Species relationships in the dasyurid marsupial genus Pseudantechinus (Marsupialia : Dasyuridae): a re-examination of the taxonomic status of Pseudantechinus roryi

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 240 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. Umbrello ◽  
P. A. Woolley ◽  
M. Westerman
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Species Relationships ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
The Status

The status of Pseudantechinus roryi relative to its congeners has been determined from DNA sequences obtained from both nuclear and mitochondrial gene loci. Although all other recognised species of Pseudantechinus form reciprocally monophyletic lineages in phylogenetic analyses, individuals identified in museum collections as Ps. roryi (including type specimens) were indistinguishable from those identified as Ps. macdonnellensis. Ps. roryi is thus considered to be a synonym of Ps. macdonnellensis. Neighbour-joining network analyses failed to reveal any clear biogeographic differences between populations of Ps. macdonnellensis other than some evidence of isolation by distance.

The Vietnamese population of Megophrys kuatunensis (Amphibia: Megophryidae) represents a new species of Asian horned frog from Vietnam and southern China

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4344 (3) ◽  
pp. 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
BENJAMIN TAPLEY ◽  
TIMOTHY CUTAJAR ◽  
STEPHEN MAHONY ◽  
CHUNG THANH NGUYEN ◽  
VINH QUANG DAU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Vietnamese Population ◽  
Group A ◽  
A New Species

The Asian frog genus Megophrys is a diverse group of morphologically conserved, forest-dwelling frogs. The genus harbours highly localised species diversification and new species continue to be described on a regular basis. We examined the taxonomic status of a population of Megophrys frogs from the Hoang Lien Range in northern Vietnam and southern China previously identified as M. kuatunensis (subgenus Panophrys). Preliminary phylogenetic analyses using a fragment of 16S rDNA places the species in question within the Megophrys (subgenus Panophrys) species group, a primarily Chinese radiation within the genus. On the basis of morphological, molecular and bioacoustic data, we conclude that this population does not represent M. kuatunensis, or any known species in the genus. We herein describe this species of Megophrys as new. Known only from Sa Pa District, Lao Cai Province in Vietnam and Jinping County, Yunnan Province in China, the new species is likely to be threatened by ongoing deforestation in the region. We provide an updated species description of M. kuatunensis based on type specimens, and suggest that M. kuatunensis is likely to be restricted to eastern China.  

scholarly journals Origin of the eastern brownsnake, Pseudonaja textilis (Dumeril, Bibron and Dumeril) (Serpentes: Elapidae: Hydrophiinae) in New Guinea: evidence of multiple dispersals from Australia, and comments on the status of Pseudonaja textilis pughi Hoser 2003

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1703 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID J. WILLIAMS ◽  
MARK O'SHEA ◽  
ROLAND L. DAGUERRE ◽  
CATHARINE E. POOK ◽  
WOLFGANG WÜSTER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Physical Geography ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
Arnhem Land ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Western Migration

Pseudonaja textilis is a widespread and common snake in eastern parts of Australia, but its distribution in New Guinea is poorly understood, and the origin of the New Guinea populations and its timing have been the subject of much speculation. Phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequences from three New Guinea populations of P. textilis indicates that New Guinea was colonised from two independent eastern and western migration routes most likely in the Pleistocene. One dispersal event from northern Queensland led to the populations in eastern New Guinea (Milne Bay, Oro and Central Provinces, Papua New Guinea), whereas another, from Arnhem Land to central southern New Guinea, led to the populations from the Merauke area, Indonesian Papua. The results are consistent with the effects of Pleistocene sea level changes on the physical geography of Australasia, and are thus suggestive of a natural rather than anthropogenic origin of the New Guinea populations. The taxonomic status of the New Guinean populations is discussed.

Paris variabilis (Melanthiaceae), a new species from southwestern China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 401 (3) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
ZHENYAN YANG ◽  
CHENGJIN YANG ◽  
YUNHENG JI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Southwestern China ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
Greenish Yellow ◽  
The Status ◽  
Its Dna Sequences ◽  
A New Species

Paris variabilis, a new species from the Wumengshan Mountains, southwestern China, is described and illustrated. The new species is placed in Paris section Euthyra. The new taxon was determined to be most morphologically similar to P. vietnamensis but differs in its oblong leaf blades with an acute apex, stamens 2–4 × petal number, greenish yellow filaments and an enlarged, purplish red style base. The phylogenetic placement of this species was assessed based on nuclear ribosomal ITS DNA sequences data. The results of morphological and phylogenetic analyses support the status of the taxon as a new species.

scholarly journals Morphological and molecular characterisation of Hoplolaimus smokyensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Hoplolaimidae), a lance nematode from Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA

Nematology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 923-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyuan Ma ◽  
Robert T. Robbins ◽  
Ernest C. Bernard ◽  
Claudia M. Holguin ◽  
Paula Agudelo
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
National Park ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Tail Region ◽  
Head Region ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Great Smoky Mountains ◽  
Smoky Mountains ◽  
Lance Nematode

