Observations of soil freezing and frost heave at Inuvik, Northwest Territories, Canada

1985 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Negative Temperature ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Soil Freezing ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Moisture Regime ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Moisture Migration

Field observations of soil temperature, moisture regime, and frost heave in silty clay hummocks at Inuvik, Northwest Territories, over the fall and early winter reveal that a significant amount of moisture migration and frost heave occurs within frozen soil at temperatures down to −2.4°C. The field data are analysed using thermodynamic considerations, and the apparent hydraulic conductivity is determined as a function of negative temperature. The conductivity falls from near 7 × 10−9 m s−1 above 0 °C to about 3.5 × 10−12 m s−1 at −1 °C, then remains fairly constant down to −2.4 °C. The observed decrease in heave with time is explained in terms of a diminishing water supply at the base of the active layer.

Mechanics of Buried Chilled Gas Pipelines

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. S. Selvadurai ◽  
J. Hu
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Elastic Behaviour ◽  
Full Scale Test ◽  
Flexural Behaviour ◽  
Moisture Migration ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
Interaction Test

This paper examines the factors influencing the modelling of soil-pipeline interaction for a pipeline which is used to transport chilled gas. The soil-pipeline interaction is induced by the generation of discontinuous frost heave at a boundary between soils with differing frost susceptibility. The three-dimensional modelling takes into consideration the time-dependent evolution of frost heave due to moisture migration, the creep and elastic behaviour of the frozen soil and flexural behaviour of the embedded pipeline. The results of the computational model are compared with experimental results obtained from the frost heave induced soil-pipeline interaction test performed at the full scale test facilities in Caen, France.

Frost heave and heaving pressure measurements in colliery shales

1976 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Kettle ◽  
R. I. T. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Side Wall ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Soil Freezing ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Thermoelectric Devices ◽  
Cement Stabilization ◽  
Experimental Rig

The paper describes a technique for measuring the pressure generated when heaving is restrained in a frozen soil, freezing being achieved by thermoelectric cooling. Although steps were taken to minimize side wall resistance between the specimen and the test mould significant under-estimation of the pressure was unavoidable and further work is necessary to accurately quantify the resistance.The tests were performed on specimens of unbound and cement stabilized colliery shale, both unburnt and burnt shales being studied. For the unbound shales, the largest heaving pressures were developed by the finer grained shales, and this supports the theoretical studies that have shown heaving pressure to be inversely proportional to pore size. Cement stabilization did not significantly affect the heaving pressure developed by the coarser grained shales but, with the finer grained shales, it reduced the pressure developed.Heave and heaving pressure are not uniquely related and, although relationships have been established between these parameters separately for burnt and for unburnt shale, the technique does not at present constitute an alternative to the frost heave test.The testing programme has shown, however, that thermoelectric devices provide a reliable and efficient means for freezing specimens and an experimental rig is suggested for using them in frost heave testing.

scholarly journals Model of the influence of snow cover on soil freezing

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 417-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. I. Osokin ◽  
R. S. Samoylov ◽  
A.V. Sosnovskiy ◽  
S. A. Sokratov ◽  
V. A. Zhidkov
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Negative Temperature ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Soil Freezing ◽  
Soil Frost ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Freezing Depth ◽  
Good Agreement

AbstractA mathematical model of snow-cover influence on soil freezing, taking into account the phase transition layer, water migration in soil, frost heave and ice-layer formation, has been developed. The modeled results are in good agreement with data observed in natural conditions. The influence of a possible delay between the time of negative temperature establishment in the air and the beginning of snow accumulation, and possible variations of the thermophysical properties of snow cover in the wide range previously reported were investigated by numerical experiments. It was found that the delay could change the frozen-soil depth up to 2–3 times, while different thermophysical characteristics of snow changed the resulting freezing depth 4–5 times.

Modeling soil freeze-thaw and ice effect on canal bank

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z X Zhang ◽  
R L Kushwaha
Keyword(s):  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Soil Freezing ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Energy Status ◽  
Abrupt Increase ◽  
Water Ice ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Thaw Cycle ◽  
Initial Soil ◽  
Freeze Thaw Cycle

The experiments for modeling soil freeze-thaw and ice action on canal banks were conducted in a laboratory. In addition to the frost heave that was observed during the period of soil freezing, there was an abrupt increase in frost heave that occurred at the beginning of soil thawing. This phenomenon lasted for over approximately 100 hours, and the frost heave induced during this period reached as much as 22.62 mm. At the same time, peak ice pressures also occurred as the soil was thawing. It has been suggested that the frost heave during initial soil thawing may be associated with the change in energy status at the water-ice interface resulting from the buildup of internal stress in the soil during the formation of ice lenses.Key words: frozen soil, freeze-thaw cycle, frost heave, thawing settlement, canal protection.

Discussion on Moisture Migration and Law of Frost Heave of Seasonal Frozen Soil in Hetao Irrigation Area, Inner Mongolia

2012 ◽  
Vol 212-213 ◽  
pp. 260-263
Author(s):  
Ying Hao Wang ◽  
Shuo Li
Keyword(s):  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Moisture Migration ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Irrigation Channel ◽  
Thaw Cycle ◽  
Channel Engineering ◽  
Seasonal Frozen Soil ◽  
Hetao Irrigation Area

Hetao irrigation area in Inner Mongolia is one of the four major irrigation areas in China, seasonal frozen soil is widely distributed in this area. Irrigation channel engineering experiences seriously freeze-thaw cycle many times in the long winter, its maintenance is the important and difficult point all long in irrigation channel engineering of Hetao irrigation area. For this, we analyze the moisture migration and law of frost heave characteristics of seasonal frozen soil in Hetao irrigation area.

Discrete ice lens theory for frost heave in soils

1991 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 843-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. (Derick) Nixon
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Soil Freezing ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Overburden Pressure ◽  
Discrete Location ◽  
Freezing Soil ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Segregation Potential

The existing segregation potential (SP) method for frost heave prediction in soils is semiempirical in nature and does not explicitly predict the relationship between heave rate, temperature gradient, and other more fundamental soil properties. The SP method assumes that the heave rate is directly related to the temperature gradient at the frost front but acknowledges that the SP parameter is dependent on pressure, suction at the frost front, cooling rate, soil type, and so forth. This paper extends and modifies an approximate analytical technique of Gilpin and accounts for the effects of distributed phase change within the freezing fringe in both the head- and mass-transfer components of the formulation. The approach requires as input a relationship between frozen hydraulic conductivity and temperature and predicts the discrete location of each ice lens within the freezing soil. The solution can be carried out quickly on a microcomputer to obtain the heave, suction at the frost front, ice lens temperature, and other results of interest with time. Furthermore, the discrete ice lens method predicts the effects of changing overburden pressure on the predicted heave rate. A method of extracting input parameters for the discrete ice lens procedure from a series of frost heave tests is proposed. The discrete ice theory has been tested and calibrated against well-documented frost heave test results in the literature, and very encouraging agreement between prediction and observation has been obtained. Key words: frost heave, discrete ice lens, segregation potential, hydraulic conductivity of frozen soil, freezing soil.

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