Distribution and estimates of Australia's identified energy commodity resources

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Barry E. Bradshaw ◽  
Meredith L. Orr ◽  
Tom Bernecker
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Energy Provider

Australia is endowed with abundant, high-quality energy commodity resources, which provide reliable energy for domestic use and underpin our status as a major global energy provider. Australia has the world’s largest economic uranium resources, the third largest coal resources and substantial conventional and unconventional natural gas resources. Since 2015, Australia’s gas production has grown rapidly. This growth has been driven by a series of new liquefied natural gas (LNG) projects on the North West Shelf, together with established coal seam gas projects in Queensland. Results from Geoscience Australia’s 2021 edition of Australia’s energy commodity resources assessment highlight Australia’s endowment with abundant and widely distributed energy commodity resources. Knowledge of Australia’s existing and untapped energy resource potential provides industry and policy makers with a trusted source of data to compare and understand the value of these key energy commodities to domestic and world markets. A key component of Australia’s low emissions future will be the development of a hydrogen industry, with hydrogen being produced either through electrolysis of water using renewable energy resources (‘green’ hydrogen), or manufactured from natural gas or coal gasification, with carbon capture and storage of the co-produced carbon dioxide (‘blue’ hydrogen). Australia’s endowment with abundant natural gas resources will be a key enabler for our transition to a low emissions future through providing economically competitive feedstock for ‘blue’ hydrogen.

An initial assessment of the potential environmental impact of CO2 escape from marine carbon capture and storage systems

2009 ◽  
Vol 223 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Blackford ◽  
N Jones ◽  
R Proctor ◽  
J Holt ◽  
S Widdicombe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
North West ◽  
Environmental Perturbation ◽  
The North ◽  
Marine System ◽  
And Storage

If carbon capture and storage is to be adopted as a CO2 mitigation strategy, it is important to understand the associated risks. The risk analysis consists of several elements such as leakage probability, assessing the strength of environmental perturbation, and quantifying the ecological, economic, and social impacts. Here, the environmental perturbation aspect is addressed by using a marine system model of the North West European Shelf seas to simulate the consequences of CO2 additions such as those that could arise from a failure of geological sequestration schemes. Little information exists to guide the choice of leak scenario and many assumptions are required; for consistency the assumptions err towards greater impact and what would be in likelihood extreme scenarios. The simulations indicate that only the largest leakage scenarios tested are capable of producing perturbations that are likely to have environmental consequences beyond the locality of a leak event. It is shown that, given the available evidence, the chemical perturbation of a sequestration leak, regionally integrated, is likely to be insignificant when compared with that from continued non-mitigated atmospheric CO2 emissions and the subsequent acidification of the marine system. The potential ecological impacts of a large environmental CO2 perturbation are reviewed, indicating that the biogeochemical functioning and biodiversity are sensitive. The key unknowns that must be addressed in future research are identified; namely, the fine scale dispersion of CO2 and the ability of ecological systems to recover from perturbation.

scholarly journals Review of Energy Efficiency of the Gas Production Technologies From Gas Hydrate-Bearing Sediments

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Yamamoto ◽  
Sadao Nagakubo
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Energy Return On Investment ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Project Life

Even in the carbon-neutral age, natural gas will be valuable as environment-friendly fuel that can fulfill the gap between the energy demand and supply from the renewable energies. Marine gas hydrates are a potential natural gas source, but gas production from deposits requires additional heat input owing to the endothermic nature of their dissociation. The amount of fuel needed to produce a unit of energy is important to evaluate energy from economic and environmental perspectives. Using the depressurization method, the value of the energy return on investment or invested (EROI) can be increased to more than 100 for the dissociation process and to approximately 10 or more for the project life cycle that is comparable to liquefied natural gas (LNG) import. Gas transportation through an offshore pipeline from the offshore production facility can give higher EROI than floating LNG; however, the latter has an advantage of market accessibility. If the energy conversion from methane to hydrogen or ammonia at the offshore facility and carbon capture and storage (CCS) can be done at the production site, problems of carbon dioxide emission and market accessibility can be solved, and energy consumption for energy conversion and CCS should be counted to estimate the value of the hydrate resources.

US gas pipeline shortage may drive energy diversity

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
South Texas ◽  
Content Type ◽  
North West ◽  
Natural Gas Pipeline ◽  
North East ◽  
The North

Subject The effects of natural gas pipeline supply constraints in the US North-east. Significance The shale 'revolution' has caused a sharp rise in US natural gas production, but it has been located in areas without gas infrastructure. Production has been concentrated along the Gulf Coast, and the pipeline network is oriented from that region to the North-east and Pacific North-west. Newer areas of energy production, such as Bakken in North Dakota, Eagle Ford in South Texas, and Marcellus in Appalachia, have poor connections to major markets, and constraints have led to pricing spikes in the North-east. Impacts The majority of proposed pipelines for the next several years target areas in the upper Midwest, Mid-Atlantic, and South-east markets. Manufacturers in the North-east will face competitive disadvantage from paying the highest energy costs in North America. Pipeline constraints will not dampen enthusiasm for liquefied natural gas (LNG) exports, especially out of West Coast ports.

scholarly journals Low carbon renewable natural gas production from coalbeds and implications for carbon capture and storage

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaixing Huang ◽  
Christine Sednek ◽  
Michael A. Urynowicz ◽  
Hongguang Guo ◽  
Qiurong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Natural Gas Production ◽  
Renewable Natural Gas ◽  
And Storage

Bayesian inversion of gravimetric data and assessment of CO2 dissolution in the Utsira Formation

