scholarly journals The Application of Visual Environmental Economics in the Study of Public Preference and Urban Greenspace

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Laing ◽  
Anne-Marie Davies ◽  
David Miller ◽  
Anna Conniff ◽  
Stephen Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Economic ◽  
Environmental Economics ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computer Models ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Public Preference ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Urban Greenspace ◽  
Physical Variables

Urban greenspace has consistently been argued to be of great importance to the wellbeing, health, and daily lives of residents and users. This paper reports results from a study that combined the visualisation of public results from a study that combined the visualisation of public greenspace with environmental economics, and that aimed to develop a method by which realistic computer models of sites could be used within preference studies. As part of a methodology that employed contingent rating to establish the values placed on specific greenspace sites, three-dimensional computer models were used to produce visualisations of particular environmental conditions. Of particular importance to the study was the influence of variables including lighting, season, time of day, and weather on the perception of respondents. This study followed previous work that established a suitable approach to the modelling and testing of entirely moveable physical variables within the built environment. As such, the study has established firmly that computer-generated visualisations are appropriate for use within environmental economic surveys, and that there is potential for a holistic range of attributes to be included in such studies.

Simulating Self-Regeneration and Self-Replication Processes Using Movable Cellular Automata with a Mutual Equilibrium Neighborhood

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 741-757
Author(s):  
Kateryna Hazdiuk ◽  
◽  
Volodymyr Zhikharevich ◽  
Serhiy Ostapov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computer Models ◽  
The Self ◽  
Model Construction ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Movable Cellular Automata ◽  
Self Replication

This paper deals with the issue of model construction of the self-regeneration and self-replication processes using movable cellular automata (MCAs). The rules of cellular automaton (CA) interactions are found according to the concept of equilibrium neighborhood. The method is implemented by establishing these rules between different types of cellular automata (CAs). Several models for two- and three-dimensional cases are described, which depict both stable and unstable structures. As a result, computer models imitating such natural phenomena as self-replication and self-regeneration are obtained and graphically presented.

A Three-Dimensional Analysis of Thermohydrodynamic Performance of Sector-Shaped, Tilting-Pad Thrust Bearings

1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 406-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Woong Kim ◽  
Masato Tanaka ◽  
Yukio Hori
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Analysis ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Thrust Bearings ◽  
Tilting Pad ◽  
Dimensional Variation ◽  
Lubricant Viscosity

The thermohydrodynamic performance of the bearing is analyzed, taking into account the three-dimensional variation of lubricant viscosity and density. The effect of pivot position and operating and environmental conditions on the performance is studied. The present analysis is compared with the isoviscous or the two-dimensional analysis, and is found to predict the bearing performance more accurately.

scholarly journals Horizontal-vertical movement relationships: Adélie penguins forage continuously throughout provisioning trips

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javed Riaz ◽  
Sophie Bestley ◽  
Simon Wotherspoon ◽  
Louise Emmerson
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Optimal Foraging ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Vertical Movement ◽  
Foraging Activity ◽  
Directed Movement ◽  
Vertical Movements ◽  
Movement Trajectories ◽  
Adélie Penguins

Abstract Background Diving marine predators forage in a three-dimensional environment, adjusting their horizontal and vertical movement behaviour in response to environmental conditions and the spatial distribution of prey. Expectations regarding horizontal-vertical movements are derived from optimal foraging theories, however, inconsistent empirical findings across a range of taxa suggests these behavioural assumptions are not universally applicable. Methods Here, we examined how changes in horizontal movement trajectories corresponded with diving behaviour and marine environmental conditions for a ubiquitous Southern Ocean predator, the Adélie penguin. Integrating extensive telemetry-based movement and environmental datasets for chick-rearing Adélie penguins at Béchervaise Island, we tested the relationships between horizontal move persistence (continuous scale indicating low [‘resident’] to high [‘directed’] movement autocorrelation), vertical dive effort and environmental variables. Results Penguins dived continuously over the course of their foraging trips and lower horizontal move persistence corresponded with less intense foraging activity, likely indicative of resting behaviour. This challenges the traditional interpretation of horizontal-vertical movement relationships based on optimal foraging models, which assumes increased residency within an area translates to increased foraging activity. Movement was also influenced by different environmental conditions during the two stages of chick-rearing: guard and crèche. These differences highlight the strong seasonality of foraging habitat for chick-rearing Adélie penguins at Béchervaise Island. Conclusions Our findings advance our understanding of the foraging behaviour for this marine predator and demonstrates the importance of integrating spatial location and behavioural data before inferring habitat use.

