognitive functions/malfunctions via the limbo-prefrontal circuit.

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