scholarly journals 022.Spermatogonial stem cells: from basic research to clinical applications

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
S. Schlatt
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Spermatogonial Stem Cells ◽  
Immunodeficient Mice ◽  
Germ Cell Transplantation ◽  
Oncological Patients

The testis contains undifferentiated spermatogonia and is therefore the only adult organ populated with proliferating germline cells. Whereas the biology of these cells is quite well understood in rodents, their modes of mitotic expansion and differentiation are poorly understood in primates. The existence of these cells offers clinically relevant options for preservation and restoration of male fertility. New approaches based on male germ cell transplantation and testicular tissue grafting can be applied to generate a limited number of sperm and could therefore be considered as important new avenues applicable to a variety of disciplines like animal conservation, genetic germline modification or restoration of fertility in oncological patients. In principle, germ cell transplantation presents a removal of the stem cell from the donor's niche and a transfer into the niche of a recipient. Grafting can be considered as a transplantation of the stem cell in conjunction with its niche. Germ cell transplantation of human spermatogonia into mouse testes revealed that the stem cells survive and expand but are not able to differentiate and complete spermatogenesis. We have developed an approach to infuse germ cells into monkey and human testes and showed that germ cell transplantation is feasible as an autologous approach in primates. Furthermore, we applied germ cell transplantation in the monkey model mimicking a gonadal protection strategy for oncological patients. Ectopic xenografting of testicular tissue was applied to generate fertile sperm from a variety of species. Newborn testicular tissue was grafted into the back skin of immunodeficient mice and developed up to qualitatively complete spermatogenesis. The rapid progress in the development of novel experimental strategies to generate sperm from cryopreserved spermatogonial stem cells or immature testicular tissue will lead to many new options for germline manipulation and fertility preservation.

scholarly journals Aging- and temperature-related activity of spermatogonial stem cells for germ cell transplantation in medaka

2020 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 213-221
Author(s):  
Rungsun Duangkaew ◽  
Fumi Kezuka ◽  
Kensuke Ichida ◽  
Surintorn Boonanuntanasarn ◽  
Goro Yoshizaki
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Spermatogonial Stem Cells ◽  
Related Activity ◽  
Germ Cell Transplantation

scholarly journals Spermatogonial stem cells from domestic animals: progress and prospects

Reproduction ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 147 (3) ◽  
pp. R65-R74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zheng ◽  
Yaqing Zhang ◽  
Rongfeng Qu ◽  
Ying He ◽  
Xiue Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Spermatogonial Stem Cells ◽  
Germ Cell Transplantation

Spermatogenesis, an elaborate and male-specific process in adult testes by which a number of spermatozoa are produced constantly for male fertility, relies on spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). As a sub-population of undifferentiated spermatogonia, SSCs are capable of both self-renewal (to maintain sufficient quantities) and differentiation into mature spermatozoa. SSCs are able to convert to pluripotent stem cells during in vitro culture, thus they could function as substitutes for human embryonic stem cells without ethical issues. In addition, this process does not require exogenous transcription factors necessary to produce induced-pluripotent stem cells from somatic cells. Moreover, combining genetic engineering with germ cell transplantation would greatly facilitate the generation of transgenic animals. Since germ cell transplantation into infertile recipient testes was first established in 1994, in vivo and in vitro study and manipulation of SSCs in rodent testes have been progressing at a staggering rate. By contrast, their counterparts in domestic animals, despite the failure to reach a comparable level, still burgeoned and showed striking advances. This review outlines the recent progressions of characterization, isolation, in vitro propagation, and transplantation of spermatogonia/SSCs from domestic animals, thereby shedding light on future exploration of these cells with high value, as well as contributing to the development of reproductive technology for large animals.

scholarly journals Male germ cell transplantation in livestock

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Hill ◽  
I. Dobrinski
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
Male Germ Cell ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Cell Transfer ◽  
Donor Sperm ◽  
Germ Cell Transplantation

