A proposed method for the measurement of exchange properties of highly weathered soils

Soil Research ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
GP Gillman
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Barium Chloride ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Potential Surfaces ◽  
Exchange Method ◽  
Barium Chloride Solution ◽  
Highly Weathered Soils ◽  
Basic Cations

The 'compulsive exchange' method of Bascomb has been modified to allow the determination of cation exchange capacity and anion exchange capacity of soils containing significant quantities of constant potential surfaces. The soil is equilibrated with unbuffered barium chloride solution at an ionic strength approximating that of the soil solution, so that the conditions under which determinations are made are similar to those found in the field. Barium on the exchange complex is then replaced by magnesium when the latter is added as magnesium sulfate, and this is accomplished without altering the solution ionic strength. If desired, exchangeable basic cations can be determined as an additional step in the procedure. Results obtained by the proposed method are compared with other commonly used procedures for determining cation exchange capacity and exchangeable basic cations.

scholarly journals Cation exchange capacity of an oxisol amended with an effluent from domestic sewage treatment

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 552-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriel Ferreira da Fonseca ◽  
Luís Reynaldo Ferracciú Alleoni ◽  
Adolpho José Melfi ◽  
Célia Regina Montes
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Barium Chloride ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Ionic Force ◽  
Barium Chloride Solution

The addition of Na-rich anthropogenic residues to tropical soils has stimulated the scientific community to study the role of sodium in both the soil solution and the exchange complex. In this study, several different methods were used to calculate the concentration of exchangeable and soluble cations and this data was then used to establish correlations between the level of these cations and both the accumulation of various elements and the dry weight of maize grown in a greenhouse under different conditions. In the closed environments of the pots, the most suitable method for calculating the effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) was the cation exchange capacity calculated by cations removed with barium chloride solution (CEC S). Then again, the actual cation exchange capacity (CEC A) should be measured by using Mg adsorption to prevent ionic force from influencing electric charges. A strong positive correlation was obtained between the concentrations of Na in the 1:2 soil:water extracts and the accumulation of Na in the maize plants, indicating saline or double acid extractors are not needed when monitoring the Na concentration only.

Surface charge characteristics and lime requirements of soils derived from basaltic, granite and metamorphic rocks in high rainfall tropical Queensland

Soil Research ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
GP Gillman ◽  
EA Sumpter
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Method ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Basaltic Soils ◽  
Highly Weathered Soils

The cation and anion exchange capacities of a large number of soils formed on basaltic, granitic, and metamorphic parent materials in the high rainfall area (approximately 4000 mm) of tropical north Queensland have been examined. Aspects studied included the changes in CEC and AEC between pH 4 and pH 6, the relative amounts of permanent and variable charge over this pH range, and the lime requirements of these highly weathered soils. A distinction is made between the Total Cation Exchange Capacity (CECT), defined as the Ca + Al adsorbed, and the Basic Cation Exchange Capacity (CECB), which is the Ca adsorbed. At low pH, CECB may be much less than CECT. The CEC, increase with pH in the highly oxidic basaltic soils is largely due to changes in surface charge, while in the granitic and metamorphic soils, increasing occupation of exchange sites by Al as pH decreases is the factor responsible for the increase in CECB. A good estimation of CECB at soil pH is obtained with a previously described compulsive exchange method, and there is high correlation between CECT at soil pH and the Effective Cation Exchange Capacity (= Ca + Mg + K + Na + Al). The amount of lime required to raise soil pH to pH 5.5 in the granitic and metamorphic soils was equivalent to the amount of exchangeable Al, but in the basaltic soils the lime requirement was two to three times greater than the amount of exchangeable Al.

Effects of pH and ionic strength on the cation exchange capacity of soils with variable charge

Soil Research ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
GP Gillman
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Surface Soils ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Variable Charge ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Variable Charge Soils

The cation exchange capacity of six surface soils from north Queensland and Hawaii has been measured over a range of pH values (4-6) and ionic strength values (0.003-0.05). The results show that for variable charge soils, modest changes in electrolyte ionic strength are as important in their effect on caton exchange capacity as are changes in pH values.

scholarly journals Chemical properties of long-term irrigated Fluvisols of the Beli Drim river valley in the Klina region (Serbia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Miodrag Tolimir ◽  
Branka Kresović ◽  
Borivoj Pejić ◽  
Katarina Gajić ◽  
Angelina Tapanarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Base Cations ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Basic Cations ◽  
Hydrolytic Acidity