Summary Hoplolaimus smokyensis n. sp. is a new species of lance nematode collected in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA. Females of H. smokyensis n. sp. have a labial region characterised by six, occasionally five, annules. The basal lip annule is subdivided by about 24 longitudinal striae. The stylet averages 47 μm long with robust, tulip-shaped stylet knobs bearing anterior projections. The hemizonid is ca 4 μm anterior to the excretory pore. The lateral field is incompletely areolated and has four continuous incisures from the metacorpus region to the tail region. There are three pharyngeal gland nuclei. Vulval epiptygma are absent. The scutellate phasmids are located one anterior and one posterior to the vulva. The male is shorter than the female and the head region is higher and more rounded than that of the female. The bursa extends to the tail tip and the gubernaculum is large and protrusible and has titillae and a capitulum. Morphologically, H. smokyensis n. sp. is most similar to H. galeatus and H. stephanus, but can be distinguished by differences such as the number of annules and longitudinal striae on the lip region and morphometric values. Hoplolaimus smokyensis n. sp. is also genetically distinct from other species according to comparisons of ribosomal and mitochondrial DNA sequences. Phylogenetic analyses based on ribosomal and mitochondrial gene sequences suggest that H. smokyensis n. sp. is a lineage distinct from related Hoplolaimus species.

European bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Bombini)- phylogenetic relationships inferred from DNA sequences

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vest Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
The Other ◽  
Elongation Factor 1Α ◽  
Nucleotide Bias

AbstractThe phylogenetics of 40 taxa of European bumblebees were analysed based on PCR amplified and direct sequenced DNA from one region of the mitochondrial gene Cytochrome Oxidase I (1046 bp) and for 26 taxa from two regions in the nuclear gene Elongation Factor 1α (1056 bp). The sequences were aligned to the corresponding sequences in the honey bee. Phylogenetic analyses based on parsimony, as well as maximum likelihood, indicate that the bumblebees can be separated into several well-supported clades. Most of the terminal clades correspond very well with the clades known from former phylogenetic analyses based on morphology and recognized as the subgenera: Mendacibombus, Confusibombus, Psithyrus, Thoracobombus, Megabombus, Rhodobombus, Kallobombus, Alpinobombus, Subterraneobombus, Alpigenobombus, Pyrobombus, Bombus and Melanobombus. All the cuckoo bumblebees form a well-supported clade, the subgenus Psithyrus, within the true bumblebees. All the analyses place Kallobombus as the most basal taxon in contradiction to former analyses. The other deeper nodes of the phylogenetic trees, which are weakly supported, deviate significantly from former published trees - especially the trees based on mtCO-I. Presumably, the reasons are that multiple hits and the strong bias of the bases A and T blur the relationships in the deepest part of the trees. Analyses of the region in mtCO-I show a very strong A+T bias (A+T= 75%), which also indicate preferences in the use of codons with A or T in third positions. In closely related entities, there is only a weak transversion bias (A+T). In the studied regions in EF 1-α, no nucleotide bias is observed. The observed differences in bases between the investigated taxa are relatively small and the gene is too conserved to solve all the questions that the analyses of the deeper nodes using mtCO-I raise.

scholarly journals Begonia difformis comb. & stat. nov. (Sect. Platycentrum, Begoniaceae), a new species segregated from B. palmata D. Don

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 227 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai-Chao Leong ◽  
Tao Deng ◽  
Hang Sun ◽  
Ching-I Peng ◽  
Kuo-Fang Chung
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
The Status ◽  
Variable Species ◽  
Its Dna Sequences ◽  
A New Species

Begonia palmata D. Don is one of the most widely distributed and morphologically variable species of Asian Begoniaceae. Examinations of its morphological variation indicate that two of its seven varieties, B. palmata var. difformis and B. palmata var. crassisetulosa, both distributed in the Gaoligong Mountain areas of Yunnan, China are indistinguishable and yet distinct from other varieties. Phylogenetic analyses using ITS DNA sequences further reveals that samples identifiable to these two varieties are also distantly related to samples of typical B. palmata. Based on these observations, we combine and elevate these two varieties to the status of species, Begonia difformis (Irmsch.) W.C. Leong, C.I Peng & K.F Chung, comb. & stat. nov..

Phylogeny of Subtribe Aeridinae (Orchidaceae) Inferred from DNA Sequences Data : Advanced Analyses Including Australasian Genera

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Topik Hidayat ◽  
Peter H. Weston ◽  
Tomohisa Yukawa ◽  
Motomi Ito ◽  
Rod Rice
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Genus Level ◽  
Preliminary Work ◽  
Secondary Center ◽  
Generic Position ◽  
Australasian Region

