scholarly journals Quality not quantity: conserving species of low mobility and dispersal capacity in south-western Australian urban remnants

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leanda Denise Mason ◽  
Grant Wardell-Johnson ◽  
Barbara York Main
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Patch Size ◽  
Invasive Grass ◽  
Dispersal Capacity ◽  
Remnant Vegetation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Western Australian

Urban remnant vegetation is subject to varying degrees of disturbance that may or may not be proportional to the size of the patch. The impact of disturbance within patches on species with low mobility and dispersal capabilities was investigated in a survey targeting nemesiid species of the mygalomorph spider clade in the Perth metropolitan area, south-western Australia. Nemesiid presence was not influenced by patch size, but presence did negatively correlate with higher degrees of invasive grass and rabbit disturbance. Further, patch size was significantly positively correlated with degree of disturbance caused by rabbits. Compared with quadrats, patches were not as effective as sample units in determining the impact of disturbance on nemesiid presence.

Computer modelling of the effect of revegetation strategies on salinity in the western wheatbelt of Western Australia 1. The impact of revegetation strategies

Soil Research ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Clarke ◽  
G. W. Mauger ◽  
R. W. Bell ◽  
R. J. Hobbs CSIRO
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Computer Modelling ◽  
Distributed Parameter ◽  
Remnant Vegetation ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Saline Area ◽  
The Many ◽  
Revegetation Strategies ◽  
The Impact

The interactions between land, vegetation, and climate are highly complex and there are few demonstrations of the many potential combinations of treatments which could be used to combat dryland salinity. For this reason, computer simulations are used. This is the first of 2 papers that describe the results of computer modelling of revegetation strategies to reduce land and water salinisation in the western wheatbelt of Western Australia. A distributed parameter, physically based, cellular, 2-layer, mathematical model was used to simulate the effect of a variety of treatments. Modelling predicted that if current land use continues, 40% of the cleared area will become saline. Modelling replacement of the annual pasture with a deep-rooted perennial pasture or pristine native vegetation prevented the onset of salinity, but block or alley treatments always left a significant residual saline area and seepage even at the highest density of revegetation modelled. Combining remnant vegetation in pristine condition, 60-m-spaced tree belts and deep-rooted perennial pasture in mainly the upper mid-slope bays between tree belts reduced saline land to 10% of the cleared area and seepage volume to 30% of the untreated case. The second paper describes the impact of faults on treatment effectiveness.

Impact of Red Kangaroos on the Pasture Layer in the Western Australian Arid Zone.

1993 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
GL Norbury ◽  
DC Norbury ◽  
RB Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Shrub Community ◽  
Macropus Rufus ◽  
Perennial Shrub ◽  
Native Shrubs ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Western Australian

We studied the impact of grazing by red kangaroos (Macropus rufus) on pasture biomass and species diversity over a 32-month period in destocked open shrubland in the Gascoyne region of Western Australia. Grazing significantly impeded the accumulation of annual and perennial grass biomass in a degraded perennial shrub community (Pc0.001 and P<0.05) and on denuded sites that were cultivated and reseeded with native shrubs (P<0.01 and Pc0.01). The accumulation of annual and perennial forb biomass was unaffected by kangaroo grazing. After 12 months, pasture species diversity was significantly greater on degraded perennial sites protected from kangaroo grazing (P<0.05). Commercial kangaroo shooting did not alleviate the impact of kangaroo grazing on grass accumulation (P<0.01). Unless more effective methods of kangaroo control are integrated with stock reductions, the recovery of degraded rangeland pastures is likely to be severely limited.

scholarly journals The Impact of a Stuttering Disorder on Western Australian Children and Adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet M. Beilby ◽  
Michelle L. Byrnes ◽  
J. Scott Yaruss
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Adverse Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Western Australian

In this study, we examined the impact of a stuttering disorder on children (n=50) and adolescents (n=45) living in Western Australia. We compared the reactions and experiences of children and adolescents who stutter to children and adolescents who do not stutter. We compared the participants who stuttered and the fluent participants using adapted versions of the Overall Assessment of the Speaker’s Experience of Stuttering (OASES). We also examined the relationship between biopsychosocial impact and stuttered speech frequency. We saw higher levels of adverse impact in young people who stuttered compared to their fluent peers. In addition, we found moderate correlations between OASES scores and stuttered speech frequency in children. These findings provided a baseline for establishing the degree of negative impact that a stuttering disorder may bring about in children and adolescents. The experiences of young people who stuttered were significantly different from the experiences of young people who were typically fluent. These findings reinforce the notion that stuttering is a disorder that can lead to negative impact for young people.

