scholarly journals Review of Energy Efficiency of the Gas Production Technologies From Gas Hydrate-Bearing Sediments

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Yamamoto ◽  
Sadao Nagakubo
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Energy Return On Investment ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Project Life

Even in the carbon-neutral age, natural gas will be valuable as environment-friendly fuel that can fulfill the gap between the energy demand and supply from the renewable energies. Marine gas hydrates are a potential natural gas source, but gas production from deposits requires additional heat input owing to the endothermic nature of their dissociation. The amount of fuel needed to produce a unit of energy is important to evaluate energy from economic and environmental perspectives. Using the depressurization method, the value of the energy return on investment or invested (EROI) can be increased to more than 100 for the dissociation process and to approximately 10 or more for the project life cycle that is comparable to liquefied natural gas (LNG) import. Gas transportation through an offshore pipeline from the offshore production facility can give higher EROI than floating LNG; however, the latter has an advantage of market accessibility. If the energy conversion from methane to hydrogen or ammonia at the offshore facility and carbon capture and storage (CCS) can be done at the production site, problems of carbon dioxide emission and market accessibility can be solved, and energy consumption for energy conversion and CCS should be counted to estimate the value of the hydrate resources.

Distribution and estimates of Australia's identified energy commodity resources

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Barry E. Bradshaw ◽  
Meredith L. Orr ◽  
Tom Bernecker
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Energy Provider

Australia is endowed with abundant, high-quality energy commodity resources, which provide reliable energy for domestic use and underpin our status as a major global energy provider. Australia has the world’s largest economic uranium resources, the third largest coal resources and substantial conventional and unconventional natural gas resources. Since 2015, Australia’s gas production has grown rapidly. This growth has been driven by a series of new liquefied natural gas (LNG) projects on the North West Shelf, together with established coal seam gas projects in Queensland. Results from Geoscience Australia’s 2021 edition of Australia’s energy commodity resources assessment highlight Australia’s endowment with abundant and widely distributed energy commodity resources. Knowledge of Australia’s existing and untapped energy resource potential provides industry and policy makers with a trusted source of data to compare and understand the value of these key energy commodities to domestic and world markets. A key component of Australia’s low emissions future will be the development of a hydrogen industry, with hydrogen being produced either through electrolysis of water using renewable energy resources (‘green’ hydrogen), or manufactured from natural gas or coal gasification, with carbon capture and storage of the co-produced carbon dioxide (‘blue’ hydrogen). Australia’s endowment with abundant natural gas resources will be a key enabler for our transition to a low emissions future through providing economically competitive feedstock for ‘blue’ hydrogen.

scholarly journals Effect of the Implementation of Carbon Capture Systems on the Environmental, Energy and Economic Performance of the Brazilian Electricity Matrix

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Sanchez Moore ◽  
Luiz Kulay
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Calcium Looping ◽  
Primary Energy Demand ◽  
Cost Of Energy

This study examined the effect of Carbon Capture and Storage units on the environmental, energy and economic performance of the Brazilian electric grid. Four scenarios were established considering the coupling of Calcium Looping (CaL) processes to capture CO2 emitted from thermoelectric using coal and natural gas: S1: the current condition of the Brazilian grid; S2 and S3: Brazilian grid with CaL applied individually to coal (TEC) and gas (TGN) operated thermoelectric; and S4: CaL is simultaneously coupled to both sources. Global warming potential (GWP) expressed the environmental dimension, Primary Energy Demand (PED) was the energy indicator and Levelised Cost of Energy described the economic range. Attributional Life Cycle Assessment for generation of 1.0 MWh was applied in the analysis. None of the scenarios accumulated the best indexes in all dimensions. Regarding GWP, S4 totals the positive effects of using CaL to reduce CO2 from TEC and TGN, but the CH4 emissions increased due to its energy requirements. As for PED, S1 and S2 are similar and presented higher performances than S3 and S4. The price of natural gas compromises the use of CaL in TGN. A combined verification of the three analysis dimensions, proved that S2 was the best option of the series due to the homogeneity of its indices. The installation of CaL in TECs and TGNs was effective to capture and store CO2 emissions, but the costs of this system should be reduced and its energy efficiency still needs to be improved.

scholarly journals Low carbon renewable natural gas production from coalbeds and implications for carbon capture and storage

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaixing Huang ◽  
Christine Sednek ◽  
Michael A. Urynowicz ◽  
Hongguang Guo ◽  
Qiurong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Natural Gas Production ◽  
Renewable Natural Gas ◽  
And Storage

Assessment of Future Sustainable Power Technologies with Carbon Capture and Storage

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Hadjipaschalis ◽  
Costas Christou ◽  
Andreas Poullikkas
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Major Power ◽  
Natural Gas Combined Cycle ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Avoidance Cost

In this work, a technical, economic and environmental analysis concerning the use of three major power generation plant types including pulverized coal, integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) and natural gas combined cycle, with or without carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and storage (CCS) integration, is carried out. For the analysis, the IPP optimization software is used in which the electricity unit cost and the CO2 avoidance cost from the various candidate power generation technologies is calculated. The analysis indicates that the electricity unit cost of IGCC technology with CCS integration is the least cost option with the lowest CO2 avoidance cost of all candidate technologies with CCS integration. Further investigation concerning the effect of the loan interest rate on the economic performance of the candidate plants revealed that up to a value of loan interest of approximately 5.7%, the IGCC plant with CCS retains the lowest electricity unit cost. Above this level, the natural gas combined cycle plant with post-combustion CCS becomes more economically attractive.

