The conservation status of rodents in the monsoonal tropics of the Northern Territory

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 421 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Z. Woinarski
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Mammal Fauna ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Full Complement

The rodent fauna of the monsoonal tropics of the Northern Territory comprises 23 native species and two introduced species. Three species (Zyzomys maini, Z. palatalis and Pseudomys calabyi) are endemic to the area, and four species (Pseudomys hermannsburgensis, P. desertor, P. johnsoni and Notomys alexis) enter the area only on its southern (arid) fringe. The rodent fauna is closely related to that of the Kimberley, Western Australia. Distribution maps for all species are given. One species (Z. palatalis) has an extremely restricted range and is regarded as critically endangered. The lack of information on the distribution and abundance of rodents in general in this area is evident in the national classification of five of its species (Xeromys myoides, Mesembriomys macrurus, Notomys aquilo, Pseudomys desertor and Pseudomys johnsoni) as Insufficiently Known. The two introduced rodents (Mus domesticus and Rattus rattus) are virtually restricted to urban and highly modified areas, although R. rattus also occurs on one uninhabited island. In contrast to that of much of the rest of Australia, this rodent fauna has apparently retained its full complement of species since European colonisation. This enduring legacy is attributable largely to the relatively limited modification of its environments. However, three species (Mesembriomys macrurus, Rattus tunneyi and Conilurus penicillatus) appear to be declining. The pattern of decline in these species, and in the mammal fauna generally, is obscured by the very limited historical data. However, declines appear most pronounced in the cattle country of the Victoria River District and Gulf regions. Priorities for the management of this rodent fauna include survey of poorly known areas, survey for poorly known species, monitoring of rodent communities, and landscape-wide management of the three pervasive processes with probably greatest impacts – fire, grazing and feral predators.

The original mammal fauna and some information on the original bird fauna of Uluru National Park, Northern Territory.

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 92 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Baynes ◽  
RF Baird
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Recent Survey ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Mammal Fauna ◽  
Murid Rodents ◽  
Bird Fauna ◽  
Cave Deposit

Investigation of mammal bones, accumulated mainly by owls, from four cave deposits, combined with observations and museum records, has revealed an original (i.e. immediately pre-European) fauna for Uluru National Park (UNP) of 34 species of native ground mammals and 12 species of bats. This fauna comprises one monotreme, 22 marsupials from eight families, 12 microchiropterans from four families, 10 murid rodents and the dingo. For six of the species the UNP records represent an extension of range over published distribution maps, though originally all the ground mammals were probably widespread in the arid zone. A recent survey found that the present fauna of UNP includes 15 native ground mammals and a minimum of seven bats, indicating a loss in about the last century of up to 19 species of ground mammals and at least one bat. The local status of three of these is uncertain, 10 appear to be locally extinct, two are extinct throughout the Australian mainland and five are probably totally extinct. As elsewhere in the arid zone, the mammals that survive are the largest and smallest species and the echidna. The cave deposit sites yielded two orders of magnitude fewer bird remains, some of which could not be identified below family or genus. The material includes at least 16 species representing 13 families. All identified species were recorded in the present fauna of UNP by the recent survey. This relatively small sample suggests that in non-pastoral areas of the arid zone, bird faunas, unlike mammals, have so far survived European colonisation of Australia without loss of diversity.

A taxonomic revision ofAllium(Alliaceae) in the Canadian prairie provinces

Botany ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (9) ◽  
pp. 787-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeok Jae Choi ◽  
J. Hugo Cota-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Canadian Prairie ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Allium Schoenoprasum ◽  
Allium Tricoccum ◽  
Prairie Provinces