Evaluating the impact of air pollution on the incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the Perth (Western Australia) metropolitan area: 2000–2010

Resuscitation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. S59
Author(s):  
Lahn Straney ◽  
Alexandra Bremner ◽  
Andrew Tonkin ◽  
Martine Dennekamp ◽  
Ian Jacobs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

The Impact of Infants in Prison on Institutional Life: A Study of the Mother/Infant Prison Programme in Western Australia

1983 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janette Hartz-Karp
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Prison System ◽  
Western World ◽  
Total Institution ◽  
Family Ties ◽  
Prison Life ◽  
Prison Systems ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Western Australian

The Western Australian prison system, following trends of other prison systems in the western world, has embarked upon a limited programme of accommodating infants with their prisoner mothers during the mother's term of imprisonment. This research canvasses other mother/infant programmes noted in the literature, pointing to the special nature of the Western Australian situation. The focus of the study is on the impact of infants in prison on institutional life and the management problems so engendered. The data indicate that overall, infants have a positive impact on prison life, muting some of the more debilitating effects of institutionalization. The finding that the impact of the mother/infant prison programme is more peripheral to institutional life than expected is explained in the light of the obduracy of the "total institution". The major concerns expressed by those interviewed: prison staff, prisoner mothers and other prisoners, are, respectively: prisoner management, mother/infant prison facilities and family ties, and concerns of justice. With these issues in mind, problems of the current programme are discussed together with suggested resolutions.

Factors that contribute to urban–rural gradients in risk of schizophrenia: Comparing Danish and Western Australian registers

2021 ◽  
pp. 000486742110096
Author(s):  
Oleguer Plana-Ripoll ◽  
Patsy Di Prinzio ◽  
John J McGrath ◽  
Preben B Mortensen ◽  
Vera A Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Indigenous Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Western Australian

Introduction: An association between schizophrenia and urbanicity has long been observed, with studies in many countries, including several from Denmark, reporting that individuals born/raised in densely populated urban settings have an increased risk of developing schizophrenia compared to those born/raised in rural settings. However, these findings have not been replicated in all studies. In particular, a Western Australian study showed a gradient in the opposite direction which disappeared after adjustment for covariates. Given the different findings for Denmark and Western Australia, our aim was to investigate the relationship between schizophrenia and urbanicity in these two regions to determine which factors may be influencing the relationship. Methods: We used population-based cohorts of children born alive between 1980 and 2001 in Western Australia ( N = 428,784) and Denmark ( N = 1,357,874). Children were categorised according to the level of urbanicity of their mother’s residence at time of birth and followed-up through to 30 June 2015. Linkage to State-based registers provided information on schizophrenia diagnosis and a range of covariates. Rates of being diagnosed with schizophrenia for each category of urbanicity were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for covariates. Results: During follow-up, 1618 (0.4%) children in Western Australia and 11,875 (0.9%) children in Denmark were diagnosed with schizophrenia. In Western Australia, those born in the most remote areas did not experience lower rates of schizophrenia than those born in the most urban areas (hazard ratio = 1.02 [95% confidence interval: 0.81, 1.29]), unlike their Danish counterparts (hazard ratio = 0.62 [95% confidence interval: 0.58, 0.66]). However, when the Western Australian cohort was restricted to children of non-Aboriginal Indigenous status, results were consistent with Danish findings (hazard ratio = 0.46 [95% confidence interval: 0.29, 0.72]). Discussion: Our study highlights the potential for disadvantaged subgroups to mask the contribution of urban-related risk factors to risk of schizophrenia and the importance of stratified analysis in such cases.

The duck curve in a drying pond: The impact of rooftop PV on the Western Australian electricity market transition

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 101232
Author(s):  
Sam Wilkinson ◽  
Martin J. Maticka ◽  
Yue Liu ◽  
Michele John
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Market ◽  
Market Transition ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Western Australian

Life cycle of the western school prawn, Metapenaeus dalli Racek, in a Western Australian estuary

1986 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
IC Potter ◽  
JW Penn ◽  
KS Brooker
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Second Year Of Life ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Australian Estuary ◽  
Western Australian

The absence of marine records for M. dalli below latitude 31�S., together with data on gonadal stages and spermatophore deposition on females of this species in the Swan estuary, provide very strong indications that the western school prawn typically breeds in estuarine environments in south-western Australia. The 0 + recruits, which first appeared in samples in February, remained in the estuary during the following months and by November had reached a size suitable for exploitation. At this time they were approaching sexual maturity and were starting to move from the shallows to the deeper waters of the estuary where they remained for their second year of life. In contrast to Australian Penaeus species, M. dalli mates during the intermoult period when the shell is hard rather than immediately after moulting.

scholarly journals The impact of monetary incentives on general fertility rates in Western Australia

2010 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 296-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda T Langridge ◽  
Natasha Nassar ◽  
Jianghong Li ◽  
Peter Jacoby ◽  
Fiona J Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Monetary Incentives ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
The Impact
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