Male germ cell transplantation is a powerful approach to study the control of spermatogenesis with the ultimate goal to enhance or suppress male fertility. In livestock animals, applications can be expanded to provide an alternative method of transgenesis and an alternative means of artificial insemination (AI). The transplantation technique uses testis stem cells, harvested from the donor animal. These donor stem cells are injected into seminiferous tubules, migrate from the lumen to relocate to the basement membrane and, amazingly, they can retain the capability to produce donor sperm in their new host. Adaptation of the mouse technique for livestock is progressing, with gradual gains in efficiency. Germ cell transfer in goats has produced offspring, but not yet in cattle and pigs. In goats and pigs, the applications of germ cell transplantation are mainly in facilitating transgenic animal production. In cattle, successful male germ cell transfer could create an alternative to AI in areas where it is impractical. Large-scale culture of testis stem cells would enhance the use of elite bulls by providing a renewable source of stem cells for transfer. Although still in a developmental state, germ cell transplantation is an emerging technology with the potential to create new opportunities in livestock production.

Adeno‐associated virus (AAV)‐mediated transduction of male germ line stem cells results in transgene transmission after germ cell transplantation

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 374-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Honaramooz ◽  
Susan Megee ◽  
Wenxian Zeng ◽  
Margret M. Destrempes ◽  
Susan A. Overton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Germ Line ◽  
Male Germ Line ◽  
Adeno Associated Virus ◽  
Germ Cell Transplantation ◽  
Transgene Transmission

scholarly journals Restoring Fertility in Sterile Childhood Cancer Survivors by Autotransplanting Spermatogonial Stem Cells: Are We There Yet?

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Struijk ◽  
Callista L. Mulder ◽  
Fulco van der Veen ◽  
Ans M. M. van Pelt ◽  
Sjoerd Repping
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Childhood Cancer Survivors ◽  
Spermatogonial Stem Cells ◽  
Spermatogonial Stem Cell

Current cancer treatment regimens do not only target tumor cells, but can also have devastating effects on the spermatogonial stem cell pool, resulting in a lack of functional gametes and hence sterility. In adult men, fertility can be preserved prior to cancer treatment by cryopreservation of ejaculated or surgically retrieved spermatozoa, but this is not an option for prepubertal boys since spermatogenesis does not commence until puberty. Cryopreservation of a testicular biopsy taken before initiation of cancer treatment, followed byin vitropropagation of spermatogonial stem cells and subsequent autotransplantation of these stem cells after cancer treatment, has been suggested as a way to preserve and restore fertility in childhood cancer survivors. This strategy, known as spermatogonial stem cell transplantation, has been successful in mice and other model systems, but has not yet been applied in humans. Although recent progress has brought clinical application of spermatogonial stem cell autotransplantation in closer range, there are still a number of important issues to address. In this paper, we describe the state of the art of spermatogonial stem cell transplantation and outline the hurdles that need to be overcome before clinical implementation.

scholarly journals Spermatogonia: origin, physiology and prospects for conservation and manipulation of the male germ line

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Ehmcke ◽  
Karin Hübner ◽  
Hans R. Schöler ◽  
Stefan Schlatt
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Germ Line ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Spermatogonial Stem Cells ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Animal Reproduction ◽  
Cell Niche ◽  
Insight Into

In recent years, the scientific community has become increasingly interested in spermatogonia. Methodological breakthroughs, such as germ cell transplantation and spermatogonial culture combined with novel germ line transfection strategies, have provided interesting new opportunities for studying the physiology of spermatogonial stem cells and their interaction with the stem cell niche. Furthermore, intense research into pluripotent and adult stem cells has generated new insight into the differentiation pathway of germ line stem cells and has opened new perspectives for stem cell technologies. The present review briefly introduces the physiology of spermatogonial stem cells and discusses future directions of basic research and practical approaches applicable to livestock maintenance and animal reproduction.

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