Optimal Pump Scheduling for the Newly Built São Lourenço Water Supply System in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise B. B. Mello ◽  
Isabella A. Piola ◽  
José C. Marins ◽  
Sami Maalouf ◽  
Renato C. Zambon
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Pump Scheduling

scholarly journals PEGADA HÍDRICA DO SISTEMA DE ABASTECIMENTO DE ÁGUA DO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO CARLOS – SP

Irriga ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 728-734
Author(s):  
Daiane Ferreira Campos
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Virtual Water ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Sanitation Systems

PEGADA HÍDRICA DO SISTEMA DE ABASTECIMENTO DE ÁGUA DO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO CARLOS – SP   DAIANE FERREIRA CAMPOS1   [1] Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Hidráulica e Saneamento, Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos / Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trab. São Carlense, 400 - Centro, CEP 13566-590, São Carlos – SP, Brasil, email: [email protected]     1 RESUMO    Os sistemas de saneamento estão entre os principais interconectores entre água e sociedade. Sendo perceptível que quanto maior a compreensão do recurso hídrico dentro do sistema, melhor será o gerenciamento. Seguindo esta dialética, sabe-se que o consumo de água vai além do que realmente é calculado, podendo ser analisado também, pela vertente de água virtual. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma análise da água virtual do sistema de abastecimento de água do município de São Carlos no estado de São Paulo. Logo, a estimativa de água virtual do abastecimento urbano de água foi calculada segundo o Manual de Pegada Hídrica. Sendo utilizado os dados de vazões médias de água tratada e distribuída pelas duas unidades de tratamento de água disponibilizados pelo SAAE (Sistema Autônomo de Água e Esgoto) do município de São Carlos, em seguida foi calculado o volume de água evaporado pelo método de Penman. Após contabilizar, resultou que a pegada hídrica do sistema de abastecimento foi estimada em 22.860.960,64 m³ por ano, o que representa uma razão de 1,44 m³ entre a água virtual e a água real, de maneira que, a evaporação contribuiu com 2.320,0 m³ por ano e as perdas de distribuição representaram 7.795.587,57 m³/ano de água virtual.   Palavras-chave: Pegada Hídrica; Sistemas de Saneamento; Água Virtual.     CAMPOS, D. F. WATER FOOTPRINT OF THE WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM OF SÃO CARLOS - SP     2 ABSTRACT   Sanitation systems are among the main interconnectors between water and society. It is noticeable that the greater the understanding of the water resource within the system, the better the management. Following this dialectic, water consumption goes beyond what is actually calculated and can also be analyzed by the virtual water aspect. Therefore, this work aims to present an analysis of the virtual water of the water supply system in the municipality of São Carlos in the state of São Paulo. Therefore, the estimate of virtual water for urban water supply was calculated according to the Water Footprint Manual. Using data from average water flows treated and distributed by the two water treatment units provided by SAAE-São Carlos, the evaporated water volume was then calculated using the Penman method. After accounting, it turned out that the water footprint of the supply system was estimated at 22,860,960.64 m³ per year, which represents a ratio of 1.44 between virtual water and real water, so that evaporation contributed to 2,320.0 m³ per year and distribution losses represented 7,795,587.57 m³/year of virtual water.   Keywords: Water Footprint; Sanitation Systems; Virtual Water.

scholarly journals A satellite-based investigation into the algae bloom variability in large water supply urban reservoirs during COVID-19 lockdown

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enner Alcantara ◽  
Keyla Coimbra ◽  
Igor Ogashawara ◽  
Thanan Rodrigues ◽  
Jose Mantovani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Here we report the first case study of the significant algae blooming in large reservoirs in relation to the COVID-19 lockdown in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and phycocyanin (PC) concentrations were analyzed in the Guarapiranga and Billings reservoirs, which supply daily water use for over 20 million people and receives treated wastewater. We employed field-calibrated Sentinel 2 MSI and Landsat 8 OLI images to map the spatial patterns of Chl-aand PC over the two period: before (April, August and October 2019) and more than a month after the lockdown in Sao Paulo due to the rapid spread of the COVID-19 in Brazil (April 2020). We found a significant increase in algae blooming (both Chl-a and PC) in both reservoirs in April 2020, compared to the same month of 2019. We show that the episodic algae blooming is strongly related to the increased inflows of the residential wastewater from the surrounding watersheds, because the household water use has increased ~3.2% in April 2020, while the runoff into the reservoirs driven by the rainfall was much lower in 2020 compared to the previous year for the same month. In the case of Guarapiranga Reservoir, PC increased nearly 500% in April 2020 compared to April 2019. Given the importance of Billings and Guarapiranga reservoirs for the water supply of the Metropolitan Region of Sao Paulo (MRSP), the abrupt occurrence of cyanobacteria blooms related to the state’s lockdown should be considered a major concern for public and environmental health of the region. Although several environmental consequences have been reported due to the COVID-19 worldwide, this study is the first to report the impact of COVID-19 on the trophic state in the tropical reservoirs.

