Water-soluble polysaccharide determination as a technique for evaluation of sweet corn maturity

1978 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 517 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Darbyshire ◽  
WA Muirhead ◽  
RJ Henry
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Quality Estimation ◽  
Rapid Technique ◽  
Structural Carbohydrate ◽  
Soluble Polysaccharide

A relationship between the non-structural carbohydrate content and the maturity of sweet corn for processing has been established. It is demonstrated that over the period when sweet corn is suitable for harvesting, while moisture content decreases, water-soluble polysaccharide (wsp) levels increase rapidly but soluble sugar concentrations decline only slightly. These results suggest that decreasing sweetness as the sweet corn matures is due to increasing WSP levels masking the sweetness contributed by relatively constant sugar concentrations. The rapid increase in wsp makes measurement of WSP content a sensitive indicator of small changes in maturity. Because of this sensitivity and the important influence of WSP on sweet corn quality, estimation of wsp provides a rapid technique for the accurate determination of sweet corn maturity.

scholarly journals Size and Carbohydrate Content of Ears of Baby Corn in Relation to Endosperm Type (Su, su, se, sh2)

1993 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bar-Zur ◽  
A. Schaffer
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Polysaccharide ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Time Of Harvest

Ear size and quality traits of various types of maize (Zea mays L.) (Su, su, se, sh2) used as baby corn were evaluated in field experiments. Ear size increased with time (0 to 6 days) after silking. Optimal stage for harvest was at silking for most cultivars and 6 days after silking for the prolific mini-corn cultivars. Sugar content of baby corn ears of all genotypes consisted primarily of glucose and fructose, with only low levels of sucrose. There was no significant increase in sugar content attributable to the su, se, or sh2 genes compared with Su, thus indicating there is no reason to use sweet corn types instead of the higher-yielding Su types. Total soluble sugar content of the genotypes ranged from ≈20 to 30 mg·g-1 fresh weight. Starch and water-soluble polysaccharide (WSP) concentrations in the Su cultivars, which were higher than those in the other endosperm types studied, decreased slightly from 0 to 6 days after silking. However, WSP concentrations were low and not likely to affect quality. Crispness, determined by organoleptic tests, decreased with time of harvest and differed among genotypes.

Water-soluble polysaccharide in nine commercial sweet corn cultivars and its suitability for estimating kernel maturity

1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (98) ◽  
pp. 373 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Darbyshire ◽  
WA Muirhead ◽  
RJ Henry
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Corn Cobs ◽  
Polysaccharide Content ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Soluble Polysaccharide

The water-soluble polysaccharide content of nine sweet corn cultivars planted at three different times was determined. The use of water-soluble polysaccharide to estimate maturity of sweet corn cobs for freezing was substantiated by comparing water-soluble polysaccharide with moisture content of the nine cultivars. When cobs matured under the relatively higher temperatures of the earlier sowing dates, there was a more rapid increase in water-soluble polysaccharide in relation to loss in moisture.

scholarly journals Characterization and Prebiotic Potential of Longan Juice Obtained by Enzymatic Conversion of Constituent Sucrose into Fructo-Oligosaccharides

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongxia Cheng ◽  
Haibo Lan ◽  
Lei Zhao ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Zhuoyan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Monosaccharide Composition ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Lactobacillus Delbrueckii ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Enzyme Treatment ◽  
Bacteria Growth ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Soluble Polysaccharide

The prebiotic potential of longan juice obtained by a commercial Viscozyme L for conversion of constituent sucrose to fructo-oligosaccharide was investigated. The physicochemical properties and carbohydrate composition of the longan juice was evaluated before and after enzymatic treatment. The stimulation effects of the treated longan juice on probiotic bacteria growth were also studied in vitro. The results showed that total soluble solids, yield and clarity of longan juice were all significantly improved after enzyme treatment. The water-soluble polysaccharide content, including pectin, was significantly increased. Compared with the natural longan pulp, the enzyme treated juice showed a significant decrease in sucrose content. Substantial fructo-oligosaccharides including 1-kestose and nystose were synthesized after enzyme treatment. The molecular weight distribution and the monosaccharide composition of the water-soluble polysaccharide were significantly changed by enzyme treatment. The treated longan juice and its ethanol-soluble sugar fraction promoted the growth of Streptococus thermophiles, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii, showing a good potential of the treated longan juice for producing functional foods and nutraceuticals.