The taxonomy, rarity, and conservation status of Allium  L. is revised for the Canadian prairie provinces, based on analyses of herbarium specimens and fieldwork. Five species are recognized: Allium schoenoprasum  L., A. geyeri S. Watson var. tenerum M.E. Jones, A. textile A. Nelson & J.F. Macbride, A. cernuum Roth, and A. stellatum Ker Gawler. Distribution maps and a key to species are provided, as well as complete descriptions of the species examined, including new illustrations, information on nomenclatural types, synonymies, and chromosomal and ecological data. A lectotype is designated for A. geyeri var. tenerum. In this study, A. geyeri var. geyeri reported from Alberta and Saskatchewan and ranked in these provinces as having rarity levels S2 and S1, respectively, by the Nature Conservancy, is excluded from the Canadian flora and the rare list of these provinces because it was misidentified from a herbarium specimen of A. textile. Allium tricoccum Solander in W. Aiton is regarded as a non-native species to Manitoba. The rarity and conservation status of Allium in the Canadian prairie provinces is as follows: (i) A. schoenoprasum, listed as S2 in Saskatchewan, is rare in Manitoba, although its rarity status has not been formally assessed in the province; (ii) A. geyeri var. tenerum is the rarest Allium taxon, with distribution restricted to the Waterton Lakes National Park areas of Alberta, and is currently listed as S2; and (iii) A. cernuum was re-evaluated and a rarity level of S1S2 was recommended for the species in Saskatchewan, particularly in its southwestern distributional habitat.

Distribution of mammals in monsoon rainforests of the Northern Territory

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 295 ◽  
Author(s):  
KA Menkhorst ◽  
JCZ Woinarski
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Environmental Gradient ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Species Variation ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Moisture Condition ◽  
Mammal Fauna ◽  
Open Forest ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
Monsoon Rainforest

The mammal fauna of 50 patches of monsoon rainforest in the Northern Territory, Australia, was surveyed. No mammal species is restricted to this habitat, and most of the region's marnmal fauna uses it at least occasionally. Mammal species composition within monsoon rainforests undergoes substantial variation along an extensive environmental gradient reflecting moisture condition and rockiness. For most mammal species, variation in abundance among patches was related more to the position of the patch on this environmental gradient than to patch size or extent of disturbance. Disturbance was positively correlated with the richness and abundance in quadrats of three taxonomic groupingsrodents, 'other' native species, and all native species (other than bats)-and negatively correlated with richness and abundance of macropods. Compared with surrounding (open forest and savanna woodland) vegetation, monsoon rainforests have few grazing herbivores and small granivorous rodents, but more species that eat fleshy fruits and seeds from woody plants. The mammal fauna of monsoon rainforests in the Northern Territory is similar to that of monsoon rainforests of the Kimberley (to the west) but unlike that of wet tropical rainforests in Cape York (to the east). These differences, and the current impoverishment of the mammal fauna of the Northern Territory monsoon rainforest, are attributable to historical processes and the current small area of this highly fragmented monsoon rainforest estate. Three bat species may be important for pollination and dispersal of monsoon rainforest plants.

Australian Spermacoce (Rubiaceae: Spermacoceae). I. Northern Territory

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 297 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Harwood ◽  
S. Dessein
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Introduced Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Seed Characteristics

Northern Territory Spermacoce are revised, with 53 native species recognised, as well as four introduced species. Thirty-nine new species are described, and S. laevigata var. hispida Benth. is raised to species level. Lectotypes are chosen for all Australian Spermacoce names that had any ambiguity regarding types. Key features used to distinguish species, such as the appendages that occur on the inside of the corolla lobes and various seed characteristics, are illustrated and discussed. A key to all the Spermacoce species occurring in the Northern Territory is provided, along with distribution maps.

scholarly journals Exploraciones botánicas a poblaciones de Consolea (Cactaceae) en Cuba: estado de conservación y principales amenazas

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-228
Author(s):  
Duniel Barrios ◽  
Edgardo Díaz ◽  
Lucas C. Majure
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Invasive Plant Species ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
New Localities ◽  
Exotic Invasive

Four species of Consolea have been reported from the Cuban archipelago, each of which has been considered under threat of extinction. During the last three years various expeditions were carried out to try to update existing information about the conservation status of populations of the different species and their primary threats. Likewise, we revised and identified herbarium specimens from HAC, HAJB, HMC, MNHN, and NY to put together distribution maps for each species on Cuba. All native species of Consolea on Cuba are under threat of extinction/ extirpation. Consolea moniliformis is the species with the largest populations on Cuba, while C. macracantha displays the widest range of any other species on the island. Two new localities of C. macracantha were found during this study, but likewise, showed the only signs to date of attack by the invasive moth, Cactoblastic cactorum. Among the principle threats detected for species of Consolea on Cuba are exotic, invasive plant species, livestock grazing and development. We provide a key to the species on Cuba. 