scholarly journals Water crisis in São Paulo evaluated under the disaster's point of view

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Érico Soriano ◽  
Luciana de Resende Londe ◽  
Leandro Torres Di Gregorio ◽  
Marcos Pellegrini Coutinho ◽  
Leonardo Bacellar Lima Santos
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Water Crisis ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Response And Recovery

Abstract Brazil's Southeast region has been facing water supply challenges, especially concerning the metropolitan region of São Paulo, since 2014. We adressed the water crisis from the disaster's point of view, considering that one of the guiding features to characterize a disaster is the amount of affected people and the losses associated. In the situation under review, there are people directly affected, because of intermittent house water supply, and indirectly affected by the increase of prices for goods, since their production and manufacturing depend on the availability of water. We presented each of the stages of a disaster risk management: prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery. The risk of water scarcity in São Paulo is only one aspect of the discussion involving the effectiveness of management processes and the need for investments in the area, especially in reducing wasteful distribution.

Optimization of the Regional Municipality of Ottawa-Carleton's water supply system operations. I. Model development

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geneviève Pelletier ◽  
Ronald D. Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Pump Scheduling ◽  
Tariff Structure ◽  
The Impact

The principal objective of this study was to optimize pump scheduling and reservoir releases in the Regional Municipality of Ottawa-Carleton's (RMOC) water supply system with a view to reducing electricity-related operating costs. Pump schedules and reservoir releases for enhanced operation were obtained using a linear programming optimization model that incorporated Ottawa Hydro's electricity tariff structure for "large" users. A second objective was to investigate the impact on system operating costs of increasing (i) reservoir storage capacity, (ii) treatment plant capacity, and (iii) water demand by consumers. This paper (part I) describes the RMOC distribution system and reviews the model development. The next paper (part II) presents the analyses performed for the two study objectives, and important results. Key words: water supply system, pump scheduling, pumping costs, optimization, modelling.

Optimization of the Regional Municipality of Ottawa-Carleton's water supply system operations. II. Model results and analyses

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 358-372
Author(s):  
Geneviève Pelletier ◽  
Ronald D. Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Preceding Paper ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Pump Scheduling

The principal objective of this study was to optimize pump scheduling and reservoir releases in the Regional Municipality of Ottawa-Carleton's (RMOC) water supply system with a view to reducing hydro-related operating costs. Basically, hourly demands are to be met with minimum pumping costs. The preceding paper (part I) describes the RMOC system and the numerical model used in the optimization analysis. This paper (part II) presents the main results obtained from the optimization and also reports on the second study objective, which was to investigate the impacts on system operating costs of increasing (i) reservoir storage capacity, (ii) treatment plant capacity, and (iii) water demand by consumers. In general, linear programming was found to be a good modelling option for generating optimized pump schedules and service reservoir releases. The analyses of water management alternatives confirmed that RMOC's water supply system was designed for maximum day water demand; however, day-to-day operations would be facilitated if present storage and (or) treatment facilities were enlarged. Economically, it would be difficult to justify construction costs from the potential energy savings obtained from this study and therefore it seems important to start managing demand. Key words: water supply system, pump scheduling, pumping costs, optimization, modelling.

scholarly journals Urban expansion impacts the surface water source of the water supply system in Belém and Ananindeua, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e303974098
Author(s):  
Francianne Vieira Mourão ◽  
José Almir Rodrigues Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Special Focus

The aim of that research is to analyse the evolution of human activities close to Lake Bolonha, one of the main surface water sources for the Water Supply System in downtown Belém and Ananindeua, is investigated. Research consists of three stages. Stage 1 characterizes the environs and evaluates the importance of Lake Bolonha within the urban context. Stage 2 identifies human activities in the last ten years in the environs of the water source. Stage 3 analyzes impacts and environmental degradation risks, with special focus on vegetation around the lake. Results show that urban expansion reduced riparian vegetation and triggered sewerage flow into the lake, compromising self-cleaning capacity in the medium and long term, with an increase of pollution/contamination. The administration should develop and intensify activities to avoid irregular land occupation, establish a sewerage system and restitute the riparian vegetation lost. Lake Bolonha is highly relevant for the water supply system of approximate one million people of Belém and Ananindeua within the metropolitan region of Belém, Brazil.

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