Diversity, phylogenetic relationships and host associations of Calliobothrium and Symcallio (Cestoda: ‘Tetraphyllidea') parasitising triakid sharks

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 616 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Bernot ◽  
Janine N. Caira ◽  
Maria Pickering
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Host Genus ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Mustelus Canis

The laciniate, relatively large-bodied tetraphyllidean tapeworm genus Calliobothrium van Beneden, 1850 parasitises triakid sharks with all but one species found parasitising sharks of the genus Mustelus Linck, 1790. Historically, species of this genus were thought to exhibit a relaxed degree of host specificity relative to species of their sister genus Symcallio Bernot, Caira, & Pickering, 2015. However, several more recent studies have begun to question this difference and, in particular, the conspecificity of specimens identified as the types species, C. verticillatum (Rudolphi, 1819) van Beneden, 1850, from multiple host species. Our results suggest that diversity in the genus Calliobothrium has been under-reported. To explore this situation, specimens previously identified as C. verticillatum were collected from Mustelus asterias Cloquet, 1819 off the United Kingdom and Mustelus canis (Mitchell, 1815) off Connecticut, USA; these sharks each were found to host distinct species both of which are described here. Mustelus asterias was also confirmed to host Symcallio leuckarti (van Beneden, 1850) Bernot, Caira & Pickering, 2015, which is redescribed. In combination with newly collected material from Mustelus palumbes Smith, 1957 off South Africa and data available from GenBank, molecular phylogenetic analyses based on 28S rDNA data for four of the seven known species of Calliobothrium, including both new species and five of the 11 known species of Symcallio, were conducted. The resulting phylogeny supports the mutual monophyly of the two genera, which are readily distinguished based on whether they exhibit proglottid laciniations, and supports subclades of Symcallio with and without hook accessory pieces. These subclades of Symcallio appear to exhibit an intriguing congruence with two known subclades of their host genus, Mustelus.

Cortinarius khinganensis (Agaricales), a new species of section Illumini from Northeast China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 500 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
MENG-LE XIE ◽  
TIE-ZHENG WEI ◽  
BÁLINT DIMA ◽  
YONG-PING FU ◽  
RUI-QING JI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species

This study presents one telamonioid species new to science based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Cortinarius khinganensis was collected from the Greater Khingan Mountains, Northeast China and it is characterized by hygrophanous, vivid brownish red and striate pileus, white universal veil, and subglobose spores. According to phylogenetic analyses results, C. khinganensis belongs to the section Illumini, which is a lineage distantly related from subgenus Telamonia sensu stricto. Detailed descriptions of the new species and the comparisons with morphologically similar species are provided. The phylogenetic relationships within the section Illumini are also discussed.

Pleurotheciella nilotica sp. nov. (Pleurotheciales, Ascomycota) from freshwater habitats in Egypt

Nova Hedwigia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Faten A. Abdel-Aziz ◽  
Ali H. Bahkali ◽  
Abdallah M. Elgorban ◽  
Mohamed A. Abdel-Wahab
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
River Nile ◽  
Basal Clade ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Freshwater Habitats ◽  
A New Species

A new species, Pleurotheciella nilotica is described and illustrated from the River Nile, Sohag, Egypt. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of the combined SSU and LSU rDNA placed the new species within Pleurotheciella as a phylogenetically distinct species. P. nilotica formed a basal clade to a node containing P. krabiensis and P.tropica. The new species is characterized by its conidial dimensions being smaller than those recorded in the eleven described species of Pleurotheciella.

