Embryo Rescue Culture Medium for Improved Synthesis of 4x Wheat × Rye Hybrids

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 493
Author(s):  
CH Balatero ◽  
NL Darvey
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Rescue ◽  
Favourable Effect ◽  
Embryo Formation ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Hybrid Embryo ◽  
One Step ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Semi Solid ◽  
Optimum Recovery

The cross-incompatibility barrier between 4x wheat and rye has limited the genetic base for triticale breeding. Experiments designed to improve the synthesis of wheat-rye amphihaploids were conducted. The effects of 2,4-D on crossability and 3x hybrid embryo differentiation, and the influence of one-step and two-step media on the culture of immature 3x embryos in vitro, were investigated. Application of 10 mg L-1 2,4-D slightly improved seed set but significantly reduced the frequency of normal embryos. In contrast to the reported favourable effect of 2,4-D on haploid embryo formation in wheat × maize crosses, the application of 2,4-D in the present study offers no real advantage on amphihaploid embryo formation from 4x wheat × rye crosses. For small and immature wheat-rye hybrid (3x) embryos, optimum recovery in vitro was obtained via a two-step procedure consisting of a semi-solid MN medium followed by MS medium supplemented with IAA (1 mg L-1) and BAP (1 mg L-1). For bigger and well-differentiated embryos, the use of a one-step Gamborg's B5 medium was sufficient.

Implantable insulin pumps: diagnosis and management of decreased flow rates using radionuclide investigation

1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 723-729
Author(s):  
H. Boulahdour ◽  
A. Behar ◽  
M.-J. Haardt ◽  
J-L. Selam
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Pumps ◽  
Distal Catheter ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Catheter Obstruction ◽  
Catheter Malfunction ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
One Step ◽  
Isotonic Sodium Chloride

The aim of this study was to develop a diagnostic procedure for pumping unit malfunction by radionuclide imaging (RI) and to validate the method by comparing the results with those obtained using more conventional methods. Fifteen radionuclide investigations were performed in 11 patients with intraperitoneal implantable insulin pumps. One mCi of 99 mTc in 1 ml isotonic sodium chloride was injected into the reservoir. The results based on catheter visualization and peritoneal accumulation were compared blindly to the efficacy of alkaline rinses and laparoscopic findings. In all RI stoppage cases except one alkaline rinses failed to restore flow. Where laparoscopy was performed, comparisons were concordant i.e. no outflow from the tip of the catheter. The RI images obtained were reproduced in vitro using a pump under normal flow conditions and complete proximal and distal catheter obstruction. RI is a safe, quick non invasive method which allows the location of the site of pump/catheter malfunction within a one step procedure and the prediction of the efficacy of sodium hydroxide rinses.

Neutrophil function in whole blood and after purification: Changes in receptor expression, oxidase activity and responsiveness to cytokines

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Watson ◽  
John J. Robinson ◽  
Steven W. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Neutrophil Function ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Complement Receptors ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Plasma Membrane Receptor ◽  
One Step ◽  
Reactive Oxidants ◽  
In Cells

Neutrophil function and plasma membrane receptor expression was measured in cell suspensions isolated by two separate procedures and in unfractionated whole blood. When cells were prepared by a combined dextran/ficoll procedure, their ability to generate reactive oxidants in response to fMet-Leu-Phe was greater than in corresponding cells isolated by a one-step procedure on Mono-Poly Resolving Medium (M-PRM). Cells prepared by both methods could be primed in vitro by rGM-CSF, but the priming ratio was greater in cells prepared by the latter method. The ability of neutrophils in whole blood to generate reactive oxidants in response to fMet-Leu-Phe was extremely low, but this was increased by more than 10 fold if the blood was pre-incubated with rGM-CSF. Similarly, expression of CD 11b and CD 16 was very low (or undetectable) in neutrophils in whole blood, but this was rapidly increased upon priming. Activation by PMA resulted in a down regulation of CD 16 expression as the receptor was shed from the cell surface. Neutrophils isolated by either the dextran/ficoll or the M-PRM method showed increased expression of receptors compared with those in whole blood, although this expression was lower in cells isolated by the latter method. These data indicate that the isolation procedures used to obtain purified neutrophils prime both receptor expression and oxidase function, although these effects are minimalised in isolation procedures using M-PRM. Furthermore, as CD 16 expression on neutrophils in whole blood is rapidly up-regulated during priming, it seems likely that, as for complement receptors, rapidly-mobilisable intracellular stores of this receptor exist.

