Paths and mechanisms of moisture movements in detached leaves of white clover (Trifolium repens L.)  II. Effects of lamina treatment losses of petiole moisture

Drying rates of laminae and petioles of detached leaves of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) were measured after lamina treatments involving crushing, slitting, and drying in hot or humid air. Lamina transpiration of petiole moisture ceased at a lamina moisture content of approximately 1.5 g moisture per g dry matter (g/g). Delaying the drying of laminae to this level increased the rate of drying of petioles, but only to a petiole moisture content of approximately 4 g/g. Thereafter, lamina transpiration of petiole moisture, if it continued, was alternative to, but no more rapid than, transpiration direct from petiole surfaces. Implications concerning field drying of harvested clover are considered.

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Diffusion pressure deficit and turgidity relationships of detached leaves of Trifolium repens L.

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9640746 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 746 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

W Shepherd

Keyword(s):

White Clover ◽

Trifolium Repens ◽

Moisture Contents ◽

Detached Leaves ◽

Trifolium Repens L

Diffusion pressure deficits (D.P.D.), relative turgidities, and recoverable turgid moisture contents were determined during drying out of laminae and petioles of detached leaves of white clover (Trifolium repens L.). Relationships varied with the type of wilting treatment. Slow, prolonged wilting, such as occurs during field drying for hay, resulted in higher D.P.D.3 and turgid moisture contents, in the later stages of drying, than rapid, brief wilting. The higher deficits account, in part, for the slowness of drying in the later stages of field drying of the species. The changes of deficit and hygroscopicity were not directly related. Possible causes of each are considered.

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Dry matter production of white clover (Trifolium repens L.), Caucasian clover (T. ambiguum M. Bieb.) and their associated hybrids when grown with a grass companion over 3 harvest years

Grass and Forage Science ◽

10.1046/j.1365-2494.2003.00354.x ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 63-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

A. H. Marshall ◽

A. Williams ◽

M. T. Abberton ◽

T. P. T. Michaelson-Yeates ◽

H. G. Powell

Keyword(s):

White Clover ◽

Trifolium Repens ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Dry Matter Production ◽

Matter Production ◽

Trifolium Repens L

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Genotypic evaluation of introduced white clover (Trifolium repens L.) germplasm in New Zealand

Crop and Pasture Science ◽

10.1071/cp16149 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 67 (8) ◽

pp. 897 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Z. Z. Jahufer ◽

J. L. Ford ◽

D. R. W. Woodfield ◽

B. A. Barrett

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

White Clover ◽

Trifolium Repens ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Allelic Variation ◽

Genotypic Variation ◽

Dry Matter Yield ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

F1 Progeny ◽

Trifolium Repens L

Optimal evaluation and use of introduced germplasm for species improvement is an ongoing challenge. Research was conducted to survey a select set of introduced white clover (Trifolium repens L.) germplasm from broad geographic origins to assess their genetic potential, based on F1 crosses to elite New Zealand cultivars. The bulk progeny generated from test crosses to Grasslands cultivars Demand, Sustain and Kopu II were evaluated at Palmerston North under rotational grazing by sheep. The replicated trial consisted of the 26 germplasm accessions, three cultivars used as maternal parents, and 78 F1 bulk progeny breeding lines. Three morphological traits and estimated seasonal dry matter yield were measured over four years. Significant (P < 0.05) genotypic variation was observed for all these traits among the parents and F1 progeny lines. F1 progeny lines with traits values greater than the cultivars were identified. Significant (P < 0.05) genotype-by-season (σ2gs) and genotype-by-year (σ2gy) interactions were estimated for dry matter yield. Principle component analysis of the F1 progeny-by-trait BLUP matrix identified 16 elite progeny lines with mean seasonal dry matter yield equal to or higher than the cultivars. Half of the lines had Demand as the cultivar parent, while only three had Kopu II as a parent. Fourteen of these progeny lines were derived from crosses to Australasian adapted germplasm. This study indicated that choice of adapted cultivar with which to cross is important, and introduced germplasm from Australasia is a valuable source of adaptive variation in these F1 progeny. More complex approaches may be needed to identify and use adaptive allelic variation from germplasm sources beyond Australasia.

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Factors affecting the hydrogen cyanide potential of white clover (Trifolium repens L.)