A revision of the soft coral genus, Eunephthya Verrill, 1869 (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Nephtheidae), with a description of four new species from South Africa

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3485 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
CATHERINE S. MCFADDEN ◽  
LEEN P. VAN OFWEGEN
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetics ◽  
Soft Coral ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Coral Genus ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Based on the results of morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses of newly collected material, we reinstate thesoft coral genus Eunephthya Verrill, 1869 for a group of species endemic to South Africa. Eunephthya is morphologicallyand phylogenetically distinct from the zooxanthellate, tropical genus Capnella Gray, 1869 with which it had been synon-ymized. In Eunephthya the polyp sclerites include unilaterally spinose or leaf spindles, and the sclerites of the stalk surfaceand interior (when present) are small radiates and spheroids. In contrast, C. imbricata, the type species of Capnella, hasleaf clubs and leaf-capstans in the polyps and stalk surface, and large ovals and irregular forms in the interior. We describefour new species of Eunephthya from Algoa Bay, South Africa—E. celata, E. ericius, E. granulata, and E. shirleyae— and propose a new combination, E. susanae.Keywords. Molecular phylogenetics, Capnella, mtMutS, COI, 28S rDNA, endemism

scholarly journals Ravenelia piepenbringiae and Ravenelia hernandezii, two new rust species on Senegalia (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae) from Panama and Costa Rica

MycoKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 51-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ebinghaus ◽  
D. Begerow
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rdna Sequence ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
Host Genus ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
28S Rdna Sequence

Two new rust species, Raveneliapiepenbringiae and R.hernandezii (Pucciniales) on Senegalia spp. (Fabaceae) are described from the Neotropics (Panama, Costa Rica). A key to the species on neotropical Senegalia spp. is provided. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on 28S rDNA sequence data suggest that the representatives of Senegalia rusts distributed in the neotropics evolved independently from species known from South Africa. This is further supported by the teliospore morphology, which is characterised by uniseriate cysts in the neotropical Senegalia rusts and contrasting multiseriate cysts in the paleotropic Ravenelia species that infect this host genus.

Revisionary systematics of the endemic soft coral fauna (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Alcyoniina) of the Agulhas Bioregion, South Africa

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4363 (4) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
CATHERINE S. MCFADDEN ◽  
LEEN P. VAN OFWEGEN
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Soft Corals ◽  
Endemic Genus ◽  
Coral Fauna ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Endemic Genera

The Agulhas Bioregion of southern South Africa supports a unique octocoral fauna that is entirely endemic to the region. Recent molecular phylogenetic studies indicate that this endemism extends to deeper taxonomic levels than had previously been recognized, and that most of these endemic species belong to genera and families that are also endemic to South Africa. Here we revise the taxonomy of soft corals (subordinal group Alcyoniina) that were previously assigned to the cosmopolitan families Alcyoniidae, Nephtheidae and Nidaliidae, describing three new families endemic to South Africa, along with four new genera and four new species. We reassign the endemic genera Acrophytum, Pieterfaurea and Lampophyton to Acrophytidae n. fam, and describe a new species of Lampophyton, L. spinatum n. sp. The endemic species Protodendron bruuni is reassigned to a new, monotypic genus, Corymbophyton bruuni n. comb., and family, Corymbophytidae n. fam. The endemic genus Leptophyton is placed in a third new family, Leptophytidae n. fam., along with three new genera that are established for species previously assigned to Alcyonium: Circularius wilsoni n. comb., Porphyrophyton distinctum n. comb., and Tenerodus fallax n. comb. In addition, we describe new species of Leptophyton, L. fustis n. sp.; Tenerodus, T. pollex n. gen. n. sp.; and Alcyonium, A. dolium n. sp.; reassign Protodendron verseveldti to Tenerodus verseveldti n. comb.; and reassign the endemic genus Dimorphophyton to family Paralcyoniidae. Although molecular phylogenetic analyses unite Acrophytidae, Corymbophytidae and Leptophytidae within a well-supported monophyletic group, both morphological and molecular distinctions support maintaining them as three separate families. These revisions increase the number of endemic species of shallow-water soft corals known from the Agulhas Bioregion to 40, and the number of endemic genera to 13. 