Ultrastructure of bovine in vitro-produced blastocysts cryopreserved by vitrification

Zygote ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeki Ohboshi ◽  
Noboru Fujihara ◽  
Tatsuyuki Yoshida ◽  
Hiroshi Tomagane
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Bovine Embryos ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Direct Exposure ◽  
Subsequent Exposure ◽  
One Step ◽  
The One ◽  
Serious Injuries

SummaryThe objective of this study was to examine ultrastructural aspects of bovine in vitro-produced blastocysts associated with cryopreservation by vitrification. Morphologically good embryos were used and treated with ethylene-glycol-based vitrification solution (VS). The untreated embryos had conventional fine structure. The post-warming embryos treated with direct exposure to VS (one-step procedure) showed cellular damage structurally by cryopreservation, which included loss of microvilli, disruption of the plasma membrane, mitochondrial changes and swelling of the endoplasmic reticulum. However, nuclei and junctional regions seemed to be resistant to cryoinjury. In contrast, the post-warming embryos pre-equilibra ted with 10% ethylene glycol for 5 min and subsequent exposure to VS (two-step procedure) showed less damage than those treated by the one-step procedure. Post-warming embryos treated by the two-step procedure were cultured in vitro for 18 h. Some embryos survived and their structures re-formed to the former state, while other embryos showed serious injuries and could not reconstitute the blastocoele. Three post-warming embryos treated by the two-step procedure that survived after in vitro culture were transferred to three recipients and one of these resulted in pregnancy. These results indicate that cryopreservation by vitrification can damage membranous structures of the cells of bovine embryos, the extent and nature of this damage being dependent on the vitrification procedure.

Carbon dots obtained using hydrothermal treatment of formaldehyde. Cell imaging in vitro

Nanoscale ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (15) ◽  
pp. 9071-9077 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Algarra ◽  
M. Pérez-Martín ◽  
M. Cifuentes-Rueda ◽  
J. Jiménez-Jiménez ◽  
J. C. G. Esteves da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Treatment ◽  
Carbon Dots ◽  
Cell Imaging ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
One Step

Highly photoluminescent carbon dots have been prepared in a one step procedure by hydrothermal treatment of formaldehyde at 180 °C.

scholarly journals Culture of Embryo with a Segment of Ovary Improved Germination and Crossability of Distant Hybrids in Indica Rice

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Bindeshwar Prasad Sah ◽  
Raj Kumar Niroula ◽  
Hari Prasad Bimb
Keyword(s):  
Wild Species ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Embryo Rescue ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Distant Hybridization ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Hybrid Embryo

Distant hybridization in the genus Oryza is realized as an efficient Biotechnological tool for plant breeding work to introgress useful gene/s from diverse array of wild relatives into cultivated rice. This study was carried out to improve the germination frequency of hybrid embryo to enhance the crossability between O. sativa sub spp. indica and wild species. Three cultivars of indica rice viz. IR 64, Radha 4 and IR 69618 - CMS A line (cytoplasmic male sterile A line) were pollinated with the pollen of O. latifolia, O. minuta and O. officinalis. Hybrid caryopsis containing embryos were rescued at tenth day of pollination. In vitro germination frequency of rescued embryos were compared by culturing embryo alone and embryo with a bit of ovary during 2005-06 at Biotechnology Unit, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal. Culture was maintained at 25±1°C under dark until germination and there after continuous light. In majority of the cross combinations, the germination frequencies were found to be higher when embryo excised and cultured with small portion of ovary. This technique yielded up to 100 per cent germination which were later employed to study the crossability between species. Depending upon the cultivars of O. sativa, the frequencies of crossability varied from 0.53 to 3.08 per cent with highest for Radha 4/O. minuta. A total of 38 hybrid plants were successfully produced from 88 cultured embryos isolated from 2644 pollinated florets. Inclusion of a bit of ovary along with embryo in in vitro culture was found to be an effective method not only to improve the germination frequency of hybrid embryo, but also to increase the crossability between cultivars of cultivated rice and their distant relatives. Key words: Embryo rescue; Interspecific hybrid; Oryza sativa; Wild species; O. latifolia; O. minuta; O. officinalis. DOI: 10.3126/sw.v5i5.2655 Scientific World, Vol. 5, No. 5, July 2007 46-50

scholarly journals Expansion of Submucosal Bladder Wall TissueIn VitroandIn Vivo

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Gisela Reinfeldt Engberg ◽  
Clara Ibel Chamorro ◽  
Agneta Nordenskjöld ◽  
Magdalena Fossum
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Bladder Wall ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Detrusor Muscle ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Standard Culture ◽  
One Step

