Environmental forcing in a tropical estuarine ecosystem: the Palizada River in the southern Gulf of Mexico

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 735 ◽  
Author(s):  
César Fuentes-Yaco ◽  
David Alberto Salas de León ◽  
María Adela Monreal-Gómez ◽  
Francisco Vera-Herrera

Environmental characteristics of the fluvial–deltaic–lagoon–estuarine system of the Palizada River were determined by the assessment of physical, environmental and hydrological variability. Environmental information comprised daily time series of precipitation (1971–85), Usumacinta River discharge (1948–94), sea level (1956–91) and wind patterns (1984–87). Hydrology was studied by weekly measurement of salinity, transparency,temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH at 18 stations during 19 months (September 1985 to March 1987). Water temperature reflected the climatic seasons: dry, rainy and winter frontal storms (‘Nortes’). During the rainy season fresh water dominated the whole area, but during the dry season a salt wedge entered as far as Del Este Lagoon.Northern winds allowed saline water to reach intermediate regions and occasionally the upstream freshwater head of the estuary. There are annual, 6-month and 3.2-month oscillations in the environmental records: the annual signal is modulated by precipitation, fluvial discharge and sea level; the 6-month signal has an implicit periodicity driven by the changes in the wind direction that affect all other parameters; and the 3.2-month period seems to be modulated by the rainy, dry and ‘Nortes’ seasons. Cluster analysis identified eight ecological regions based on the hydrological variables. Resumen. Las características ambientales del sistema fluvio–deltáico–lagunar estuarino del Río Palizada fueron determinadas a través del estudio de su variabilidad física, ambiental e hidrológica. La información ambiental comprende series de tiempo diarias de precipitación pluvial (1971–85), descarga fluvial del Río Usumacinta (1948-94), nivel del mar (1956–91) y dirección y velocidad del viento (1984–87). La hidrología comprende mediciones semanales de salinidad, transparencia, temperatura, oxígeno disuelto y pH en 18 estaciones durante 19 meses (Septiembre de 1985 a Marzo de 1987). La temperatura del agua refleja las estaciones climáticas: secas, lluvias y frentes invernales (‘Nortes’). Durante la época de lluvias el agua dulce predomina en toda el área, sin embargo durante la estación de secas la cuña salina llega hasta la Laguna del Este. Los vientos del norte promueven el avance del agua salina a las regiones intermedias y ocasionalmente hasta la cabecera del estuario. Las oscilaciones ambientales muestran períodos anuales, semestrales y de 3.2 meses: el ciclo anual está modulado por la precipitación pluvial, la descarga fluvial y el nivel del mar; el ciclo semestral tiene una periodicidad implícita gobernada por cambios en la dirección del viento que afecta los demás parámetros y el ciclo de 3.2 meses parece estar modulado por las estaciones climáticas de lluvias, secas y nortes. Los análisis Cluster basados en las variables hidrológicas permiten la identificación de ocho regiones ecológicas.

Radiocarbon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-311
Author(s):  
Alex da Silva de Freitas ◽  
Javier Helenes Escamilla ◽  
Cintia Ferreira Barreto ◽  
Alex Cardoso Bastos ◽  
Estefan Monteiro da Fonseca ◽  
...  

ABSTRACTMicropaleontological and geochemical data were applied to sediments from southeastern Brazil to study the hydrodynamics associated with the Holocene sea level rise. Sediment cores were taken around Vitória Bay, examined for dinoflagellate cysts and subjected to isotopic analysis. The cyst assemblage mainly dominated by autotrophic species most notably O. centrocarpum, L. machaerophorum and T. vancampoae. The influence of the marine transgression and subsequent regression observed during the Holocene along the coast of Brazil could have initially favored the establishment of an oligotrophic and higher energy environment. The inflow of continental water from tributaries combined with a higher inflow of saline water into the estuarine system could have favored the establishment and subsequent deposition of the dinocysts.


2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 641
Author(s):  
Mariana Guenther ◽  
Alejandro E. S. F. Costa ◽  
Valdylene T. Pessoa-Fidelis ◽  
Sigrid Neumann-Leitão

The plankton trophic structure of a hypereutrophic tropical estuarine system was evaluated in the dry and wet seasons, as well as during the dry–wet transition period, over 1 year. Correlations between micro- and mesozooplankton abundance and composition and both size-fractioned phytoplankton biomass and abiotic variables were investigated in order to understand seasonal variations in plankton interactions and provide a conceptual trophic model for the plankton community. Rainfall is the main environmental forcing factor for this system, and the plankton community responded accordingly, with different structures during each season sampled. The resulting trophic model shows a multivorous food web, where both longer microbial and shorter herbivore food webs occur simultaneously. Microzooplankton play a crucial role in this ecosystem, linking both small and large phytoplankton to the mesozooplankton. These results have important implications for estuarine management practices, particularly under highly eutrophic conditions.


