Variation in, and inheritance of seedling and adult-plant resistance in subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) to leaf scorch (Kabatiella caulivora) (Kirch.) Karak

1990 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Chandrashekar ◽  
GM Halloran
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Single Recessive Gene ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Kabatiella Caulivora ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Clover Scorch ◽  
Adult Plants

The disease reaction of seedlings (2 weeks old) from a field collection of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) to clover scorch (Kabatiella caulivora (Kirch.) Karak), revealed 89 immune plants out of a total of 1530. However, with adult plants (15-16 weeks old) only one plant remained immune. In the F2 population of the cross of the cultivars (Daliak X Woogenellup (D X W), seedling resistance was conditioned by a single dominant gene and in the cross (Enfield X Woogenellup) (EX W) by a single recessive gene. However, with adult plants, resistance in the (D X W) F2 was conditioned by a single recessive gene and that in the (EX W) F2 by two recessive genes. The effect of increasing age in reducing the proportion of plants resistant to clover scorch in both studies indicates that caution is needed in evaluating resistance to clover scorch in epidemiological, breeding and genetic studies.

Resistance to race 1 of Kabatiella caulivora in subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) cultivars and breeding lines

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 561 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. H. Nichols ◽  
M. P. You ◽  
M. J. Barbetti
Keyword(s):  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Kabatiella Caulivora ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Race 2 ◽  
Resistant Progeny ◽  
Clover Scorch

Twenty-eight cultivars and 106 F6-derived breeding lines of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) were screened in the field for their response to clover scorch disease caused by race 1 of Kabatiella caulivora. Eleven of the cultivars, including Denmark and Goulburn, were classified as resistant. Breeding lines with Denmark parentage had 55% of progeny with resistance, while those of Goulburn had only 19% of resistant progeny, suggesting different modes of inheritance. Selection for resistance to race 2 of K. caulivora in the F4 generation markedly increased the probability of selecting F6-derived lines with resistance to race 1, suggesting linkage between genes for resistance to both races.

Sources of variation in the resistance of subterranean clover to clover scorch (Kabatiella caulivora) in the field

1975 ◽  
Vol 15 (75) ◽  
pp. 541 ◽  
Author(s):  
DL Chatel ◽  
CM Francis
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
North African ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
South West ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Kabatiella Caulivora ◽  
Clover Scorch

The resistance of 307 varieties of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) to the clover scorch disease pathogen was assessed in three locations in south west Australia. Disease intensity as measured by visual ratings of sward damage was found to vary with variety and location. Resistance was independent of subspecies groupings but dependent on country of origin. Spanish and Portugese varieties were generally less susceptible than North African selections. Disease severity was also related to plant characters by correlation and multiple regression analysis. Late maturing varieties were most resistant under the test conditions and rapidly growing earlier varieties, with large pale leaves and thick petioles, were least resistant.

Resistance to clover scorch disease (Kabatiella caulivora) among accessions of purple clover (Trifolium purpureum) and its relationship to the eco-geography of collection sites

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. H. Nichols ◽  
R. Snowball ◽  
M. F. D'Antuono ◽  
M. J. Barbetti
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Disease Reaction ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Kabatiella Caulivora ◽  
Field Plots ◽  
Disease Severity Scores ◽  
Clover Scorch ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Collection Sites

Visual ratings of disease reaction to a mixture of races 1 and 2 of clover scorch (Kabatiella caulivora) were conducted on inoculated field plots of 206 accessions of Trifolium purpureum (191 var. purpureum and 15 var. pamphyllicum) collected from the Mediterranean basin and surrounding regions. Disease severity scores of the resistant check, cv. Denmark subterranean clover (T. subterraneum), were clearly differentiated from the susceptible check, cv. Paratta purple clover. Nearly 33% of the accessions were resistant to both races. Resistant plants tended to flower later and originate from higher latitudes, where K. caulivora is more widespread. The results of this investigation led to development of ELECTRA™, the first cultivar of purple clover with resistance to both races of K. caulivora.

scholarly journals INHERITANCE OF ZINGIBERENE IN LYCOPERSICON

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1169b-1169
Author(s):  
Fazal R. Rahimi ◽  
Catherine Carter
Keyword(s):  
Colorado Potato Beetle ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Single Dominant Gene ◽  
Single Recessive Gene ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Backcross Populations

Zingiberene, a sesquiterpene, was detected in the foliage extract of L. hirsutum f. hirsutum Humb. and Bonp1. (hir), and confirmed by GC-MS. Zingiberene does not exist in L. hirsutum f. glabratum C. H. Mull (gla), which instead contains 2-tridecanone. 2-Tridecanone confers resistance to gla against Colorado Potato Beetle. The Presence of Zingiberene is associated with resistance against Colorado Potato Beetle in hir, which does not contain 2-tridecanone. The gene that conditions zingiberene acts differently in two different genetic backgrounds. In gla × hir this gene acts as a single recessive gene, while in L. esculentum × hir it acts as a single dominant gene. This situation, which has been studied in F2 and backcross populations of crosses in both directions are examined and discussed.