Effect of Multiple Gas Media Package on Preservation of Fresh Sweet Corn at Room Temperature

2013 ◽  
Vol 477-478 ◽  
pp. 1354-1358
Author(s):  
Jian Qing Meng ◽  
Xiao Yu Jia ◽  
Wei Qiao Yang ◽  
Xi Hong Li
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Aerobic Plate Count

Effects of different methods of gas package on freshness of harvested fresh Sweet Corn, at room temperature in its shelf life were investigated. The harvested fresh Sweet Corn were packaged under vacuum, air, N2 or CO2, respectively, and then stored 90 days at 30°Cafter the high temperature sterilization. After the sterilization and during storage, the changes of aerobic plate count, water content, soluble sugar content, and TPA were determined. The results showed that compared with others, the package with N2 could inhibit the growth of microorganisms, kept the content of water, soluble sugar and fat. After 90 days, TPA showed that the package in nitrogen could improve the quality of sweet corns.

scholarly journals Maize sugary enhancer1 (se1) is a gene affecting endosperm starch metabolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (41) ◽  
pp. 20776-20785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Zhang ◽  
Karl J. Haro von Mogel ◽  
Vai S. Lor ◽  
Candice N. Hirsch ◽  
Brian De Vries ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Differential Expression Analysis ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Starch Metabolism ◽  
Corn Breeding ◽  
Soluble Polysaccharide ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Endosperm Starch ◽  
Root Tissues

sugary enhancer1 (se1) is a naturally occurring mutant allele involved in starch metabolism in maize endosperm. It is a recessive modifier of sugary1 (su1) and commercially important in modern sweet corn breeding, but its molecular identity and mode of action remain unknown. Here, we developed a pair of near-isogenic lines, W822Gse (su1-ref/su1-ref se1/se1) and W822GSe (su1-ref/su1-ref Se1/Se1), that Mendelize the se1 phenotype in an su1-ref background. W822Gse kernels have lower starch and higher water soluble polysaccharide and sugars than W822GSe kernels. Using high-resolution genetic mapping, we found that wild-type Se1 is a gene Zm00001d007657 on chromosome 2 and a deletion of this gene causes the se1 phenotype. Comparative metabolic profiling of seed tissue between these 2 isolines revealed the remarkable difference in carbohydrate metabolism, with sucrose and maltose highly accumulated in the mutant. Se1 is predominantly expressed in the endosperm, with low expression in leaf and root tissues. Differential expression analysis identified genes enriched in both starch biosynthesis and degradation processes, indicating a pleiotropic regulatory effect of se1. Repressed expression of Se1 and Su1 in RNA interference-mediated transgenic maize validates that deletion of the gene identified as Se1 is a true causal gene responsible for the se1 phenotype. The findings contribute to our understanding of starch metabolism in cereal crops.

Experimental device for the accurate determination of wood-water relations on micro-samples

Holzforschung ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Perré
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Relations ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Growth Ring ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Longitudinal Direction ◽  
Experimental Device ◽  
Normal Wood ◽  
Diamond Wire Saw

Abstract This paper describes an experimental device designed for the accurate determination of wood/water relations on micro-samples. The moisture content of the sample is measured with a highly sensitive electronic microbalance. Moreover, the dimensions of the sample in tangential and longitudinal direction are collected continuously without contact by means of two high-speed laser scan micrometers. The device is placed in a climatic chamber. The micro-samples investigated were prepared with a diamond wire saw. A sample thickness of less than 1 mm allows the moisture content to be almost uniform during the test. The data obtained are of excellent quality and accuracy, in spite of the very small mass and dimensions of the samples. The device provides a perfect tool for investigating the dynamic interaction between relative humidity, moisture content, and shrinkage. Results collected for beech, spruce and eucalyptus are presented. Important findings include: deviation from a linear relation between shrinkage and moisture content in beech; uniqueness of the shrinkage versus moisture content curve during desorption/adsorption cycles; evidence of cell collapse in eucalyptus, especially for tension wood; and property variations within the growth ring of normal wood and compression wood of spruce.

scholarly journals Determination of digesta flow entering the omasal canal of dairy cows using different marker systems

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seppo Ahvenjärvi ◽  
Aila Vanhatalo ◽  
Kevin J. Shingfield ◽  
Pekka Huhtanen
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fibre ◽  
Inorganic Matter

