Effect of biochar, zeolite and bentonite feed supplements on egg yield and excreta attributes

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1632 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. P. Prasai ◽  
K. B. Walsh ◽  
D. J. Midmore ◽  
S. P. Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Shell Weight ◽  
Certified Organic

Bond Brown Layer (BBL) pullets (n = 200, 18 weeks old) were randomly assigned to 10 dietary treatments involving biochar, zeolite and bentonite at nil, 1%, 2%, and 4% w/w supplementation of commercial layer feed. Each treatment was applied to four cages, with five birds per cage, a total of 20 birds per treatment. Birds were maintained on these diets for 25 weeks. Feed conversion ratio was significantly improved (P = 0.001) with biochar-supplemented feed compared with the control and other treatments. Average egg weight was also significantly improved in the treatment groups compared with the control; however, shell weight, shell breaking strength, shell thickness, shell deformation and shell reflectivity, and internal egg-quality traits of albumen height and Haugh unit were not consistently different (P > 0.05). Yolk colour score was decreased significantly (P = 0.001) with the use of increased rate of additives. Intestinal villi height and crypt depth were increased on amended diets. Egg yield was decreased when birds were placed on a fungal contaminated feed. The feed amendments ameliorated this effect, with the best result achieved on a 2% biochar diet. Improved egg production was also noted under commercial certified organic production conditions trialling 2% biochar feed supplementation compared with the control. Thus, supplementation of feed with biochar, zeolite and bentonite improved production performance traits of egg yield and feed conversion ratio, with these additives potentially acting as detoxifiers or inhibiting growth of microbial pathogens, slowing digestion or altering the gut anatomy and microbiota to improve feed conversion ratio.

scholarly journals Effect of sorghum and methionine supplementation in productive performance and the quality of hatching eggs of two quail strains

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
D. Th. Younis
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Shell Weight ◽  
Yellow Corn

       The aim of the present study was to identify the effect of corn replacement by sorghum and supplementation of methionine during growing and laying periods in productive performance and egg quality of two strains of quail (brown and black). Four hundred and eighty quails (240 of each strain) were used in this study. Birds reared on floor letter in semi opened house distributed into four treatments each with three replicates (20 birds in replicate). Experimental treatments were as follows: T1: fed on yellow corn ration (Control), T2: fed on ration in which  50% of corn replaced by sorghum , T3: fed on ration in which  50% of corn replaced by sorghum and supplemented with 0.2% methionine and T4: fed on ration in which  50% of corn replaced by sorghum and supplemented with 0.4%  methionine . Statistical analysis of data showed no significant differences (P≤0.05) between treatments and strains in live body weight, average weekly weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio dressing percentage and mortality rate. After sexual maturity age no differences were observed between the treatments and strains in egg production HD%, egg weight, feed conversion ratio, egg shape index, shell weight, shell thickness, albumin height, yolk dimension, yolk height, blood glucose, blood triglyceride, blood total protein, blood hemoglobin, ALT and AST enzymes concentration in serum through out of the experimental period which was lasted for 99 days. In conclusion, the results revealed the possibility of 50% sorghum replacement instead of yellow corn without any passive effects on productive performance which reduce the productive costs.                                                                                                        

Performance of broilers and layers supplemented with Moringa stenopetala leaf meal under hot humid tropical conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (17) ◽  
pp. 1987
Author(s):  
Metekia Tamiru ◽  
Shiferaw Ashagrie ◽  
Ashraf Alkhtib ◽  
Minyehun Getachew ◽  
Solomon Demeke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Moringa Stenopetala ◽  
Meat Weight ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Tropical Conditions

