Magnetic field-modulated photo-thermo-electric effect in Fe/GaAs film

2015 ◽  
Vol 107 (18) ◽  
pp. 182402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Qiao ◽  
Jihong Liu ◽  
Guoying Yan ◽  
Jianhua Zhao ◽  
Xinhui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Gaas Film ◽  
Thermo Electric ◽  
Electric Effect

scholarly journals The hall effect in liquid electrolytes

1913 ◽  
Vol 88 (606) ◽  
pp. 588-604 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Hall Effect ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Metal Plate ◽  
Satisfactory Explanation ◽  
Thermo Electric ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Thin Metal Plate

The distortion of the lines of flow of an electric current in a thin metal plate by the action of a magnetic field was discovered in 1879. Hall attributed this to the action of the magnetic field on the molecular currents in the metal film, which were deflected to one side or the other and accompanied by a corresponding twist of the equipotential lines. This explanation did not pass without criticism, and another theory of the effect found by Hall was published in 1884. In that paper the author seeks to explain the effect by assuming a combination of certain mechanical strains and Peltier effects, a thermo-electric current being set up between the strained and the unstrained portions. The effect of such strain was to produce a reverse effect in some metals, and these were precisely the metals for which the Hall effect was found to reverse. Aluminium was the only exception. In other respects, however, as shown by Hall in a later paper, Bidwell's theory did not stand the test of experiment, and the results lend no support to his theory, while they are in complete accordance withe the explanation that the molecular currents are disturbed by the action of the magnetic field. On the electron theory of metallic conduction, the mechanism of the Hall effect is more obvious, but at present no satisfactory explanation of the reversal found in some metals is known. Further experiments have made it clear that there is a real deflection of the elementary currents, due to the application of the magnetic field, independent of any effect due to strain.

Magnetic field enhanced detection of coherent phonons in a GaMnAs/GaAs film

2020 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenden A. Magill ◽  
Sunil Thapa ◽  
Jade Holleman ◽  
Stephen McGill ◽  
Hiro Munekata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Gaas Film ◽  
Coherent Phonons

Improvement of the magneto-electric effect of composites loaded with different magnetic particles for current sensor applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 10901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud El Mouden ◽  
Fouad Belhora ◽  
Yassine Tabbai ◽  
Abdelowahed Hajjaji ◽  
Abdessamad El Ballouti
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Flexible Substrate ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Homogeneous Solution ◽  
Dimethyl Formamide ◽  
Electric Response ◽  
Electric Effect

This article proposes a methodology to improve the magneto-electric effect of a poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) P(VDF-TrFe) copolymer, doped with nanoparticles of nickel (Ni) and nickel iron (NiFe). The preparation of the composite films were achieved through the solvent casting approach. First, P(VDF-TrFe) powders and (Ni and NiFe) nanoparticles are dispersed in dimethyl formamide (DMF) as a solvent to form a homogeneous solution. Then, the solution obtained is deposited on a flexible substrate by a spin coating process. After that, the NiFe doped composites are corona polarized, to improve the magneto-electric response of these composites. The purpose of this work is to investigate the influence of the magnetic charges added in the P(VDF-TrFe) copolymer, and to reveal the effect of corona charging (polarization) on the magneto-electric behavior of the used composites. The obtained results in this article show that both the doping and the electric polarization (piezo coefficient) significantly affect the generated alternating current during the application of an alternating magnetic field. However, the magneto-electric response of composites increases by doping and charging via corona poling effect and also by increasing the excitation frequency and the magnetic field amplitude. In addition, the magneto-electric responses of all composites after corona polarization were also discussed. This indicates that the magneto-electric coefficient and the current can be increased with polarized composites. A good response is observed for P(VDF-TrFe) + 3% Ni with a piezoelectric coefficient d33 = 21.2 (pC/N)

scholarly journals V. The radio-micrometer

1889 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 159-186 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Strong Magnetic Field ◽  
Great Improvement ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Electric Circuit ◽  
Radiant Heat ◽  
Preliminary Note ◽  
Thermo Electric

In the preliminary note on the Radio-micrometer which I had the honour to present to the Royal Society last year (1887), I promised to complete, as far as I might be able, the development of the instrument, and, in case of any great improvement in the proportions of the parts, to exhibit an instrument in the improved form. In the present paper I have shown how the best sizes of the several parts may be determined, and how the best result may be attained. I must, however, first refer to the fact that on February 5, 1886, M. d’Arsonval showed, at a meeting of the Physical Society of France, an instrument called by him the Thermo-galvanometer, with which mine is in all essential respects identical. The invention of an instrument for measuring radiant heat, in which one junction of a closed thermo-electric circuit suspended in a strong magnetic field is exposed to radiation, is due entirely to M. d’Arsonval, and I need hardly say that it was in ignorance of the fact that he had preceded me that my communication was made to the Royal Society. As soon as I became acquainted with M. d’Arsonval’s work, I took the earliest opportunity of admitting his claim to priority (see ‘Nature,’ vol. 35, p. 549).