The relationship between seedling and field resistance to two races of stem rust in Thatcher wheat

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Knott
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Limited Effect ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Adult Plants

A set of 169 single descent lines from the cross Thatcher/LMPG-6 was used to study the inheritance of seedling resistance to six races of stem rust in Thatcher. The same lines were tested with two of the races in separate field nurseries. The results showed that at least some of the genes for seedling resistance had a significant, but limited, effect on field resistance. Additional genes conferred resistance only in adult plants in the field. Key words: Field resistance, stem rust, Thatcher wheat

Multi-allelic nature of the locus controlling leaf marking in subterranean clover

1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 547 ◽  
Author(s):  
BH Tan ◽  
WJ Collins
Keyword(s):  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Mendelian Inheritance ◽  
Alternative Interpretation ◽  
Parental Genotype ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
Dominance Relationships ◽  
New Alleles

The inheritance of leaf markings in subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum ssp. subterraneurn) was studied in diallel cross involving a parental genotype without a leaf marking and eleven others, each with a distinctive marking. The results indicate Mendelian inheritance, and each marking appeared to be controlled by a different allele at a single locus. An alternative interpretation of the segregation data might be that the leaf mark locus is complex and comprises many tightly linked genes. Four types of dominance were manifest in the heterozygous combinations, including one that has not previously been described. With the exception of a completely dominant allele, the dominance relationships among the other alleles could not be predicted. In one cross, the expression of one of the leaf mark alleles was partially modified, and this could be attributed to an independent recessive gene. Mutation appears to be the sole genetic mechanism by which new alleles arise. Their origin and evolution in subterranean clover is discussed with reference to Fisher's theory on the evolution of dominance.

Breakdown in resistance of subterranean clovers to clover scorch disease (Kabatiella caulivora)

1995 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 645 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Barbetti
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Kabatiella Caulivora ◽  
New Race ◽  
Field Plots ◽  
Clover Scorch ◽  
Disease Testing

In spring 1990, in the Australasian Subterranean Clover and Alternative Legume Improvement Program field plots at Denmark, Western Australia, subterranean clover cultivars and crossbred lines normally highly resistant to clover scorch disease caused by Kabatiella caulivora, were severely affected by this disease. Testing the response of subterranean clover varieties to Kabatiella isolates taken from plants from these plots indicates the arrival of a new race of the fungus. The new race differs from all other isolates in overcoming the previously outstanding resistance of cultivars Green Range, Junee, Daliak and Esperance.

Adult-plant leaf rust resistance in Thatcher and Marquis wheat: a genetic analysis of the host–parasite interaction

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Bartos ◽  
P. L. Dyck ◽  
D. J. Samborski
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Single Recessive Gene ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Host Genes ◽  
Adult Plants

Inheritance of adult-plant resistance to race 9 of leaf rust was investigated in the wheat varieties Thatcher and Marquis. Resistance was conferred by the same recessive gene in both varieties. The genetics of virulence on adult plants of Thatcher was studied in a F2 population of cultures from a cross between races 9 and 161. A single recessive gene conferred virulence on adult plants of Thatcher. This gene was inherited independently of the genes that condition virulence on host genes Lr1, Lr2, Lr3, and Lr11.

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of the Green Cotyledon Trait in Southernpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]

1994 ◽  
Vol 119 (5) ◽  
pp. 1054-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Fery ◽  
Philip D. Dukes
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Genetic Relationship ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Single Recessive Gene ◽  
Green Cotyledon ◽  
Backcross Populations ◽  
The Cross

A series of greenhouse and field studies were conducted to determine the inheritance of the green cotyledon trait exhibited by the recently released southernpea `Bettergreen' and to elucidate the genetic relationship between the green cotyledon trait and the green testa trait exhibited by `Freezegreen'. Evaluation of parental, F1, F2, and backcross populations of the crosses `Bettergreen' × `Carolina Cream' and `Bettergreen' × `Kiawah' indicated that the green cotyledon trait is conditioned by a single recessive gene. Evaluation of parental and F2 populations of the cross `Bettergreen' × `Freezegreen' indicated that this gene is neither allelic to nor linked with the gt gene that conditions the green testa trait in `Freezegreen'. The color of seeds harvested from plants homozygous for both the green cotyledon and green testa genes was superior and more uniform than the color of seeds harvested from either `Bettergreen' or `Freezegreen' plants. We propose that the newly discovered gene be designated green cotyledon and symbolized gc. Seeds containing embryos homozygous for the gc gene are easily identified. The ability to select in the seed stage should greatly facilitate efforts to backcross the gc gene into cream-, pinkeye-, and blackeye-type cultivars.

Humidity, free water and light in relation to development of Kabatiella caulivora (Kirchn.) Karak in Trifolium subterraneum L. cv.Yarloo

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 511
Author(s):  
K Helms
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Kabatiella Caulivora ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
And Control

The effects of moisture conditions on disease development and plant growth were examined in subterranean clover plants which were inoculated with K. caulivora 4 weeks after sowing and were maintained after inoculation at 20°C and with a light intensity of 2000 f.c. In plants which received 100% relative humidity (RH) with free water on leaves, for at least 4 days after inoculation, 15–20% of leaves developed lesions within 11 days. In plants which received continuously 90% RH with free water on leaves, or 100% RH without free water on leaves, less than 1.5% of leaves developed lesions within 11 days. There was no evidence of spread of infection in plants maintained for 11 or 25 days after inoculation. The effects of light intensities of 2000, 500 and 125 f.c. on disease development and plant growth were examined in plants which received 100% RH with free water on leaves and were grown for 25 days after inoculation, either in simulated swards or in standard pots. In most treatments a reduction in light intensity from 2000 to 500 f.c. reduced the growth of plants but had no effect on the percentage of diseased leaves, whereas a reduction in light intensity from 500 to 125 f.c. reduced growth and increased the percentage of diseased leaves of plants grown in swards from 30 to 70% and in standard pots from 10 to 35%. There were mortalities among both inoculated and control plants grown under 125 f.c. : in swards, 80–90% of inoculated plants and 30–40% of control plants died, whereas in standard pots 20–30% of inoculated plants and only occasional control plants died. The data show that environmental conditions favourable for the development of the disease were unfavourable for growth of control plants.

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