The impact of long-term (> 100 yr) irrigation on soil chemical properties was studied on eight plots in the Beli Drim river valley in Kosovo and Metohija near Klina, Serbia. For these studies, soil samples from shallow profiles were collected from only one or two depth zones of the Ah horizon; and from moderately deep and deep profiles, from two to three depth zones for the purpose of comparing irrigated field and non-irrigated meadow lands. Water from the Beli Drim River and surface gravity systems (irrigation furrows or border strip irrigation) were used for irrigation. Chemical variables included determination of pH-H2O, content of CaCO3, content of humus, hydrolytic acidity, sum of basic cations, cation exchange capacity, and base saturation. On irrigated soils, the results of chemical analysis showed on average a small increase in pH-H2O (0.07 pH units), as well as a significant decrease in humus content (2.00-4.75%), sum of basic cations (4.98-12.98%) and cation exchange capacity (12.8%) compared to the non-irrigated land of the study area. Long-term irrigation had no effect on hydrolytic acidity and base saturation in the Ah horizon of the investigated lands. Namely, the mentioned variations in the chemical properties of the investigated soils show that slight processes of reduction in the humus content and reduction of the content of base cations occured. Data on the chemical properties of the investigated soils indicate that the destructive processes of reduction in the humus content and leaching of base cations must be controlled in order to achieve a stable sustainable system of high productivity and prevent their further deterioration.

scholarly journals Adsorption Potentials of Alfisol on Glyphosate and Cadmium Contaminants

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
F. B. Okanlawon ◽  
O. O. Awotoye ◽  
P. O. Ogunbamowo
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
University Of Ibadan ◽  
Ibadan Nigeria

Aims: This study aimed at demonstrating the adsorption capacity as well as the removal of glyphosate and cadmium unto Alfisols. Place and Duration of Study: Research was carried out in Analytical Laboratory of Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. The soil sample was collected from an undisturbed forest land, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Methodology: The soil sample was air dried for 72 hours under ambient temperature and allowed to pass through 2 mm sieve before use. All solutions and soil dispersions were prepared using de-ionised water. The pH, organic carbon, particle size, exchangeable cations, cation exchange capacity, available phosphorus and soil total nitrogen were all analysed for in the soil sample following the standard procedures likewise the cadmium and glyphosate adsorption/adsorbent studied. Results: The pH of the soil is slightly acidic with high total organic carbon, while the cation exchange capacity is on the lower side. The textural class of the soil greatly influences its water retention capacity, thus the soil under study is predominantly sandy. A decrease in the equilibrium adsorption capacity was observed when the adsorbent dose was increased from 0.2 – 0.8 g however, with a sharp increase at a dose of 1 g. An increase in the percentage cadmium removal was observed with increase in pH from 48.80% to a maximum of 91.10% at neutral pH. The result also indicates that increasing the initial concentration of the cadmium ions and glyphosate lead to an increase in the uptake capacity of the soil for both adsorbate. At higher ionic strength of 0.1 M, the peak removal was obtained at initial concentration of 10 ppm which eventually attains equilibrium at other concentration level. Conclusion: Alfisol can therefore concluded to be an adsorbent provided some conditions like a low cadmium concentration, a neutral pH and a higher adsorbent dosage are adhere too. While glyphosate removal, a pH of 5 and higher ionic strength of KNO3. is required.

Sorption of Eu(III) on Fe–montmorillonite relevant to geological disposal of HLW

2018 ◽  
Vol 106 (12) ◽  
pp. 971-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh Chikkamath ◽  
Madhuri A. Patel ◽  
Aishwarya S. Kar ◽  
Vaibhavi Raut ◽  
Bhupendra Singh Tomar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Exchange Method ◽  
Sorption Data ◽  
Sorption Behaviour ◽  
Geological Disposal ◽  
Buffer Material

Abstract Montmorillonite (Mt) is the major clay mineral of bentonite, which is the candidate buffer material in the engineered barrier system for geological disposal of high level waste (HLW). The alteration of Mt due to its interaction with carbon steel (overpack) can produce Fe–Mt. In order to understand the basic properties of Fe–Mt, the sorption studies using Eu(III) are reported here. For this, Fe(III)–Mt was prepared by conventional cation exchange method using FeCl3 with Na–Mt. The obtained Fe(III)–Mt was then reduced to Fe(II)–Mt using ascorbic acid. Both the samples were characterized based on their X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectra, cation exchange capacity and specific surface area. The batch sorption studies of Eu(III) were conducted for both Fe(III)–Mt and Fe(II)–Mt as a function of pH (3–10), ionic strength (0.001 M–1 M) and Eu(III) concentration (10−8–10−3 M). The distribution coefficient (Kd) was found to be higher for Fe(III)–Mt compared to Fe(II)–Mt and Na–Mt. The sudden increase in sorption in the pH range 4.5–6 and remaining constant beyond it indicates ion exchange mechanism at pH<4.5, with surface complexation mechanism dominating the sorption at pH>4.5. This is further corroborated by ionic strength dependent sorption data which shows decrease in sorption capacity of Fe–Mt with increasing ionic strength at low pH, but remaining more or less unchanged at higher pH. Eu(III) adsorption isotherm on Fe–Mt increased linearly with [Eu(III)] reaching saturation at 10−5 M and 10−4 M for Fe(III)–Mt and Fe(II)–Mt, respectively. The amount of iron released from Fe–Mt and Fe(II)/Fetotal during sorption were estimated to understand the effect on Eu(III) sorption behaviour by release of interlayer iron in Fe–Mt.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document