Context Heat stress poses a major limit to poultry production. Moringa stenopetala leaf meal (MSL) could be a promising feed additive for poultry raised under heat stress, as it is rich in antioxidants. Aims To determine the effect of (MSL) supplementation on the production and quality of broilers under heat-stress conditions. Methods In the broiler performance trial, 156 1-day old Cobb 500 broilers were assigned to four groups, with each containing three replicates of 13 chicks. For the egg production trial, 108 Bovan Brown layers aged 20 weeks were allocated to four groups, with each containing three replicates of nine hens. The four groups of broiler and layer chicken were supplemented with MSL at a level of 0% (control), 1% (MSL1), 1.5% (MSL1.5) and 2% (MSL2). Relative humidity, and minimum and maximum temperatures were 82%, 13°C and 23°C respectively. The effects of MSL supplementation on growth performance, characteristics of digestive organs, carcass traits, egg production and egg quality were analysed with one-way ANOVA. Key results Moringa stenopetala-leaf supplementation at a level up to 2% (MSL2) did not significantly affect feed intake, weight gain or feed conversion ratio of the birds. Supplemented broilers had a significantly longer large intestine (24% for MSL1, 37% for MSL1.5 and 49% for MSL2) and a heavier pancreas (82% for MSL1, 67% for MSL1.5, and 57% for MSL2) than did the control broilers. Hot and cold carcass weights, dressing yield, dressing percentage, breast-meat weight, drumstick and thigh-meat weights, wing-meat weight, back weight and meat pH were not significantly affected by MSL supplementation. Ash content of meat of the MSL2-fed birds was significantly higher than that of the control birds (3.51% vs 2.74% respectively). Egg production, feed conversion ratio and interior and exterior egg-quality parameters were not significantly affected by MSL supplementation. Intensity of yolk colour was significantly and linearly enhanced due to MSL supplementation (by ~5–8 times compared with the control). Conclusions Supplementation with MSL at a level up to 2% improved yolk colour of Bovan Brown layer eggs, with no effect on meat and egg production. Implications Yolk colour of eggs of layers raised under heat stress can be improved by MSL supplementation at 1%, with there being a minimum increase in the diet cost.

scholarly journals Effect of substitution of groundnut cake with Anthonotha macrophylla seed meal on layer performance and quality of chicken egg

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-225
Author(s):  
C.S. Durunna ◽  
C.M Ezeagu ◽  
C.G Anene ◽  
N.J. Okeudo
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Inclusion Level

Five layer diets were formulated containing 0.5,10, 15 and 20% Anthonotha macrophylla seed meal which replaced equivalent proportion of groundnut cake. One hundred and eighty Babcock brown layers already 3 months in lay were randomized into 5 groups and each group was fed one of the experimental diets for 84 days. The hens were examined for performance using body weight. teed intake, henday egg production, egg weight and feed conversion ratio. The interior quality of Eggs were also assessed. Total feed intake ranged from 9.27 to 10.97kg, average daily feed intake, from 110.32 to 130.54 g/bird/day, hen-day egg production, from 48.88% to 79.11% and feed conversion ratio, from 1.87 to 2.15. Statistical analysis showed that total feed intake,  average daily feed intake and hen - day egg production were similar across the dictary treatments up to the 15% level of inclusion, but were significantly depressed (P<0.05) at the 20% inclusion level.  However, diet had no significant effect on final body weight and average egg weight and feed conversion ration (P>0.05). Similarly results on egg quality showed no significant effect (P>0.05) on albumen index, yolk index, yolk colour, Haugh unit and shell thickness. Based on these results, it was concluded that Anthonotha macrophylla seed meal can be incorporated into layer diets up to 15%, inclusion level without incurring a depression in performance Layer diets containing this meal ingredient had no deleterious effect on egg quality.

scholarly journals Effect of Dwarf and Naked Neck Gene on the Egg Production Performance in Tropics

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-121
Author(s):  
MK Uddin ◽  
M Ahammed ◽  
MR Rahman ◽  
MAR Howlider
Keyword(s):  
Shell Thickness ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Membrane Thickness ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Shell Weight ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Naked Neck

