Morpho-anatomical and molecular characterisation of ectomycorrhizae associated with Eucalyptus species growing in different areas of the Punjab Province, Pakistan

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hira Bashir ◽  
A. N. Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Molecular Characterisation ◽  
Fungal Flora ◽  
Punjab Province ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantations ◽  
Molecular Investigation ◽  
Low Diversity ◽  
Below Ground

An evaluation of the ectomycorrhizal status of Eucalyptus plantations in different areas of the Punjab Province, Pakistan is presented. Our study reveals a very low diversity of below-ground ectomycorrhizal fungi associated with Eucalyptus. Through molecular investigation, only three taxa were confirmed to be associated with six different species of Eucalyptus at four sampling sites. Among them, Scleroderma bovista was frequently associated with Eucalyptus in soils having different physicochemical properties highlighting wide ecological amplitude of this species. Scleroderma aurantium and Pisolithus tinctorius were infrequent associates with eucalypt roots. This study is the first consolidated approach to determine the ectomycorrhizal potential of exotic Eucalyptus with the innate fungal flora of Pakistan.

scholarly journals Age and Species of Eucalyptus Plantations Affect Soil Microbial Biomass and Enzymatic Activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Xu ◽  
Bing Liu ◽  
Zhao-lei Qu ◽  
Yang Ma ◽  
Hui Sun
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Fungal Biomass ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Extracellular Enzymes ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantation ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantations ◽  
Plantation Age

Soil microorganisms and extracellular enzymes play important roles in soil nutrient cycling. Currently, China has the second-largest area of eucalyptus plantations in the world. Information on the effects of eucalyptus age and species of trees on soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities, however, is limited. In this paper, the soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities were studied in eucalyptus plantations with different ages (1 and 5+ years) and species of trees (E. urophylla×E. grandis, E. camaldulens and E. pellita) in South China. The results showed that both plantation age and eucalyptus species could affect the total microbial biomass and fungal biomass, whereas the bacterial biomass was affected only by plantation age. The fungal biomass and the fungi-to-bacteria ratio significantly increased along with increasing plantation age. Similarly, the plantation age and eucalyptus species significantly affected the enzyme activities associated with carbon cycling (β-xylosidase, β-d-glucuronidase, β-cellobiosidase and β-glucosidase). The activities of β-d-glucuronidase and β-glucosidase were significantly higher in the E. camaldulens plantation. The enzymes involved in nitrogen (N-acetyl-glucosamidase) and sulfur (sulfatase) cycling were only affected by the eucalyptus plantation age and species, respectively. The results highlight the importance of the age and species of eucalyptus plantations on soil microbial activities.

scholarly journals Quantification of effects of season and nitrogen supply on tree below-ground carbon transfer to ectomycorrhizal fungi and other soil organisms in a boreal pine forest

2010 ◽  
Vol 187 (2) ◽  
pp. 485-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona N. Högberg ◽  
Maria J. I. Briones ◽  
Sonja G. Keel ◽  
Daniel B. Metcalfe ◽  
Catherine Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Soil Organisms ◽  
Carbon Transfer ◽  
Below Ground

The serpentine syndrome below ground: ectomycorrhizas and hypogeous fungi associated with conifers

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1671-1679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Gladish ◽  
Jonathan Frank ◽  
Darlene Southworth
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Serpentine Soils ◽  
Soil Cores ◽  
Soil Composition ◽  
Spore Dispersal ◽  
Hypogeous Fungi ◽  
Overlapping Communities ◽  
Sparse Vegetation ◽  
Below Ground

Serpentine soils select for unique plant communities, often with sparse vegetation. Mycorrhizal fungi mediate the interaction between plants and soils, yet little is known about the mycorrhizal fungi of serpentine-tolerant plants. Ectomycorrhizas and hypogeous fungal sporocarps were sampled on paired serpentine and nonserpentine soils in southwestern Oregon. We hypothesized that conifers on serpentine soils would have fewer species of mycorrhizal fungi, a distinct assemblage of ectomycorrhizal fungi, and fewer hypogeous sporocarps with less species richness. Sporocarps were sampled and soil cores collected around pines on serpentine and nonserpentine soils. Conifers on serpentine and nonserpentine soils hosted overlapping communities of ectomycorrhizal fungi, as characterized by nonmetric multidimensional scaling. From soil cores, we categorized 27 species by morphotype, of which 18 were identified by DNA. Fewer hypogeous sporocarps with less taxonomic richness were collected on serpentine soils. The lack of indicator species of mycorrhizal fungi and the greater variability among samples on serpentine soils suggest that soil composition does not determine the mycorrhizal community. The sparseness of host vegetation may limit the ability of fungi to grow from tree to tree and may increase the reliance on spore dispersal, thus creating a more varied pattern of mycorrhizal communities.

scholarly journals Low diversity and high host preference of ectomycorrhizal fungi in Western Amazonia, a neotropical biodiversity hotspot

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leho Tedersoo ◽  
Ave Sadam ◽  
Milton Zambrano ◽  
Renato Valencia ◽  
Mohammad Bahram
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Host Preference ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Low Diversity

Allometry and partitioning of above- and below-ground biomass in farmed eucalyptus species dominant in Western Kenyan agricultural landscapes

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 276-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shem Kuyah ◽  
Johannes Dietz ◽  
Catherine Muthuri ◽  
Meine van Noordwijk ◽  
Henry Neufeldt
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Below Ground

scholarly journals Global change tipping points: above- and below-ground biotic interactions in a low diversity ecosystem

2007 ◽  
Vol 362 (1488) ◽  
pp. 2291-2306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana H Wall
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Ecosystem Processes ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Tipping Points ◽  
Low Diversity ◽  
Dry Valley ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
High Diversity

Low diversity ecosystems are expected to be more vulnerable to global changes although they have received less attention than high diversity ecosystems. Addressing the present state of the Antarctic Dry Valley region by focusing on the potential global changes that may alter the coupling of above- and below-ground species and ecosystem processes is a realistic and critical need that has value beyond the Antarctic community. Presented here are suggested implications of global change on the Dry Valley terrestrial systems and how these effects might be manifested in the future.

scholarly journals Eucalyptus Plantation in Farmlands: A Prospective Source of Economic Returns in Bhabar Terai Zones of Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Shiva S Neupane
Keyword(s):  
Farming Systems ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Alluvial Fans ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantation ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantations

The Bhabar Terai zone lies immediately at the foot of the Siwalik hills and consist of bouldery and gravelly areas derived from alluvial fans at the base of the hills. Many of the streams flowing from the hills disappear into the very freely drained soil of this area to reappear again in the Terai proper. The soil is not good for the production of food/cereal crops. Eucalyptus species is fast growing and can grow on wide range of climatic conditions. There are special types of farm relations with Eucalyptus in Bhabar Terai. Most of the farmers in this region have Eucalyptus plantations to support their livelihood. It is obvious that Eucalyptus is one of the appropriate tree species to grow in Siwalik and Bhabar zones to get more economic return within the short period of time. Farmers have been accepting to grow Eucalyptus as an integral part of their overall farming systems to maximize their annual income from the same piece of land along with the other tree and cereal crops combinations from the sale of these tree products. Key Words: Bhabar Terai, Eucalyptus plantation, Economic returns, Livelihood support DOI: 10.3126/init.v3i0.2430 The Initiation Vol.3 2009 p.81-85

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