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. SP1-SP10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Louise Hauge ◽  
Odd Kolbjørnsen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Spatial Uncertainty ◽  
Bayesian Inversion ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
The North ◽  
Gravimetric Data ◽  
The Impact

Offshore gravimetric monitoring has been introduced as a complement to seismic monitoring of fields with moving fluids. The Sleipner field in the North Sea is a fully operational carbon capture and storage facility, where [Formula: see text] is injected for storage. Gravimetric measurements are one of the geophysical monitoring methods applied, and the data have been used to estimate the in situ density and dissolution of the [Formula: see text]. We defined a Bayesian inversion of gravimetric data, and we used this to analyze gravimetric data at Sleipner field. In our approach, we included spatial uncertainty in the model and performed a Bayesian analysis of the in situ [Formula: see text] density and dissolution. We also analyzed the impact of mass changes due to gas production from the Ty Formation. Our estimates were comparable with published results.

‘Back to the Future' A review of Australian reservation and other natural gas export control policies

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 505
Author(s):  
James Plumb
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Export Market ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gas Market ◽  
The Government ◽  
Regulatory Controls ◽  
Land Reserve

Despite record levels of domestic production, forecasters are predicting that the east coast Australian gas market will remain tight in 2019. The introduction of the Australian Domestic Gas Security Mechanism (ADGSM) by the Federal Government in 2017, and the proposal announced by the Australian Labour Party (ALP) to bolster the mechanism, have again thrust the issue of political intervention in the export gas market into sharp focus. This paper provides an overview of the current regulatory intervention at the state and federal level, and looks back at the history of controls imposed upon the Australian gas export market. The paper is divided into two parts: Part 1, which looks at current regulatory controls engaged by various State and Federal governments: (a) the development and implementation of the ADGSM; (b) the development and implementation of the Queensland Government’s Prospective Gas Production Land Reserve policy (PGPLR); and (c) the Government of Western Australia’s (WA Government) domestic gas policy. The paper also reviews policy announcements made by the ALP in the lead up to the 2019 Federal election. Part 2 provides a broad overview of the history of controls on gas exports in Australia, from the embargo on exports from the North West Shelf between 1973 and 1977, through the increasing liberalisation of Australian energy policy during the 1980s and 1990s (and the associated conflict with state concerns of ensuring sufficiency of the domestic supply of gas), up to the removal of federal controls on resources exports (including liquefied natural gas) in 1997.

scholarly journals Investigation of Biomass Efficiency Assessment Methods of Open Green Areas for Sustainable Cities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmetali AK ◽  
◽  
Aslı GÜNEŞ GÖLBEY ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
And Storage

One of the most important environmental problems in today's world is climate change caused by greenhouse gases. Due to the increase in CO2 emissions from greenhouse gases, climate change is increasing and moving towards the point of no return. In this process, many ideas have been developed to combat climate change. One of these ideas is that cities should be sustainable. In order for cities to be sustainable, activities such as expanding the use of renewable energy resources in cities, increasing green and environmentally friendly transportation, improving air quality, and minimizing carbon emissions should be carried out. In this context, open green areas have important effects in terms of improving air quality, reducing the heat island effect in cities and especially keeping carbon emissions to a minimum. Thus, the efficiency and productivity of carbon capture and storage of green areas come to the fore. There are several methods to measure the carbon capture and storage efficiency of green areas and to evaluate their efficiency. In this study, the methods used in determining open green areas in cities and evaluating biomass productivity in these areas will be examined.

scholarly journals Scaling up: Renewable energy on Aboriginal lands in north west Australia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad Riley
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Small Community ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
Aboriginal Lands

This paper examines renewable energy developments on Aboriginal lands in North-West Western Australia at three scales. It first examines the literature developing in relation to large scale renewable energy projects and the Native Title Act (1993)Cwlth. It then looks to the history of small community scale standalone systems. Finally, it examines locally adapted approaches to benefit sharing in remote utility owned networks. In doing so this paper foregrounds the importance of Aboriginal agency. It identifies Aboriginal decision making and economic inclusion as being key to policy and project development in the 'scaling up' of a transition to renewable energy resources in the North-West.

scholarly journals Economic Conditions for Developing Hydrogen Production Based on Coal Gasification with Carbon Capture and Storage in Poland

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 5074
Author(s):  
Radosław Kaplan ◽  
Michał Kopacz
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Free Cash Flow ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Capital Expenditures ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
And Storage

This study documents the results of economic assessment concerning four variants of coal gasification to hydrogen in a shell reactor. That assessment has been made using discounting methods (NPV: net present value, IRR: internal rate of return), as well as indicators based on a free cash flow to firm (FCFF) approach. Additionally, sensitivity analysis has been carried out, along with scenario analysis in current market conditions concerning prices of hard coal, lignite, hydrogen and CO2 allowances, as well as capital expenditures and costs related to carbon capture and storage (CCS) systems. Based on NPV results, a negative economic assessment has been obtained for all the analyzed variants varying within the range of EUR −903 to −142 million, although the variants based on hard coal achieved a positive IRR (5.1–5.7%) but lower than the assumed discount rates. In Polish conditions, the gasification of lignite seems to be unprofitable, in the assumed scale of total investment outlays and the current price of coal feedstock. The sensitivity analyses indicate that at least a 20% increase of hydrogen price would be required, or a similar reduction of capital expenditures (CAPEX) and costs of operation, for the best variant to make NPV positive. Analyses have also indicated that on the economic basis, only the prices of CO2 allowances exceeding EUR 40/Mg (EUR 52/Mg for lignite) would generate savings due to the availability of CCS systems.

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