Cocks and pullets from each of 4 genotypes; Redbro (RbRb), Naked neck (NaNa), Redbro dwarf (Rbdw) and Naked neck dwarf (Nadw) were crossed reciprocally for egg production trial. Egg quality (egg weight, egg diameter, egg length, shell thickness, membrane thickness, membrane weight, shell weight, % of shell, yolk color score, albumen diameter, albumen height, yolk diameter and yolk weight) were compared among 4 genotypes. Daily feed intakes, almost related to respected body size were reduced in Rbdw and Nadw hens by 7.41 and 19.89% than in normal sized RbRb hens. The feed conversion and hen day egg production were highest in Rbdw, intermediate in RbRb and Nadw and lowest in NaNa. Naked neck (Na) and dwarf genotypes had favorable effect on egg fertility and hatchability. Parents in both Na and dw inheritance had favorable shell thickness, shell membrane weight (%), albumen height and diameter, yolk height and diameter, albumen weight and albumen weight (%) and yolk weight, while NaNa had highest yolk weight (%). Both egg weight and chick weight percent were highest in RbRb x Rbdw genotypes, followed by RbRb, RbRb x Nadw, RbRb x NaNa, Rbdw x RbRb, Rbdw, Rbdw x Nadw, Rbdw x NaNa, Nadw x RbRb, Nadw x Rbdw, Nadw, Nadw x NaNa, NaNa x RbRb, NaNa x Rbdw, NaNa x Nadw and NaNa respectively. Chick weight as percent of egg weight irrespective of genotype was simply the functions of egg weight.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v18i2.18167 Progress. Agric. 18(2): 115 - 121, 2007

scholarly journals Effects of differences in the initial body weight of groups on laying performance and egg quality parameters of Lohmann laying hens

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 466-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Lacin ◽  
A. Yildiz ◽  
N. Esenbuga ◽  
M. Macit
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Weight Groups

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of different body weight groups (light (L) = 1 400–1 500; medium (M) = 1 500–1 600 and heavy (H) = 1 600 < g) on performance and egg quality traits of Lohmann hens, 24 weeks of age, in different laying periods. A total of 288 Lohmann White layers were allocated randomly to three groups with respect to live weight, each consisting of 24 replicated cages as subgroups, comprising four hens. The study period lasting for 60 weeks was investigated as four different age periods (first period = 24–40 weeks; second period = 40–54 weeks; third period = 54–68 weeks; fourth period = 68–84 weeks). Differences in the initial live weight at the beginning of experiment among the groups continued to the end of experimental period. Considering the egg production, differences among the groups were not significant (<I>P</I> > 0.05) during the experimental period. Egg weight was determined to be lower in the group with low body weight (64.58 g) than in medium (64.97 g) and heavy hen groups (66.30 g). Differences in feed intake and feed conversion ratio among the groups were found significant, and the mean values were 123.93, 127.48 and 130.67 for feed consumption (g/day); 2.23, 2.28 and 2.27 for feed conversion ratio. Except for the feed conversion ratio, the effect of weight groups by age period interaction on performance parameters was significant (<I>P</I> < 0.01). The effects of body weight on shell strength, shell thickness and yolk index were not significant during the experimental period. However, different body weight groups significantly affected shape index, yolk colour, albumen index and Haugh unit parameters. Shell strength, yolk colour and yolk index values were affected by weight groups by age period interaction. In conclusion, Lohmann White hens in the light group in a uniform flock had higher egg production and lower feed conversion ratio values than those of other weight groups.