2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1845-1862 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Jørgensen ◽  
W. Scheer ◽  
S. Thomsen ◽  
T. O. Sonnenborg ◽  
K. Hinsby ◽  
...  

Abstract. Geophysical techniques are increasingly being used as tools for characterising the subsurface, and they are generally required to develop subsurface models that properly delineate the distribution of aquifers and aquitards, salt/freshwater interfaces, and geological structures that affect groundwater flow. In a study area covering 730 km2 across the border between Germany and Denmark, a combination of an airborne electromagnetic survey (performed with the SkyTEM system), a high-resolution seismic survey and borehole logging has been used in an integrated mapping of important geological, physical and chemical features of the subsurface. The spacing between flight lines is 200–250 m which gives a total of about 3200 line km. About 38 km of seismic lines have been collected. Faults bordering a graben structure, buried tunnel valleys, glaciotectonic thrust complexes, marine clay units, and sand aquifers are all examples of geological structures mapped by the geophysical data that control groundwater flow and to some extent hydrochemistry. Additionally, the data provide an excellent picture of the salinity distribution in the area and thus provide important information on the salt/freshwater boundary and the chemical status of groundwater. Although the westernmost part of the study area along the North Sea coast is saturated with saline water and the TEM data therefore are strongly influenced by the increased electrical conductivity there, buried valleys and other geological elements are still revealed. The mapped salinity distribution indicates preferential flow paths through and along specific geological structures within the area. The effects of a future sea level rise on the groundwater system and groundwater chemistry are discussed with special emphasis on the importance of knowing the existence, distribution and geometry of the mapped geological elements, and their control on the groundwater salinity distribution is assessed.


Oceanologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunpandi Nagarathinam ◽  
Jyothibabu Retnamma ◽  
Jagadeesan Loganathan ◽  
Parthasarathi Singaram ◽  
Savitha Mohanan ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 101659
Author(s):  
Nayana Buarque A. Silva ◽  
Manuel Flores-Montes ◽  
Marcella Guennes ◽  
Gislayne Borges ◽  
Carlos Noriega ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Ayaz Ahmed ◽  
Hema Naik ◽  
Sarvesh S. Adel ◽  
Pratirupa Bardhan ◽  
Mangesh Gauns ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jhostin Ramos ◽  
Marco Boto ◽  
Juan Felipe Blanco-Libreros ◽  
José M. Riascos

Periwinkles (Littorinidae: genus Littoraria) are one of the very few molluscan clades showing an adaptive radiation closely associated to the mangrove habitat. However, pervasive land use changes associated to urbanization is prompting mangrove loss or degradation, with unknown consequences for mangrove-associated fauna. In the southern Colombian Caribbean, mangrove ecosystems have been encroached by human settlements and different populations of Littoraria angulifera (Lamarck, 1822) now inhabit anthropogenic intertidal substrates in urban areas, but the demographic traits of populations thriving in these novel environments are unknown. We studied the relative abundance and size structure of L. angulifera in remnant mangrove patches, woody debris and anthropogenic substrates (boulder seawalls and built structures) in 13 locations throughout the Urabá Gulf, a human-transformed tropical estuarine system. The abundance of L. angulifera was up to two orders of magnitude higher in anthropogenic than in quasi-natural or natural substrates. Snails also displayed a significant preference for wave protected positions in boulder seawalls and built structures exposed to heavy wave action, which was not previously reported in mangrove forests. Moreover, snail populations in anthropogenic substrate were consistently dominated by individuals of small sizes in comparison with mangroves or driftwood. We argue that the anthropogenic disturbances caused by the expansion of Turbo city during nearly one century in a coast formerly dominated by mangrove forests are providing novel and expanding habitats, whose quality might be good enough as to support high-density populations of L. angulifera. However, we hypothesize that shifted thermal regimes in hard and novel wave-exposed urban seascapes might also be prompting behavioral adjustments and the selection of smaller size ranges than those observed in mangrove forests.


1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Medeiros ◽  
Björn Kjerfve

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