In order to develop autologous tissue engineering of the whole wall in the urinary excretory system, we studied the regenerative capacity of the muscular bladder wall. Smooth muscle cell expansion on minced detrusor musclein vitroandin vivowith or without urothelial tissue was studied. Porcine minced detrusor muscle and urothelium were culturedin vitrounder standard culture conditions for evaluation of the explant technique and in collagen for tissue sectioning and histology. Autografts of minced detrusor muscle with or without minced urothelium were expanded on 3D cylinder moulds by grafting into the subcutaneous fat of the pig abdominal wall. Moulds without autografts were used as controls. Tissue harvesting, mincing, and transplantation were performed as a one-step procedure. Cells from minced detrusor muscle specimens migrated and expandedin vitroon culture plastic and in collagen.In vivostudies with minced detrusor autografts demonstrated expansion and regeneration in all specimens. Minced urothelium autografts showed multilayered transitional urothelium when transplanted alone but not in cotransplantation with detrusor muscle; thus, minced bladder mucosa was not favored by cografting with minced detrusor. No regeneration of smooth muscle or epithelium was seen in controls.

scholarly journals Transplantation of Autologous Minced Bladder Mucosa for a One-Step Reconstruction of a Tissue Engineered Bladder Conduit

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisela Reinfeldt Engberg ◽  
Johan Lundberg ◽  
Clara Ibel Chamorro ◽  
Agneta Nordenskjöld ◽  
Magdalena Fossum
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Bladder Wall ◽  
Bladder Mucosa ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
Microscopic Appearance ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
One Step ◽  
Gross Examination

Surgical intervention is sometimes needed to create a conduit from the abdominal wall to the bladder for self-catheterization. We developed a method for tissue engineering a conduit for bladder emptying withoutin vitrocell culturing as a one-step procedure. In a porcine animal model bladder, wall tissue was excised and the mucosa was minced to small particles. The particles were attached to a tube in a 1 : 3 expansion rate with fibrin glue and transplanted back by attaching the tube to the bladder and through the abdominal wall. Sham served as controls. After 4-5 weeks, conduits were assessed in respect to macroscopic and microscopic appearance in 6 pigs. Two pigs underwent radiology before termination. Gross examination revealed a patent conduit with an opening to the bladder. Histology and immunostaining showed a multilayered transitional uroepithelium in all cases. Up to 89% of the luminal surface area was neoepithelialized but with a loose attachment to the submucosa. No epithelium was found in control animals. CT imaging revealed a patent channel that could be used for filling and emptying the bladder. Animals that experienced surgical complications did not form conduits. Minced autologous bladder mucosa can be transplanted around a tubular mold to create a conduit to the urinary bladder withoutin vitroculturing.

scholarly journals In vitro embryo rescue for the production of hypotetraploids after cross between hypotetraploid and tetraploid grape cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 503-508
Author(s):  
Si-Hong KIM ◽  
Joon-Ho KWON ◽  
Young-Sik PARK ◽  
Jae-Yun HEO
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Rescue ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Cross Combination ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Embryo Formation ◽  
Seedless Grape ◽  
Basal Media ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Grape Cultivars

Consumer demand for seedless grape with high quality and large berry has been increasing. Breeding of hypotetraploid grape was suggested as one of promising methods to satisfy it, but low frequency of hypotetraploid occurrence and low seed germination by abortive embryo were indicated as the major problem to hamper the development of hypotetraploid grape. Hence, this study was carried out to evaluate the basic efficiency of in ovulo embryo culture after the cross between hypotetraploid (‘Hanareum’) and tetraploid (‘Honey Black’ and ‘Kyoho’) grape cultivars on the establishment of hypotetraploid grapes. Embryos and plantlets were hardly obtained in ovules cultured at six after the cross pollination (WAP), but ovules inoculated at 10 WAP produced more embryos as well as plantlets regardless of cross combination. Furthermore, we found that embryo formation was not affected by the basal media in ovules cultured at six WAP, but utilization of specific medium can be more beneficial for embryo formation when ovules were cultured at 10 WAP. A total of 17 plants were obtained from ovules cultured at 10 WAP, and above 50% of plants were identified as hypotetraploid grapes. These results indicate that in vitro embryo rescue after cross pollination between hypotetraploid and tetraploid grape can enhance the efficiency for the breeding of hypotetraploid grapes.

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