scholarly journals Place-based Power Production Deliberations in Saskatchewan: Engaging Future Sustainability 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margot Hurlbert
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Comparative Case Study

Abstract This article reports research results from two day deliberative focus groups in three Saskatchewan communities addressing power production planning, in the context of climate change and sustainability. Mixed methods included pre and post-focus group surveys, coding and analysis of discussions, and the creation by each focus group of a strategy for sustainable power production in the future. Results of comparative case study analysis provide strong support for renewables and illustrate place based differences.All communities strongly supported wind, solar and hydroelectricity. Estevan, located in the south of the province in proximity to coal, oil and gas production and coal power generating plants supported coal, and coal with carbon capture and storage (CCS). Saskatoon (situate in the middle of the province) and Regina (the center of government and between the other two) stressed the importance of engaging the public in decision making, education, providing information, and the importance that all costs, risk, benefits across the entire lifespan of the power production source be considered. In contrast, Estevan was concerned about the cost implications of power production source choice across the entire socio-economic system, including the social cost of job loss on the welfare system. Public participation in decision making in Estevan was not a priority. The reflexivity of the focus groups in Estevan brought closer together divergent views and increased support for coal and coal with CCS.

Why Massive Nuclear Deployment is Essential

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair I. Miller ◽  
Romney B. Duffey
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
World Population ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Reactor Types ◽  
Global Trajectory

Avoiding CO2 emissions while meeting global energy needs is a far greater challenge than most commentators and governments appreciate. Even the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has offered no scenario that would stabilize atmospheric levels. The capacity of the oceans to absorb CO2 is limited to about 40% of the level of emissions in 1990. Shared equitably among the present-day world population, per capita emissions of 35% of the current European average would only return the world to 100% of 1990 emission levels. Yet world population will probably grow by 25% by 2050 and, between 1990 and 2007, global emissions increased by 29%. Our current global trajectory is hurtling us toward ever-higher levels, perhaps even disaster. Consequently, near-zero-emitting sources are the only approaches to energy generation that should be deployed. Nuclear power, with its immense energy density, is the only available source that qualifies for widespread deployment. Existing alternative options are not and cannot effectively contribute (see e.g. MacKay, 2008). The weakness in wind is the need for back-up and supplementation, not so much from its short-term fickleness but its seasonal variability. Carbon capture and storage would have to achieve far higher levels of capture than currently seem feasible. Hydroelectricity has limited remaining potential as well as needing careful deployment to avoid collateral emissions. Aggressive conservation and efficiency measures reduce but do not solve the growth in energy demand and usage. Global economic downturns provide temporary relief but huge social political pain, and energy supply security concerns remain unresolved issue for many countries, even today. Of course nuclear alone would face an overwhelming challenge. We shall need to deploy massive improvements in the efficiency with which energy is used. Solar power in various forms has promise and could have a substantial role at lower latitudes in consistently sunny areas though photovoltaic electricity is still a high-cost option. Geothermal and various forms of ocean-derived energy have development potential. However, we argue that worldwide deployment of 5000 to 10 000 nuclear reactors by 2050 is the only clearly accessible pathway to CO2 stabilization that exists today. This will require extension of the resource beyond once-through cycles and so the deployment of advanced reactor types. But it is doable, it is affordable, and our planet must plan to accomplish this deployment.

Perspective Analysis of Emerging Natural Gas-based Technology Options for Electricity Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurbakhash Bhander ◽  
Chun Wai Lee ◽  
Matthew Hakos
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Electrical Generation

Abstract The growing worldwide interest in low carbon electric generation technologies has renewed interest in natural gas because it is considered a cleaner burning and more flexible alternative to other fossil fuels. Recent shale gas developments have increased natural gas production and availability while lowering cost, allowing a shift to natural gas for electricity production to be a cost-effective option. Natural gas generation in the U.S. electricity sector has grown substantially in recent years (over 31 percent in 2012, up from 17 percent in 1990), while carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions of the sector have generally declined. Natural gas-fired electrical generation offers several advantages over other fossil (e. g. coal, oil) fuel-fired generation. The combination of the lower carbon-to-hydrogen ratio in natural gas (compared to other fossil fuels) and the higher efficiency of natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) power plants (using two thermodynamic cycles) than traditional fossil-fueled electric power generation (using a single cycle) results in less CO2 emissions per unit of electricity produced. Furthermore, natural gas combustion results in considerably fewer emissions of air pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and particulate matter (PM). Natural gas is not the main option for deep de-carbonization. If deep reduction is prioritized, whether of the electricity sector or of the entire economy, there are four primary technologies that would be assumed to play a prominent role: energy efficiency equipment, nuclear power, renewable energy, and carbon capture and storage (CCS). However, natural gas with low carbon generation technologies can be considered a “bridge” to transition to these deep decarbonization options. This paper discusses the economics and environmental impacts, focusing on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, associated with alternative electricity production options using natural gas as the fuel source. We also explore pairing NGCC with carbon capture, explicitly examining the costs and emissions of amine absorption, cryogenic carbon capture, carbonate fuel cells, and oxy-combustion.

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