Utilisation of giant taro (Alocasia macrorrhiza) root meal with or without coconut oil slurry by layers and broilers

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siaka S. Diarra
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Bodyweight Gain ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Poultry Diets

Replacements of maize with Alocasia macrorrhiza root meal (AMRM) with or without added coconut oil slurry (COS) in poultry diets were investigated in a series of two experiments. In Experiment 1, the replacement of maize with two levels (10% and 20%) each of AMRM and AMRM–COS on egg production and egg quality was investigated. Experiment 2 investigated the same treatments as in Experiment 1 on broiler performance. In both experiments, each diet was fed to four replicates of 10 birds in a completely randomised design. There was no marked effect on feed intake (FI) in both experiments (P > 0.05). In Experiment 1, percentage hen-day production and feed conversion ratio were depressed (P < 0.05) on 20% AMRM and egg weight on 10% AMRM, but these depressing effects were overcome by COS addition. Egg mass was significantly (P < 0.05) increased on 20% AMRM–COS compared with the other AMRM groups, but did not differ (P > 0.05) between the control and AMRM–COS. Haugh unit and percentage shell were not affected by the treatment (P > 0.05). In Experiment 2, bodyweight gain was significantly (P < 0.05) reduced with the inclusion of AMRM in the diet, with the lowest gain on 20% AMRM–COS. Feed conversion ratio was adversely affected when AMRM was included at a concentration greater than 10% of dietary maize (P < 0.05). Coconut oil-slurry treatment of the meal did not improve performance. It was concluded that inclusion of AMRM at a concentration greater than 10% dietary maize adversely affects the performance of both layers and broilers. Treatment of AMRM with COS at 9 : 1 overcomes these adverse effects in laying hens, but not in broilers. More research is warranted on the effects of higher concentrations of COS-treated AMRM in the diet on layers, and on processing methods that will improve performance of poultry.

scholarly journals Development of KUB Chicken in South Kalimantan

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Suryana .
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Animal House ◽  
Local Chickens

KUB chicken is a new breed of local chickens as the result of selection by the Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production, Ciawi-Bogor. KUB chicken has been developed in South Kalimantan since early December 2013 at farmers assisted by livestock services in South Kalimantan and animal house belongs to the Assesment Institute of Agricultural Technology (AIAT) South Kalimantan. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the potency, production performance, and development opportunities of KUB chicken in South Kalimantan. KUB chickens have several advantages i.e. high egg production (160-180 eggs/hen/year), low brooding (±10%), faster growth, more savory meat taste, and adaptable to environment. Problems encountered in the development of KUB chicken in South Kalimantan are low hatchbility, expensive feed prices, and susceptible to diseases such as Newcastle Disease (ND) and Avian Influenza. Performance of KUB chicken at small farmers in South Kalimantan include egg production 65-67%, egg weight of 36.12-38.12 g/egg, feed consumption 85-105 g/head, feed conversion ratio 3.8-3.9, eggs fertility ranged between 90.21-92.61%, hatchability of eggs is 79.67-81.80% and DOC weight ranged from 34.50-36.86 g/head. Efforts to prevent diseases are the use of herb medicine, ND vaccination, and biosecurity. Appropriate feed technology, disease prevention and strengthen the marketing network are strategies that should be applied to develop KUB chicken in South Kalimantan. This will lead new job and increase farmers’ income.

scholarly journals Effect of the use of flaked maize in diets with reduced metabolic energy on performance, egg quality, and serum parameters in layer quails

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Osman Olgun ◽  
Esra Tuğçe Şentürk ◽  
Alpönder Yıldız
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
B Value ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Serum Parameters