On the thermo-electric power of metals

1955 ◽  
Vol 228 (1175) ◽  
pp. 568-574 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Alkali Metals ◽  
Phonon Scattering ◽  
Opposite Sign ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
Lattice Distribution ◽  
Thermo Electric ◽  
The One ◽  
Electric Effect ◽  
Electron Phonon Scattering

Makinson’s extension of Wilson’s treatment of the second-order effects in metals is used to derive an expression for the contribution of the lattice current to the thermo-electric power of metals at those temperatures where electron-phonon scattering predominates. It is found that in this temperature region one may expect the thermo-electric effect to show a sign opposite to the one which follows from the simple electron theory of metals. This is because the term due to the departure from equilibrium of the lattice distribution is larger than the usual term and is of opposite sign. If the temperature is greatly decreased or increased, the usual term predominates. The effect discussed may have a bearing on the behaviour of the thermo-electric power of the alkali metals, although it cannot explain this behaviour completely.

Flexible Electrode Structures for Thermo-Tunneling Applications

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eniko T. Enikov ◽  
Carlos Gamez ◽  
Shezaan Kanjiyani ◽  
Mahdi Ganji ◽  
Joshua Gill
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Flexible Structures ◽  
Tunneling Current ◽  
Hot Electrons ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Small Current ◽  
Thermo Electric ◽  
Asymmetric Mode

Combined thermionic emission and tunneling of hot electrons (thermo-tunneling) has emerged as a potential new solid-state cooling technology. Practical implementation of thermo-tunneling, however, requires the formation of a nanometer-sized gap spanning macroscopically significant surfaces. Thermo-tunneling of hot electrons across a few-nanometer gap has application to vacuum electronics, flat panel displays, and holds great potential in thermo-electric cooling and energy generation. Development of new thermo-tunneling applications requires creation of a stable nanometer gap between two surfaces. This presentation is focused on our effort to investigate the feasibility of creating such gaps using distributed electro-magnetic forces arising in thin-film flexible structures. Early efforts based on rigid electrodes showed that the effective tunneling approaches 400 square-micrometers, which albeit small, could lead to useful practical systems. In this presentation, we report a theoretical and experimental investigation of a thin-electrode system which could lead to further increase on the effective tunneling area. The device under study consists of a thin membrane collector electrode (anode) suspended over the emitting electrode (cathode). The structure is placed in a vacuum enclosure with an externally generated magnetic field perpendicular to the current flow in the membrane. The resulting Lorentz force is then directed upwards, separating the two surfaces. A mathematical model of the steady-state operation of the device is presented along with predictions of the contact area and tunneling current. Essential output parameters of the model include a central contact area measured by its length (delta) and the thermo-tunneling current. Both parameters are determined as a function of the externally applied external potential and magnetic field. Numerical solutions of the model show two possible operating modes: (1) symmetric deformation with negligibly small current; and (2) asymmetric mode where the B-field controls the current and contact area.

A Study of Bismuth Induced Levels in CZT Using TEES/TSC

2009 ◽  
Vol 1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raji Soundararajan ◽  
Kelly A. Jones ◽  
Santosh Swain ◽  
Kelvin Lynn
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Ionization Energy ◽  
Radiation Detector ◽  
Radiation Detectors ◽  
Thermal Ionization ◽  
Thermo Electric ◽  
High Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Deep Donor ◽  
Defect Levels ◽  
Electric Effect

AbstractConsidering the desirable effects of doping CdTe with heavy elements like Bi, we have grown a Cadmium Zinc Telluride (Zn=10%) ingot with Bi (doping levels ∼1014 to 1015 at/cm3) as the heavy element dopant for use as a room temperature radiation detector, using the Bridgman method. In-spite of a high bulk resitivity (∼1010?cm), and the ability to hold high electric field (>2000 V/cm), these lightly doped crystals had a poor spectral resolution for the Co-57 photo peaks and ??e measurements were so low that these measurement were not reliable. Thermo electric effect spectroscopy (TEES) and thermally stimulated current (TSC) experiments on samples C and F (single crystals close to the tip and the heel of the ingot respectively) have revealed various defect levels in the band gap. Among these defect levels, we have identified and characterized two Bi-related deep levels namely a deep donor level L5 (thermal ionization energy: 0.33[5] to 0.39[5] eV and trap cross-section: 7.1[5] × 10-17 to 2.54 [5] × 10-16 cm2), and a deep acceptor level L8 (thermal ionization energy of 0.82 [5] eV and trap cross-section of 2.59 [5] × 10-12 cm2). These levels were responsible for the observed high electrical resistivity (∼1010 ?*cm) in the CdZnTe samples. From a comparison to studies on Bi doped CdTe samples, level L8 was tentatively associated with the (0/-) transition of (BiCd- - OTe) complex, however is still under study. Since these defect levels also act as trapping centers for charge carriers, in spite of the semi-insulating behavior the samples are poor radiation detectors.

scholarly journals On the electric effect of rotating a dielectric in a magnetic field.

1904 ◽  
Vol 73 (488-496) ◽  
pp. 490-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Albert Wilson ◽  
Joseph John Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electromotive Force ◽  
Electric Effect ◽  
Lines Of Force

It was shown by Faraday in 1831 that an electromotive force is induced in a conductor when it moves in a magnetic field so as to cut the lines of force. The object of the experiments described in this paper was to see if a similar electromotive force is induced in a dielectric when it moves in a magnetic field.

Conductivity and Thermo-Electric Effect in Cuprous Oxide

Nature ◽  
1949 ◽  
Vol 164 (4165) ◽  
pp. 346-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. N. Greenwood ◽  
J. S. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Cuprous Oxide ◽  
Thermo Electric ◽  
Electric Effect
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