A Numerical Approach to Simulate Soil Freezing and Frost Heave behind an Earth Retaining Structure

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Zhu ◽  
Radoslaw L. Michalowski
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Soil Freezing ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Retaining Structure

Separate-ice frost heave model for one-dimensional soil freezing process

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-qing Zhou ◽  
Yang Zhou ◽  
Kun Hu ◽  
Yi-jiang Wang ◽  
Xiang-yu Shang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Freezing ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Freezing Process ◽  
One Dimensional

Water flow induced by soil freezing

1977 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne D. Arvidson ◽  
Norbert R. Morgenstern
Keyword(s):  
Freezing Temperature ◽  
Soil Freezing ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Freezing Front ◽  
Overburden Pressure ◽  
Soil Frost ◽  
Freezing Soil ◽  
Volumetric Expansion ◽  
Pressure Water

A study to observe the effects of overburden pressure and other parameters on the freezing behavior of a saturated soil was undertaken. A linear relationship between effective overburden pressure and the flow of water into or out of a freezing soil was observed. The effective pressure at which no flow occurred was termed the shutoff pressure. At pressures less than the shutoff pressure water was sucked to the freezing front resulting in segregated ice, ice lensing, and heaving. This heaving could significantly exceed the heave due to the volumetric expansion of the in situ porewater. At pressures greater than the shutoff pressure water was expelled from the freezing front thereby reducing the volume of in situ water and resulting in a relatively small amount of heave. Shutoff pressure was observed to depend on soil type, stress history, and freezing temperature. The effects of overburden pressure upon flow of water in a freezing soil and frost heave were recommended as additional criteria for assessing soil frost susceptibility.

scholarly journals The Modelling of Freezing Process in Saturated Soil Based on the Thermal-Hydro-Mechanical Multi-Physics Field Coupling Theory

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2684
Author(s):  
Dawei Lei ◽  
Yugui Yang ◽  
Chengzheng Cai ◽  
Yong Chen ◽  
Songhe Wang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Void Ratio ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Soil Freezing ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Freezing Process ◽  
Soil Particles ◽  
Initial Void Ratio ◽  
Freezing Depth

The freezing process of saturated soil is studied under the condition of water replenishment. The process of soil freezing was simulated based on the theory of the energy and mass conservation equations and the equation of mechanical equilibrium. The accuracy of the model was verified by comparison with the experimental results of soil freezing. One-side freezing of a saturated 10-cm-high soil column in an open system with different parameters was simulated, and the effects of the initial void ratio, hydraulic conductivity, and thermal conductivity of soil particles on soil frost heave, freezing depth, and ice lenses distribution during soil freezing were explored. During the freezing process, water migrates from the warm end to the frozen fringe under the actions of the temperature gradient and pore pressure. During the initial period of freezing, the frozen front quickly moves downward, the freezing depth is about 5 cm after freezing for 30 h, and the final freezing depth remains about 6 cm. The freezing depth of the soil column is affected by soil porosity and thermal conductivity, but the final freezing depth mainly depends on the temperatures of the top and lower surfaces. The frost heave is mainly related to the amount of water migration. The relationship between the amount of frost heave and the hydraulic conductivity is positively correlated, and the thickness of the stable ice lens is greatly affected by the hydraulic conductivity. With the increase of the hydraulic conductivity and initial void ratio, the formation of ice lenses in the soil become easier. With the increase of the initial void ratio and thermal conductivity of soil particles, the frost heave of the soil column also increases. With high-thermal-conductivity soil, the formation of ice lenses become difficult.

Frost heave and heaving pressure measurements in colliery shales

1976 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Kettle ◽  
R. I. T. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Side Wall ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Soil Freezing ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Thermoelectric Devices ◽  
Cement Stabilization ◽  
Experimental Rig

The paper describes a technique for measuring the pressure generated when heaving is restrained in a frozen soil, freezing being achieved by thermoelectric cooling. Although steps were taken to minimize side wall resistance between the specimen and the test mould significant under-estimation of the pressure was unavoidable and further work is necessary to accurately quantify the resistance.The tests were performed on specimens of unbound and cement stabilized colliery shale, both unburnt and burnt shales being studied. For the unbound shales, the largest heaving pressures were developed by the finer grained shales, and this supports the theoretical studies that have shown heaving pressure to be inversely proportional to pore size. Cement stabilization did not significantly affect the heaving pressure developed by the coarser grained shales but, with the finer grained shales, it reduced the pressure developed.Heave and heaving pressure are not uniquely related and, although relationships have been established between these parameters separately for burnt and for unburnt shale, the technique does not at present constitute an alternative to the frost heave test.The testing programme has shown, however, that thermoelectric devices provide a reliable and efficient means for freezing specimens and an experimental rig is suggested for using them in frost heave testing.

Geocomposite capillary barriers to reduce frost heave in soils

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 678-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen S Henry ◽  
Robert D Holtz
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Soil Freezing ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Water Migration ◽  
Capillary Barrier ◽  
Capillary Barriers ◽  
Final Water Content ◽  
And Control

We investigated the potential for geosynthetic capillary barriers to reduce frost heave in soils by freezing upright, cylindrical soil specimens with horizontal disks of geosynthetics placed in them. During freezing, water was freely available at 25 mm above the base of 150 mm high specimens. The geosynthetics were located 5 mm above the water supply. We measured frost heave and final water content profiles of specimens containing geosynthetic capillary barriers and control specimens. The thermal conditions of the tests were typical of pavements in cold regions. Geotextiles prepared to simulate field conditions (i.e., moistened and containing soil fines) failed to significantly reduce frost heave. However, geocomposites comprising needle-punched polypropylene geotextiles sandwiching a drainage net, prepared in the same way as the moistened geotextiles containing soil fines, reduced frost heave when the soil water suction head in the overlying soil was 1800 mm or more. The geocomposites did not significantly reduce heave when the soil water suction head in the overlying soil was 800 mm or less. This is probably due to water migration between the two layers of soil, through the geotextiles and along the net of the geocomposite.Key words: capillary barrier, frost heave, geosynthetic, geotextile, geocomposite, soil freezing.

Observations of soil freezing and frost heave at Inuvik, Northwest Territories, Canada

1985 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Negative Temperature ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Soil Freezing ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Moisture Regime ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Moisture Migration

Field observations of soil temperature, moisture regime, and frost heave in silty clay hummocks at Inuvik, Northwest Territories, over the fall and early winter reveal that a significant amount of moisture migration and frost heave occurs within frozen soil at temperatures down to −2.4°C. The field data are analysed using thermodynamic considerations, and the apparent hydraulic conductivity is determined as a function of negative temperature. The conductivity falls from near 7 × 10−9 m s−1 above 0 °C to about 3.5 × 10−12 m s−1 at −1 °C, then remains fairly constant down to −2.4 °C. The observed decrease in heave with time is explained in terms of a diminishing water supply at the base of the active layer.

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