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9871053 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 38 (6) ◽

pp. 1053 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

PJ Vickery ◽

JL Wheeler ◽

C Mulcahy

Keyword(s):

Light Intensity ◽

White Clover ◽

Trifolium Repens ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Late Pregnancy ◽

Moisture Stress ◽

Early Spring ◽

Cool Temperature ◽

Trifolium Repens L ◽

Phosphorus Application

Pot experiments were used to determine the effects of age, light, temperature, mineral nutrition and wilting on the HCN potential (HCNp ) of white clover (Trifolium repens L.). HCNp, adjusted for pre-expenmental HCNp, was reduced by higher light intensity (505 v. 220 mg HCN kg-1 DM), by increased temperature (408 v. 317 mg HCN kg-1 DM) and by phosphorus application (382 v. 343 mg HCN kg-1 DM). These effects were largely explained by the hypothesis that HCNp diminished as the size and vigour of the plant increased, and the use of dry matter production as a covariate on HCNp removed the significant effects of light, temperature and phosphorus. In two experiments wilting plants prior to harvest increased HCNp by 15 and 24%, and reduced dry matter yield by 9 and 13%. HCNp declined curvilinearly as the white clover aged. The conditions shown to favour high HCNp, namely, immaturity, moisture stress, low light intensity, cool temperature, and inadequate P supply, are those which occur periodically in the late autumn and early spring of temperate climates. Sheep in late pregnancy at this time, could, if white clover comprises a substantial proportion of their diet, experience thiocyanate absorption as a consequence of HCN detoxication and hence increase the risk of goitri to the lamb.

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Paths and Mechanisms of Moisture Movements in Detached Leaves of White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.): I. Losses of Petiole Moisture Direct from Petioles and via Laminae

Annals of Botany ◽

10.1093/aob/28.2.207 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 207-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

W. Shepherd

Keyword(s):

White Clover ◽

Trifolium Repens ◽

Detached Leaves ◽

Trifolium Repens L

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Long-term effects of pastoral fallowing on the distribution and performance of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) in a hill country pasture

NZGA: Research and Practice Series ◽

10.33584/rps.6.1995.3381 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 75-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Z.N. Nie ◽

I. Valentine ◽

A.D. Mackay ◽

D.J. Barker ◽

J. Hodgson

Keyword(s):

White Clover ◽

Trifolium Repens ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Dry Matter Yield ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Hill Country ◽

Trifolium Repens L ◽

And Performance

Previous work found that white clover (Trifolium repens L.) yield initially decreased, but subsequently increased following a pastoral fallow. The objective of this research was to quantify the response in herbage production and stolon characteristics of white clover up to 4 years after fallowing. Four treatments were used: fallowed 1990/91 (F4), fallowed 1991/92 (F3), fallowed 1993/94 (F1) and non-fallowed (F0). The fallowing period was between September and May. White clover dry matter yield (between 15/12/94 and 18/5/95) was significantly greater for the treatment F4 than F0 (P

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Agromorphological characterization, cyanogenesis and productivity of accessions of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) collected in Northern Spain

Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding ◽

10.17221/157/2011-cjgpb ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 49 (No. 1) ◽

pp. 24-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J.A. Oliveira ◽

J.E. López ◽

P. Palencia

Keyword(s):

Cluster Analysis ◽

White Clover ◽

Trifolium Repens ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Morphological Character ◽

Essential Element ◽

Dry Matter Yield ◽

Northern Spain ◽

Trifolium Repens L ◽

Livestock Systems

White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is an essential element of sustainable livestock systems in temperate climates because of its adaptability to a range of management and soil fertility conditions. The performance of 15 accessions of white clover collected in northern Spain, and of two cultivars, the medium-leaved Huia and the large-leaved California, grown as spaced plants in Galicia, and in sward plots in Asturias was compared over a period of two years. The data obtained were reduced to two principal components that cumulatively explained 92.4% of the total variance. Cluster analysis identified three groups of accessions that described 71% of the phenotypic variation among accessions. One group of five accessions collected from upland sites was characterized by low dry matter yield, low height, reduced plant spread, short petioles, small leaves and thin stolons. This group can be defined as small-leaved and of interest for gardening. Another group, composed only by the cv. California and the cv. Huia, was characterized by high plant spread and height, long wide leaves and thick petioles and stolons; dry matter yields were similar to those of the first group. The last group, which includes ten accessions collected from low and medium altitude sites, had the highest dry matter yields and intermediate morphological character between the previous groups. This group can be defined as medium-leaved and of interest for grazing and/or cutting.

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