scholarly journals Primary School Teachers’ Views on the Preparation and Usage of Authentic Material

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülay Bedir ◽  
Özlem Yesim Özbek
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Instructional Materials ◽  
Traditional Teaching ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Primary School Teachers ◽  
Content Analysis Method ◽  
Qualitative Pattern

The students of primary school, secondary school, high school and university confront a vast array of stimulants along with the developing technology in their daily lives. With the classroom environment’s lack of rich stimulus, it is difficult to get the students’ attention using traditional teaching methods. If teachers choose both technological materials and two-three dimensional materials and use them effectively, lessons will be more understandable to the students. The objective of this research is to record the opinion of primary school teachers about the preparation and usage of educational materials. The research was methodized by employing a qualitative pattern. The working group consists of 106 teachers who attended the Instructional Materials Seminar in Aksaray, Turkey. A semi-structured interview form was used to collect the data of this research. The research data was analyzed by using a content analysis method (specifically, the Phenomenological pattern). Teachers stated that it is of primary importance to use materials for concretizing topics and easier and permanent learning. The most important problems for teachers during preparation of materials are listed as a lack of time, money, equipment and knowledge. All the teachers who attended the research stated that it is necessary to prepare materials in all professions but it is especially important for Mathematics. Teachers also stated that materials that students can touch and see help most while teaching abstract topics.

Estimation of Suitable Groundwater Safe Yield under the Unusually Constraints of Environmental Conditions in Taipei Basin, Taiwan

2012 ◽  
Vol 212-213 ◽  
pp. 399-406
Author(s):  
C.H. Lee ◽  
Kuan Wei Chen ◽  
Jung Nan Chang ◽  
Wei Ping Chen ◽  
Jung Wei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Land Subsidence ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Soil Liquefaction ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Liquefaction Potential ◽  
Safe Yield ◽  
Taipei Basin ◽  
Groundwater Management Model

The Taipei Basin in Taiwan is an extremely special case under the constraints of environmental conditions. Pumping of groundwater in the basin was banned in 1968 due to the land subsidence. Since then, groundwater level in the Taipei basin has risen over the years and the land subsidence has also stopped. However, due to the continuous rise of groundwater level, the soil liquefaction potential of saturated sand soil strata has increased. Thus, the groundwater in Taipei basin should be controlled based on the suitable groundwater level to reduce the possibility of land subsidence or soil liquefaction. This study proposes a novel performance of groundwater management model, which considers the three aspects of safe yield, soil liquefaction, and land subsidence. In this process, a three-dimensional groundwater numerical model is primarily established with MODFLOW, and the safe yield and groundwater level are deduced through the Hill method. The second part requires an estimation of the soil liquefaction potential by applying the Seed97 method. The third part of the process includes an estimation of the subsidence of sand by adopting the Ishihara method and the subsidence of clay blanket through the Terazaghi method. Finally, combine the limited groundwater level through the application of the said methods, the proper scope for the level of groundwater in the Taipei Basin is then estimated. Hence, the maximum amount of groundwater that can be pumped could be estimated based on the suitable lower limit of groundwater level, and the minimum amount of groundwater that can be pumped could be estimated based on the suitable upper limit of groundwater level. The study result indicates the central region in the basin has a high potential of soil liquefaction, while the periphery of the basin has a high potential for land subsidence. In consideration of three environmental limited constraints, namely, safe yield of groundwater, soil liquefaction, and land subsidence, could estimate the maximum groundwater amount that can be generated per annum is about 0.77x109m3 to 1.03x109m3, while the minimum groundwater amount per annum is about 0.53x 109m3 to 0.71x109m3.