Rodents of the arid Northern Territory: conservation status and distribution

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffry R. Cole ◽  
J. C. Z. Woinarski
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Threatening Processes ◽  
Conservation And Management

At the time of European entry, 18 species of rodent occurred in the arid zone of the Northern Territory, including two endemic species, Zyzomys pedunculatus and Pseudomys johnsoni. The tally is somewhat inflated, as the arid Northern Territory is on the margins of the distribution for seven of these species. The historical record for this fauna is generally reasonably good, due to important collections around the end of the nineteenth century, some landmark studies (notably by H.H. Finlayson) earlier this century, documentation of Aboriginal knowledge, and the recent discovery and analysis of fossil and sub-fossil deposits. Notwithstanding this good historical baseline, recent research has added three native species to the fauna, and re-discovered one species, Z. pedunculatus, earlier feared extinct. Over the last 200 years, four species (Leporillus apicalis, Notomys amplus, N. longicaudatus and Pseudomys fieldi) have disappeared, and a further five species (N. cervinus, N. fuscus, P. australis, Rattus tunneyi and Z. pedunculatus) have declined considerably, with several of these perhaps no longer present in the area. The decline in this rodent fauna is matched, or indeed surpassed, by declines in the arid-zone bandicoots, small macropods and large dasyurids. But notably the small dasyurids have generally suffered few declines. There has been differential decline within the rodent fauna, with declines mainly affecting larger species, species with the most idiosyncratic diets, and species occurring mainly in tussock grasslands and gibber plains. The main conservation and management actions required to safeguard what is left of this fauna are carefully targetted studies examining the effect of threatening processes, complemented by landscape-wide amelioration of these threats. Additional autecological studies are also needed for some species, and some exceptionally poorly known areas should be surveyed. Current work examining the distribution, ecology and management requirements of the endangered Z. pedunculatus is a major priority.

scholarly journals Distribution changes of Carabusspecies in Slovenia: historical data analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urška Ratajc ◽  
Andrej Kapla ◽  
Špela Ambrožič Ergaver ◽  
Al Vrezec
Keyword(s):  
Historical Data ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Ground Beetles ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
The Past ◽  
Threat Status ◽  
Historical Data Analysis ◽  
Effective Conservation

In the past few decades, there has been a sharp decline in specialised and rare species of ground beetles (Carabus) throughout Europe. Our aim was to determine the distribution trends of chosen species and their conservation status in Slovenia. Based on historical and recent data over the period from 1850 to 2018, distribution maps for 25 species of genus Carabus have been made. The reduction in distribution area size was used to evaluate the decline of each species in Slovenia and for assigning them to different categories of threat status. Our results show that a significant number of species from genus Carabus are in decline. Open habitat species of ground beetles (C. cancellatus), ground beetles that are dependent on mature, unmanaged forests (C. glabratus, C. croaticus) and species, very sensitive to climate change (C. irregularis) were found to be the most endangered. Currently, only 3 species are on the Red list of threatened species in Slovenia (C. auronitens, C. gigas and C. variolosus nodulosus), and based on our results, at least 10 species of ground beetles should be added to the existing list. Two species of ground beetles, C. kollari and C. montivagus, have already disappeared from Slovenia in the last few decades, therefore intensive ecological studies of the remaining species and immediate effective conservation strategies are essential.

