Soil Surface Lichens in Arid and Subarid South-Eastern Australia. I. Introduction and Floristics

1972 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
RW Rogers ◽  
RT Lange
Keyword(s):  
Soil Surface ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The World ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Lichens on soils in Australia have been neglected until recently. This paper describes a study area of nearly 1 million km2 in south-eastern Australia, and the methods used to determine the lichens found on the soil surfaces in that area. In all, 343 locations were examined, 227 of which had soil surface lichens. From the range of lichens encountered a total of 42 taxa were delimited, and in 36 cases ascribed to previously described species or complexes; the remaining six were either un- described, or depauperate forms which could not be placed. The world phytogeographic implications of this study are discussed.

Factors affecting production of inoculum of the blackleg fungus (Leptosphaeria maculans) in south-eastern Australia

2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Marcroft ◽  
S. J. Sprague ◽  
S. J. Pymer ◽  
P. A. Salisbury ◽  
B. J. Howlett
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategy ◽  
Leptosphaeria Maculans ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Blackleg Fungus ◽  
South Eastern Australia

The production of windborne ascospore inoculum of the blackleg fungus (Leptosphaeria maculans) was determined during 2000 and 2001 in 3 environments (Birchip, low rainfall; Wonwondah, medium rainfall; Lake Bolac, high rainfall) in Victoria. The weight of canola stubble (kg/ha) remaining on the soil surface in paddocks was estimated 6, 18, 30 and 42 months after harvest of the original canola crop. In all 3 environments only small amounts of stubble were present 18 months after harvest. Eighty percent of the 6-month-old stubble comprised stems and branches, with the remaining 20% being root material, while 42-month-old stubble consisted only of root material. Paddocks subjected to raking and burning contained only half the weight of stubble compared with paddocks that were harrowed. Where canola was harvested in January, even when no management strategy was used, 80% of subsequent stubble was no longer on the soil surface by July of that year. Pseudothecia from 6-month-old stubble from the high rainfall environment discharged significantly more ascospores than stubble of the same age from the medium rainfall environment, which in turn discharged more than stubble from the low rainfall environment. In all environments, paddocks containing 6-month-old canola stubble discharged 30-fold as many ascospores per hectare as older stubble paddocks.

Effects of fire frequency and mowing on a temperate, derived grassland soil in south-eastern Australia

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne M. Prober ◽  
Ian D. Lunt ◽  
Kevin R. Thiele
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Fire Frequency ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Grassland Soil ◽  
Positive Feedbacks ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Protective Cover ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Frequent disturbances such as fire are widely considered important drivers of plant composition and diversity in productive grassy ecosystems. Effects of fire frequency on grassland soils, however, are less well understood. We established replicated disturbance regimes in a high-quality, representative Themeda australis–Poa sieberiana-derived grassland in south-eastern Australia that had historically been burnt every 4–8 years. Effects on soil chemical, physical and biological properties were measured after 10 years of application of 2-, 4-, and 8-yearly burning, 2-yearly mowing and an undisturbed treatment. Contrary to other grassy ecosystems, there were no detectable effects of disturbance regime on total soil nitrogen and carbon, or a range of other soil chemical properties in the top 10 cm. However, a cumulative effect of burning on the grassland soil was evident from a suite of changes to soil surface properties, available nutrients and biological activity. In particular, on biennially burnt plots, reduced litter and plant protective cover were associated with increased soil surface compaction, decreased infiltration and decreased soil biological activity, which in turn were related to poor sward recovery after fire and drought. These relationships indicate potential for positive feedbacks whereby repeated removal of soil protective cover and changes to soil surface chemistry through very frequent burning ultimately lead to further reduction in soil protective cover through reduced productivity. However, this is only likely in extreme cases: data from unburnt plots indicated that soils that had historically been burnt every 4–8 years had not passed a threshold beyond which such soil changes were irreversible or damaging. Contrary to other predictions, cessation of burning for 13 years did not lead to detectable soil nutrient release through senescence of dominant grasses. Biennial mowing with slash retention was an effective alternative disturbance for maintaining sward vigour while avoiding soil surface damage.

Nivicolous myxomycetes from alpine areas of south-eastern Australia

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven L. Stephenson ◽  
John D. L. Shadwick
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Nivicolous myxomycetes were collected from alpine areas of south-eastern Australia during the period of middle to late October 2004. Most collections came from the high-elevation area around Mount Kosciuszko, the highest peak on the continent at 2228 m, in the Snowy Mountains of New South Wales, and additional collections were obtained from two areas, Mount Buller and Mount Hotham, in the Victorian Alps of northern Victoria. Approximately 300 collections were obtained during a period of 2 weeks, including species such as Diderma alpinum, Didymium dubium, Lamproderma ovoideum, Physarum albescens and P. alpinum, not previously known to occur in mainland Australia. Lamproderma maculatum and L. zonatum were collected for the first time in the southern hemisphere, and another species of Lamproderma was described as new to science in a previous paper. In contrast to most other areas of the world where nivicolous myxomycetes have been studied, species of Diderma have been represented poorly among the collections from Australia.

scholarly journals Parasitic Wasps of the Proctotrupoid Complex: a New Family From Australia and a Key to World Families (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea Sensu Lato).

1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 761 ◽  
Author(s):  
ID Naumann ◽  
L Masner
Keyword(s):  
Sister Group ◽  
Parasitic Wasps ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
New Family ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The World ◽  
Biological Characters ◽  
South Eastern Australia

A new family Peradeniidae is proposed for Peradenia, gen. nov., comprising P, clavipes, sp. nov. and P. micranepsia, sp. nov. from south-eastern Australia. Peradeniidae is assigned to the proctotrupoid complex of parasitic wasps, as the sister group of the Heloridae. Extant proctotrupoid families of the world are compared with respect to 43 morphological and biological characters, and an illustrated key to families is provided.

Distribution of poycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments from estuaries of south-eastern Australia

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Bagg ◽  
D Smith ◽  
WA Maher
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Minimum Concentration ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The World ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Urban Activity ◽  
Yarra River ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Concentrations (�g/kg dried sediment) of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and perylene have been measured in sediments taken from three locations in south-eastern Australia: a highly urbanized estuary (Yarra River), a marine bay (Corio Bay), and an estuary remote from urban activity (Mallacoota Inlet). Most concentrations of B[a]P lay in the range 200-800 �g/kg and these values are comparable to values found in similar situations in other parts of the world. The minimum concentration of B[a]P observed was 20�g/kg in Mallacoota Inlet; the maximum concentration was 6800 �g/kg at one location in a tributary of the Yarra River where the sediment was visibly contaminated with oil. The ratio of B[a]P:perylene was 1.0-2.0 in all three areas and this ratio is significantly lower than for aerosols in the Melbourne atmosphere, suggesting that deposition of aerosol is not the major contributor to PAH in sediments.

Population ecology of the velvet gecko,Oedura lesueuriiin south eastern Australia: Implications for the persistence of an endangered snake

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 839-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
JONATHAN K. WEBB ◽  
DAVID A. PIKE ◽  
RICHARD SHINE
Keyword(s):  
Population Ecology ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Combining management and breeding advances to improve field pea (Pisum sativum L.) grain yields under changing climatic conditions in south-eastern Australia

Euphytica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 180 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. McMurray ◽  
J. A. Davidson ◽  
M. D. Lines ◽  
A. Leonforte ◽  
M. U. Salam
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
South Eastern Australia
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document