<b>The research was conducted to determine the effects of substituting raw maize with flaked maize in diets containing different levels of metabolic energy on the performance, egg quality, and serum parameters of layer quails. In the experiment, 120 female quails at ten weeks of age were randomly allocated to six treatment groups with four replicates, each consisting of five quails. The quails were fed six diets, with two forms of maize (raw or flaked) and three metabolic energy levels (2750, 2825 or 2900 (control) kcal/kg) during a ten-week trial. Compared with the control group, reducing the metabolic energy level of the diet to 2750 kcal/kg negatively affected egg production (P < 0,01), egg mass (P < 0,01), feed conversion ratio (P < 0,01), and serum cholesterol concentration (P < 0,05). Eggshell thickness decreased significantly in the group receiving 2750 kcal/kg metabolic energy in the diet, and the yolk b* value increased significantly (P < 0,01). The use of flaked maize in the diets significantly increased egg production (P < 0,05), egg mass (P < 0,05), eggshell thickness (P < 0,05), and yolk L* value (P < 0,01) and significantly decreased the feed conversion ratio (P < 0,05) and b* value of the yolk (P < 0,05). Although the effects of the interactions of the metabolic energy levels and forms of maize on the egg yolk b* value were significant (P < 0,01), this effect was not significant for the other parameters. The results indicate that layer quails can be fed diets containing 2825 kcal/kg metabolic energy and that replacement of raw maize with flaked maize in the diet positively affects performance and egg quality.

scholarly journals Use of faba beans (Vicia faba L.) in diets of laying hens

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erja Koivunen ◽  
Petra Tuunainen ◽  
Eija Valkonen ◽  
Laila Rossow ◽  
Jarmo Valaja
Keyword(s):  
Faba Bean ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Feed Conversion

The study was conducted to evaluate an appropriate inclusion level of locally produced unprocessed or expander-processed coloured flowered faba bean (FB) (cv. ‘Kontu’) seeds in diets for laying hens. Egg production and egg quality variables were determined with 560 hens (Lohmann Selected Leghorn, LSL Classic) in a 40-week continued experiment. The hens were fed one of the five diets containing soybean meal as the main protein source. A diet without FB was served as a control diet. Both unprocessed and expander-processed FB was tested either in proportions of 50 g kg-1 or 100 g kg-1 in the diet. Faba bean inclusion (control vs. FB diets) had no effect on the egg production rate, egg mass production, feed consumption, or feed conversion ratio, but it decreased egg weight (p<0.05). Dietary FB inclusion tended to increase the mortality of the hens (p<0.10). Faba bean processing had no effects on egg production parameters or hen mortality. Daily egg mass production decreased and feed conversion ratio increased when FB proportion increased (from 50 to 100 g kg-1, p<0.05). Faba bean inclusion had no effects on egg exterior quality. It can be concluded that 50 g kg-1 of the FB studied (cv. ‘Kontu’) can be used in the diets of laying hens (LSL Classic) without negative effects on production performance or livability.

scholarly journals Utilization of guava extract as additive antioxidant in diets of Japanese quail breeders (Coturnix japonica)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyara Paula Fleuri XAVIER ◽  
Nadja Susana Mogyca LEANDRO ◽  
Edemilson Cardoso CONCEIÇÃO Da ◽  
Alessandra Gimenez MASCARENHAS ◽  
Emmanuel ARNHOLD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Antioxidant Additive ◽  
Weight Variation

SUMMARY The aim of this study was to evaluate the guava extract as an antioxidant additive in diets of Japanese quail breeders on the performance and egg’s quality. The experiment was conducted at University Federal of Goias. A total of 384 Japanese quail breeders were used, distributed in four treatments, with six replicates, with a total of 12 females and four males in each replicate. The treatments were performed with four levels of guava extract in the diets (0.0%, 0.3%, 0.6% and 0.9%). The guava extract contained the ellagic acid, considered the guava antioxidant active principle. The diets were isonutritive. Feed and water were offered ad libitum. The experimental period was 84 days. Egg production, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, egg mass, body weight variation and egg quality were evaluated. The results were submitted to analysis of variance and regression analysis. The adopted probability was 5%. Egg production, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and egg mass were not influenced by the use of guava extract. The yolk and albumen height, the Haugh Unit and the yolk and albumen index decreased linearly as the levels of guava extract in the diet increased. The diameter of the albumen was higher with the use of 0.48% of guava extract in the diet. The yolk color was affected by the guava extract, presenting a darker color with 0.50% of guava extract in the diet. It was concluded that the guava extract used as an antioxidant additive does not improve the performance and egg quality of Japanese quails.

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