Short-term effects of wheat straw incorporation into paddy field as affected by rice transplanting time

Soil Research ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 281 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ma ◽  
H. Xu ◽  
Y. Han ◽  
Z. C. Cai ◽  
K. Yagi
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Available N ◽  
Rice Growth ◽  
N Immobilisation ◽  
Straw Incorporation ◽  
Short Term Effects

Short-term effects of wheat straw incorporation into paddy field include stimulation of CH4 emissions, immobilisation of available N, suppression of rice growth, and accumulation of toxic materials. To study these short-term effects as affected by timing of rice transplantation, a field experiment was conducted at Dapu, China, in 2005. Two levels of wheat straw (0 and 3.75 t/ha) and 2 rice-transplanting times (normal and delayed) were adopted in this experiment. Methane emissions, concentrations of soil mineral N, dry matter accumulations, and grain yields were measured. Delayed rice transplantation had no effect on total CH4 emission from paddy fields incorporated with wheat straw (P > 0.05), but a significant effect on mineralisation of N (P < 0.05), in contrast to the net N immobilisation in the fields where seedlings were transplanted on the normal date. In paddy fields incorporated with wheat straw, delayed transplantation tended to promote rice growth and increase grain yield compared with transplantation on the normal date.

scholarly journals The distribution of blue-green algae (Cyanobacteria) from the paddy fields of Patan and Karad tehsils of Satara District, Maharashtra, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 14862-14869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharada Jagannath Ghadage ◽  
Vaneeta Chandrashekhar Karande
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Available N ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Green Algal ◽  
Physico Chemical

The distribution pattern of blue-green algae was studied from paddy fields of Patan and Karad tehsils in relation to physico-chemical properties of soil, viz., pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon %, available N, P, and K.  Paddy field soil samples of 38 localities from Patan and 28 localities from Karad were analysed.  One-hundred-and-thirty-seven species belonging to 35 genera of 10 families from three orders were encountered from paddy field soils of both the tehsils.  Out of 66 soil samples 93.65% samples showed occurrence of unicellular, heterocystous and non heterocystous forms while 6.34% soil samples showed only non heterocystous forms.  Anabaena and Oscillatoria were found to be of common occurrence.  Significant variation was not observed in distribution pattern of blue-green algal forms in relation to physico-chemical properties during successive surveys.

Mineral nitrogen supply from pastures to cereals in three northern Victorian environments

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Harris ◽  
M. J. Unkovich ◽  
J. Humphris
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Mineral N ◽  
Soil Mineral ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Available N ◽  
Cereal Grain

An experiment at 3 sites (Birchip, Elmore and Speed) in the northern Victorian cropping belt compared dry matter (DM) production of short-term (2 year) pastures and their contributions to soil mineral nitrogen (N) and subsequent wheat and barley production. The pastures included different varieties of subterranean clover, annual medic and lucerne, and these were compared with ryegrass-dominant pasture, which represented the experimental control. More productive legume pastures generally resulted in greater accumulation of soil mineral N at sowing of the following cereal at both Elmore and Speed; however, at Birchip, soil mineral N remained high under all treatments. At Elmore and Speed, significant (P<0.10) positive relationships were observed between available N at sowing and subsequent wheat and barley production. Cereal grain yield at Birchip was not associated with available N at sowing. The quantities of soil mineral N available at sowing (152 kg/ha) of the cereals were in excess of crop demand at Birchip. At Elmore, the soil mineral N supply (83 kg/ha) was below that required for wheat and barley to reach their water-limited potential yield (20 kg grain/mm of growing season rainfall). However, at Speed, the supply of soil mineral N (63 kg/ha) was sufficient to achieve the water-limited potential grain yield and to produce malting-grade barley, but not sufficient to elevate wheat grain protein concentrations above 11.5%. In environments with low soil N levels, the amount of residual N following short-term pastures increased the availability of N to following cereals. Whether this is sufficient to satisfy subsequent crop demand is largely determined by water availability in the year of cropping. In cases where available N is already high, short-term pasture phases may have little effect on increasing crop production.

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