Biomechanical Applications of Computers in Engineering Education

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Schonning
Keyword(s):  
Communication Skills ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computer Models ◽  
Computer Aided Engineering ◽  
Engineering Curriculum ◽  
Report Writing ◽  
Engineering Software ◽  
Technical Report ◽  
Computer Aided

This paper discusses integration of biomechanical research in the undergraduate mechanical engineering curriculum. The projects presented emphasize the use of computers and computer-aided engineering software. Two different projects are discussed. The first project involves generation of three-dimensional computer models of the bones of the lower limb, and the second project the generation of three-dimensional computer models of the shoulder to be used in developing an implant. Through these projects the students learned specialized computer-aided engineering software tools and also enhanced their communication skills through technical report writing and presenting a paper at a conference.

An Evaluation of a Coast Guard “Live-Aboard” Concept: Can Crews Adapt to a Restricted Living and Operational Environment?

1994 ◽  
Vol 38 (14) ◽  
pp. 873-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio B. Carvalhais ◽  
Donald I. Tepas ◽  
Michael J. Paley
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Operational Environment ◽  
United States Coast Guard ◽  
Present Evaluation

The present evaluation was conducted to assess whether crews can cope and adapt to a restricted living and work environment. Two United States Coast Guard small boat stations with similar environmental conditions, mission profiles, and workload levels were selected for this evaluation. At one station, shore-side facilities were replaced with a 50-foot live-aboard boat (NORCREW). The second station, maintained shore-side facilities (COMP). Survey and daily log data on human factors variables, which have been used to predict adaptation to work environments, were collected from 18 crew members. Analysis of these data did not reveal any significant adverse psychophysiological effects associated with the live-aboard concept. Data revealed time-of-day effects consistent with conventional thought and chronobiological theory which leads the authors to conclude that the live aboard concept does not appear to disrupt circadian cycles. Overall, the consistent failure to detect any differences between NORCREW and COMP on human factors variables clearly suggests that further consideration of this concept is warranted.

scholarly journals Visualizing Vertebrate Embryos with Episcopic 3D Imaging Techniques

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1423-1437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan H. Geyer ◽  
Timothy J. Mohun ◽  
Wolfgang J. Weninger
Keyword(s):  
3D Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computer Models ◽  
Hereditary Diseases ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Generation ◽  
Volume Data ◽  
Vertebrate Embryos ◽  
Technical Principles

The creation of highly detailed, three-dimensional (3D) computer models is essential in order to understand the evolution and development of vertebrate embryos, and the pathogenesis of hereditary diseases. A still-increasing number of methods allow for generating digital volume data sets as the basis of virtual 3D computer models. This work aims to provide a brief overview about modern volume data–generation techniques, focusing on episcopic 3D imaging methods. The technical principles, advantages, and problems of episcopic 3D imaging are described. The strengths and weaknesses in its ability to visualize embryo anatomy and labeled gene product patterns, specifically, are discussed.

The influence of stratigraphy on the Variation in geotechnical properties of the offshore Quaternary succession, Scotland

1991 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. Bone ◽  
D. Long ◽  
M. S. Stoker
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Geotechnical Properties ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Quaternary Sediments ◽  
Quaternary Deposits ◽  
Offshore Area ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Three Dimensional Structure ◽  
Geotechnical Studies

AbstractEvidence is presented to show the influence that Sedimentation patterns and environmental conditions have had on the geotechnical properties of Quaternary Sediments in the Scottish offshore area. An understanding of the three-dimensional structure of the Quaternary deposits greatly aids regional geotechnical studies which need to be undertaken before evaluating site specific problems.

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