Technology Status and Expected Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Battery, Plug-In Hybrid, and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy E. Lipman ◽  
David Hafemeister ◽  
Daniel Kammen ◽  
Barbara Goss Levi ◽  
Peter Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles

scholarly journals Perspectives of Lithium Mining in Quebec, Potential and Advantages of Integration into a Local Battery Production Chain for Electric Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Sebastián Ibarra-Gutiérrez ◽  
Jocelyn Bouchard ◽  
Marcel Laflamme ◽  
Konstantinos Fytas
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Average Value

This paper presents a discussion on Quebec’s pegmatite lithium resources and potential markets. It also evaluates the opportunities of lithium battery production for electric vehicles (EV) in the province while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The paper shows that mining Quebec’s lithium ore deposits would be sufficient to satisfy the province’s lithium demand and also for exporting abroad lithium-ion batteries. By considering only the projects whose final product is LMH or LCE, Quebec would be able to produce between 10 and 21 million lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles with a greenhouse gas emissions footprint of only 43% of the international average value due to Quebec’s hydro power. Finally, considering Quebec’s lithium mining project economics, the increased future demand for lithium would render Quebec’s lithium pegmatite projects competitive compared with those reported for brine projects.

scholarly journals A proposed fuel cell vehicle for reducing CO2 emissions and its contribution to reducing greenhouse gas emissions

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Mourad
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Fuel Cell Vehicle ◽  
Fuel Cell Vehicles ◽  
Gas Emissions

Because of their high efficiency and low emissions, fuel cell vehicles are undergoing extensive research and development. When considering the introduction of advanced vehicles, a complete evaluation must be performed to determine the potential impact of a technology on carbon dioxide (CO2) and greenhouse gases emissions. However, the reduction of CO2 emission from the vehicle became the most important objective for all researches institutes of vehicle technologies worldwide. There interest recently to find unconventional methods to reduce greenhouse gas emission from vehicle to keep the environment clean. This paper offers an overview and simulation study to fuel cell vehicles, with the aim of introducing their main advantages and evaluates their influence on emissions of carbon dioxide from fuel cell vehicle and compares advanced propulsion technologies on a well-to-wheel energy basis by using current technology for conventional and fuel cell. The results indicate that the use of fuel cells, and especially fuel cells that consume hydrogen, provide a good attempt for enhancing environment quality and reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Moreover, the emission reduction percentage of fuel cell vehicle reaches to 64% comparing to the conventional vehicle. Keywords: Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle, Performance, Simulation, Driving Cycle, CO2 Emissions, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Fuel Consumption.

Greenhouse gas emissions of electric vehicles in Europe considering different charging strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 102534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Xu ◽  
Hasan Ümitcan Yilmaz ◽  
Zongfei Wang ◽  
Witold-Roger Poganietz ◽  
Patrick Jochem
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Gas Emissions

scholarly journals Hydrogen or battery tractors: what potential for sustainable grape growing?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotta B. Van Leeuwen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Gas Emissions

Capping greenhouse gas emissions and reducing air pollution on the farm challenges the place of the diesel tractor in future sustainable vineyards. Tractors are responsible for the largest share of all CO2 emissions at vineyard plot scale, mostly resulting from pest and disease management and soil maintenance (Adoir et al., 2019). Electric vehicles will thus be required to meet climate change reduction goals. In this article, the characteristics of battery and hydrogen electric tractors are compared, and their potential in the grapevine growing sector is assessed.

scholarly journals Challenges in Incorporating Electric Vehicles to Mitigate Greenhouse Gas Emissions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milad Zokaei Ashtiani
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Assessment Procedure ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Transportation Sector

An indisputable fact about our planet is that its atmospheric temperature has risen dramatically during the past century. Combustion of fossil fuels and their subsequent greenhouse gas emissions are thought to be the main contributors to recent changes within the Earth’s ecosystem. The transportation sector and electricity generating power plants are each responsible for approximately one-third of these emissions. Shifting towards a cleaner and renewable resources to generate electricity is believed to omit a big portion of polluting substances. Improvements in vehicles’ fuel efficiency and the introduction of alternative fuels besides strategic plans to control travel demand are among the most promising approaches to alleviate emissions from the transportation sector. Recent technology advancements, however, drew much attention to the production and manufacturing of alternative fuel vehicles, electric vehicles in particular. Since these vehicles use electricity as part of or all their powertrain, assessing the amount of emissions they produce is closely tied to the cleanliness of the electricity source. In order for a valid comparison to be made between internal combustion and electric vehicles, hence, a life cycle assessment procedure needs to be followed from production stages to terminal life of vehicles. Involvement of numerous affecting factors during the lifetime of a vehicle on one hand, and the ambiguity in the exact source of electricity used to charge electric vehicles on the other hand bring about more complexities. The latter case is more commonly known as the marginal grid problem, which deals with how a combination of sources used to generate electricity can influence the life cycle emissions. There are also other concerns regarding the growth in fuel-efficient and electric vehicles. Transportation planners argue that new developments in the vehicle industry may attract more people to owning and driving cars. This phenomenon which is better known as a rebound effect not only will result in increased traffic congestion, but it can also outpace the environmental benefits from utilizing electric vehicles. Moreover, since fuel taxes comprise the majority of Highway Trust Funds, alternative ways to compensate for state and federal revenues should be devised. This paper is an attempt to review the existing literature to better elaborate on the role of the transportation sector in controlling climate change threats. More specifically, issues around the use of electric vehicles and how they can contribute to more environmentally friendly communities are discussed.

Automobile Fuel Economy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Standards

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grady Killeen ◽  
Arik Levinson
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Automotive Fuel ◽  
History Of

In March 2017, EPA Administrator Scott Pruitt reopened an evaluation of the automotive fuel economy and greenhouse gas emissions standards that the EPA had finalized in January. This case provides a history of the rules, along with assessments of their costs and benefits. It addresses numerous debates, including the environmental benefits of the rules, the role of electric vehicles, whether the standards should be less strict for larger cars, and tradeoffs between fuel economy and safety.

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