scholarly journals Diversity patterns and conservation status of native argentinean crucifers (Brassicaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 530-566
Author(s):  
Diego L. Salariato ◽  
Fernando O. Zuloaga
Keyword(s):  
Threatened Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Conservation Priorities ◽  
Species Extinction ◽  
Species List ◽  
Patagonian Steppe ◽  
Distribution Maps

Global warming, coupled with habitat destruction and human activity, are accelerating the rates of species extinction worldwide. Species-extinction risk assessment using the IUCN Red List categories, together with the study of the spatial patterns of biodiversity, are fundamental approaches for identifying conservation priorities and targeting government decisions to mitigate impacts on biodiversity. Here, we analyzed the geographic distribution of Argentinean species of Brassicaceae using species point distributional data. In this way, we classified species following the IUCN threat categories at a regional level, and analyzed patterns of richness, endemism, and threat on the different ecoregions and biomes of the country. In addition, we also explored differences in elevation, annual mean temperature, annual precipitation, and aridity between endemic vs. non-endemic and threatened vs. non-threatened species. The results showed that of the 162 Argentinean taxa, 58 species were here categorized as threatened (VU, EN, or CR) (36%). However, when only endemics are considered, more than half of these (33 spp, 57%) are threatened. Although species inhabit all environments and biogeographic regions of the country, arid to semi-arid areas, which are associated to the Andes and the Patagonian steppe, contained most of the species. Specifically, the Central Andean Puna and the Patagonian steppe ecoregions included the greatest number of species, endemics, and threatened species. Furthermore, different hotspots of richness, endemism, and threat were detected along Andean regions and the Patagonian steppe, and endemics were characterized by inhabiting on average drier areas than non-endemic native species. An up-to-date species list, including conservation status, distribution maps for all species, hotspots of richness, endemism, and threat, are also provided. This work seeks to contribute to the knowledge on geographical patterns of the Argentinean flora and its conservation, complementing the information published in the Flora of Argentina.

scholarly journals The importance of rediscovering rare and endemic plants: Two species of Pleroma D.Don (Melastomataceae), an update of conservation status, and improved descriptions

Webbia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-304
Author(s):  
Paulo José Fernandes Guimaraes ◽  
Caio Baez ◽  
Patrícia Rosa ◽  
Gustavo Martinelli ◽  
Diego Nunes Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Plant Conservation ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
The State ◽  
Current Conservation ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
High Diversity

The remaining portion of Atlantic Forest in the state of Rio de Janeiro constitutes a strategic challenge in the conservation of the biome, by concentrating high richness and endemism of species that are distributed in distinct vegetative fragments covering the mountainous regions. In the state, the genus Pleroma presents a high diversity, currently 45 species, of which 14 are endemic and several of these have knowledge gaps. This paper aims to document rediscoveries in the Três Picos State Park of two species of Pleroma that had not been collected for 69 and 100 years respectively. These discoveries resulted from the actions of the National Center for Plant Conservation, a division of the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden. Updated descriptions, geographic information and distribution maps, and cited collections for these two species of Pleroma are presented here together with an assessment of their current conservation status. Based on IUCN criteria, we recommend a classification of Critically Endangered (CR) and Endangered (EN) for Pleroma virgatum and P. elegans, respectively.

New Findings on Scrophularia sect. Mimulopsis (Scrophulariaceae) from Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-247
Author(s):  
Massoud Ranjbar ◽  
Narges Rahchamani
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Tehran Province ◽  
Micromorphological Characters ◽  
A New Species

Scrophularia dianatnejadii Ranjbar & Rahchamani, a new species from Tehran Province in northern Iran, is described and illustrated. It is closely related to S. amplexicaulis Benth. and shares with it some diagnostic morphological characters such as habit, plant indument, phyllotaxy, and corolla shape and color. Both species are placed in Scrophularia L. sect. Mimulopsis Boiss. Macro- and micromorphological characters of the two are examined and compared. Pollen morphology of these species is investigated using SEM. Detailed descriptions, illustrations, distribution maps, and conservation status of both species are provided.

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