Four studies were conducted to compare the effect of four indigestible markers (LiCoEDTA, Yb-acetate, Cr-mordanted straw and indigestible neutral-detergent fibre (INDF)) and three marker systems on the flow of digesta entering the omasal canal of lactating dairy cows. Samples of digesta aspirated from the omasal canal were pooled and separated using filtration and high-speed centrifugation into three fractions defined as the liquid phase, small particulate and large particulate matter. Co was primarily associated with the liquid phase, Yb was concentrated in small particulate matter, whilst Cr and INDF were associated with large particles. Digesta flow was calculated based on single markers or using the reconstitution system based on combinations of two (Co + Yb, Co + Cr and Co + INDF) or three markers (Co + Yb + Cr and Co + Yb + INDF). Use of single markers resulted in large differences between estimates of organic matter (OM) flow entering the omasal canal suggesting that samples were not representative of true digesta. Digesta appeared to consist of at least three phases that tended to separate during sampling. OM was concentrated in particulate matter, whilst the liquid phase consisted mainly of volatile fatty acids and inorganic matter. Yb was intimately associated with nitrogenous compounds, whereas Cr and INDF were concentrated in fibrous material. Current data indicated that marker systems based on Yb in combination with Cr or INDF are required for the accurate determination of OM, N and neutral-detergent fibre flow. In cases where the flow of water-soluble nutrients entering the omasal canal is also required, the marker system should also include Co.

Liquid Chromatographic Determination Of Polydextrose In Food Matrixes

1990 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-53
Author(s):  
James B Noffsinger ◽  
Martha Emery ◽  
Daniel J Hoch ◽  
Jarmila Dokladalova
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Assay Precision ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Abstract A liquid chromatographic (LC) method has been developed to determine the content of polydextrose, a water-soluble 1 calorie/g bulking agent, in food matrixes such as cookies, cakes, fruit spreads, and chocolate toppings. This analysis, which requires use of a blank matrix, provides a feasible means to control the manufacture of foods containing this additive and provides a component for the accurate determination of the caloric value of a particular food product. The method involves aqueous extraction of the polydextrose from the food matrix followed by separation on a carbohydrate analysis column. The LC system uses a mobile phase of 0.005M CaS04*2H2o and a refractive index detector for quantitation. Polydextrose recoveries from the food matrixes varied from 91.5 to 100.9% with assay precision, expressed as coefficient of variation, ranging from 0.7 to 4.3%. Each error estimate was derived from 5 parallel determinations. The present methodology is precise and selective in contrast to the modified classical phenol-sulfuric acid colorimetric method for assaying carbohydrates, which had been used for polydextrose determination in food matrixes in the past. Because the coefficient of variation frequently exceeded 10%, replicate analyses were necessary to achieve quantitation.

scholarly journals Formulation, Evaluation and Comparison of the Poly Herbal Anti-Diabetic Tablet with the Commercial Tablets

2021 ◽  
pp. 252-263
Author(s):  
N. Chauhan Nidhi ◽  
Mistry Rujuta ◽  
Mandale Drasti ◽  
Ugharatdar Siddik Ismail ◽  
Dadubhai Ezaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Flow Property ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Chemical Examination ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Aconitum Heterophyllum ◽  
Starch Paste

Objective: To formulate a poly herbal anti-diabetic tablet and to evaluate and compare its physicochemical properties with the marketed herbal tablets. Materials and Methods: The poly herbal anti-diabetic tablet was formulated by adding the powder of extract of  Enicostemma littorale in powder of  roots of Aconitum heterophyllum rhizomes of Picrorhiza kurroa and fruits of Piper longum in different proportions to an  aqueous 5 % Starch solution and  Several tests such as visual inspection, ash values, moisture content, Water soluble extractive value and Alcohol soluble extractive value, disintegration time, Uniformity of weight of tablets, Determination of hardness of tablets, Determination of friability of tablets etc and Preliminary phytochemical screening and qualitative chemical examination were performed and compare Laboratory formulated tablets with  commercial tablets. Results: The study showed that Laboratory formulated poly herbal anti-diabetic tablet has good flow property and compressibility. The moisture content of laboratory formulations was found to be 4.8%. Water extractive value was found to be 28.14% W/V result shows that laboratory formulation consisted of higher amount of water soluble substances like carbohydrates. Alcohol extractive value was found to be 20.08% W/V denotes the amount of alcohol soluble constituents present in the formulation. Disintegration of tablet was found to be 3 mins results shows laboratory formulation was within the limit as it was prepared with starch paste (5%w/v) as a binding and disintegrating agent. Disintegration of tablet is not more than 30 minutes.  The laboratory formulation was found to have 3 (Kg/Cm2) hardness, 0.38 % Friability and weight variation within pharmaceutical limits. However, further research and development is required to improve its quality and safety. Conclusion: The aim of this study was to formulate a completely poly herbal antidiabetic tablet. Our Laboratory formulated tablets showed comparable good results as compare to that of marketed tablets but further research and development is required to improve its overall quality.

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