Molecular phylogenetic studies on the Parmotrema reticulatum (syn. Rimelia reticulata) complex, including the confirmation of P. pseudoreticulatum as a distinct species

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep K. DIVAKAR ◽  
Oscar BLANCO ◽  
David L. HAWKSWORTH ◽  
Ana CRESPO
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Ssu Rdna ◽  
Monophyletic Clade ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Nuclear Its

Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear ITS rDNA and mitochondrial SSU rDNA sequences from 32 specimens representing Parmotrema pseudoreticulatum, P. reticulatum and P. clavuliferum from Africa, Asia, Australia, and Europe are reported. Samples from western Europe and South Africa formed an independent monophyletic group, which belongs to P. pseudoreticulatum, a species not accepted by some recent authors, that has only been reported from Portugal, Spain and Morocco. In contrast, P. reticulatum and P. clavuliferum, both widely distributed taxa, formed a monophyletic clade, supporting the synonymy already proposed on the basis of morphological features.

Amanita rufobrunnescens, a new species of Amanita section Amidella from South China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 243 (2) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wangqiu Deng ◽  
Taihui Li ◽  
MD. IQBAL HOSEN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South China ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species

Amanita rufobrunnescens is described as a new species in the subgenus Lepidella section Amidella from Guangdong Province, China. It is characterized by whitish basidiomes that bruise reddish brown, brownish sub-membranous to fibrillose volval remnants on the pileus, a striate pileus margin, white lamellae with truncate lamellulae, grayish orange to light brown volva, amyloid basidiospores that are ellipsoid to elongate (9.5–)10–12(–13) × (5–)5.5–6.5(–7) µm, and 5–10 μm wide pileipellis hyphae with yellowish vacuolar pigments. There are no clamp connections. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on the nuclear ribosomal large subunit of nuclear ribosomal DNA (LSU) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences reveal that A. rufobrunnescens is a distinct species.

scholarly journals Thesium nautimontanum, a new species of Thesiaceae (Santalales) from South Africa

PhytoKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Angel García ◽  
Daniel L. Nickrent ◽  
Ladislav Mucina
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
South American ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Western Cape Province ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Sequences ◽  
Conservation Concern ◽  
A New Species

ThesiumnautimontanumM.A. García, Nickrent & Mucina, a new species from the Matroosberg Mt. of Western Cape Province of South Africa, is described and illustrated. This species shows several morphological features unusual for the genus including stem sympodial branching, indeterminate spicate inflorescences subtended by numerous bracts and fleshy, non-trichome tissue lining the inside of the corolla lobes. Molecular phylogenetic analyses using nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer sequences place this taxon as sister to all African, Madagascan and South AmericanThesiumspecies. Given that only two proximal populations are known, this species is of conservation concern.

scholarly journals Morphology, Multilocus Phylogeny, and Toxin Analysis Reveal Amanita albolimbata, the First Lethal Amanita Species From Benin, West Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Evans I. Codjia ◽  
Qing Cai ◽  
Sheng Wen Zhou ◽  
Hong Luo ◽  
Martin Ryberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
New Species ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
The World ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Resolution Mass ◽  
Multilocus Phylogeny

Many species of Amanita sect. Phalloideae (Fr.) Quél. cause death of people after consumption around the world. Amanita albolimbata, a new species of A. sect. Phalloideae from Benin, is described here. The taxon represents the first lethal species of A. sect. Phalloideae known from Benin. Morphology and molecular phylogenetic analyses based on five genes (ITS, nrLSU, rpb2, tef1-α, and β-tubulin) revealed that A. albolimbata is a distinct species. The species is characterized by its smooth, white pileus sometimes covered by a patchy volval remnant, a bulbous stipe with a white limbate volva, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid, amyloid basidiospores, and abundant inflated cells in the volva. Screening for the most notorious toxins by liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry revealed the presence of α-amanitin, β-amanitin, and phallacidin in A. albolimbata.

Three New Species of Rhizopogon from Southwest China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 282 (2) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIN LI ◽  
YONGCHANG ZHAO ◽  
DEQUN ZHOU ◽  
FUQIANG YU ◽  
LINYONG ZHENG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Three New Species

Rhizopogon fruiting bodies were collected from Pinus forests in Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces in southwest China. Based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses, three new species are described as Rhizopogon jiyaozi, Rhizopogon flavidus and Rhizopogon sinoalbidus. Their phylogenetic relationships to each other and previously described species are discussed.

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