Advanced phylogenetic analyses of the orchid subtribe Aeridinae has been conducted using DNA sequences of ITS region of nrDNA andmatK of cpDNA. In the preliminary work, we only involved the most representative Asian genera of the subtribe. Further, to establish more robust relationships in the Aeridinae, in this study we have extended the sampling to include Australasian specimens. Our analyses revealed that: (1) the subtribe is reorganised by four major groups with 11 subgroups (This is inconsistent with previous classification systems of the subtribe); (2) the Australasian region is a secondary center of diversification of the subtribe; (3) vegetative features have shown to have greater value than reproductive one in determining major groups in the subtribe; and (4) at genus level, some genera, i.e. Phalaenopsis,Cleisostoma, Sarcochilus, and Aerides are shown to be non-monophyletic. This study also resolved the taxonomic status ofAerides flabellata Rolve ex Downie, a species with a debatable generic position.

scholarly journals Phylogeography of the New Zealand whelks Cominella maculosa and C. virgata

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Kerry Walton
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Interglacial Period ◽  
Cook Strait

<p>Cominella maculosa and C. virgata are common rocky shore whelk species from New Zealand. This study used DNA sequences from the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) to expand an earlier unpublished dataset and examine the phylogeographic structure of both species in the Cook Strait region, of C. maculosa in the Chatham Islands, and of C. virgata in the northern North Island. Both species are found to have a considerable degree of phylogeographic structure, concordant with that reported by an earlier study and for other species with direct development.  South Island sites sampled for C. maculosa had several private haplotypes and a high frequency haplotype that is shared with populations from the southern North Island. Together, these formed a ‘southern haplogroup’. Low diversity in ‘southern’ populations may reflect founder effects that would have occurred as part of a southward range expansion during the onset of the present interglacial period. The Chatham Islands samples had two haplotypes that formed a separate sub-group to the ‘southern haplogroup’, suggesting Chatham Islands populations are moderately isolated from those on mainland New Zealand but may have been founded from ‘southern’ populations relatively recently.  The high frequency haplotype present in South Island samples of C. virgata is absent in Wellington samples but widespread in those from the north-eastern North Island. South Island populations may have been founded from the Hauraki Gulf through human-mediated translocation events. Phylogenetic analyses with a focus on C. virgata were conducted using the mitochondrial genes CO1 and 16SrRNA, and the nuclear gene 18S rRNA, to expand an earlier published dataset. The purported northern subspecies C. virgata brookesi does not form a monophyletic lineage and voucher specimens fluidly intergrade with the nominal subspecies, with which it is synonymised. A lectotype is designated for Buccinum lineolatum Quoy & Gaimard, 1833, for which Cominella virgata is a replacement name. Potential causes of the disjunct distribution patterns of C. virgata and other mollusc taxa are discussed with particular reference to the formation and timing of marine straits through the Auckland Isthmus and Cook Strait.</p>

scholarly journals Three, two, one! Revision of the long-bodied sphaerodorids (Sphaerodoridae, Annelida) and synonymization ofEphesiella,EphesiopsisandSphaerodorum

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5783 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Capa ◽  
Torkild Bakken ◽  
Karin Meißner ◽  
Arne Nygren
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
28S Rdna Sequence

BackgroundLong-bodied sphaerodorids (Annelida, Sphaerodoridae) is the common name for members of the three closely and morphologically homogenous currently accepted genera of benthic marine bristle worms:Ephesiella,EphesiopsisandSphaerodorum. Members of this group share the presence of two dorsal and longitudinal rows of macrotubercles with terminal papillae, and two longitudinal rows of microtubercles, features that are unique among sphaerodorids. Genera are distinguished by the chaetae morphology. Members ofEphesiellaare characterised by having compound chaetae (except, sometimes, simple chaetae in the first chaetigers),Sphaerodorumbear only simple chaetae, andEphesiopsishave both compound and simple chaetae in all parapodia.MethodsMitochondrial (partial COI and 16S rDNA) and nuclear (partial 18S rDNA and 28S rDNA) sequence data of long-bodied sphaerodorids with compound and simple chaetae, and an outgroup of additional seven sphaerodorid species were analysed separately and in combination using Bayesian inference (BA), and Maximum Likelihood (ML) methods. Long-bodied sphaerodorids from around the world (including type specimens) were examined under a range of optical equipment in order to evaluate putative generic and specific diagnostic features, in addition to intraspecific variability.ResultsPhylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences of specimens identified asEphesiellaandSphaerodorum,based on chaeta morphology, were performed.SphaerodorumandEphesiellawere recovered as paraphyletic and nested within each other. Revision of current nominal species diagnostic features are performed and discussed.DiscussionResults contradict current generic definitions. Recovery of paraphyletic compound and simple chaetae clades urge the synonymization of these two genera of long-bodied sphaerodorids. Morphological data also suggest the synonymization ofEphesiopsis.

scholarly journals Toward a Natural Classification of Botryosphaeriaceae: A Study of the Type Specimens of Botryosphaeria sensu lato

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Yupei Zhou ◽  
Wei Sun ◽  
Lili Zhao ◽  
D. Pavlic-Zupanc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Natural Classification ◽  
Dna Sequence Data

The genus Botryosphaeria includes more than 200 epithets, but only the type species, Botryosphaeria dothidea and a dozen or more other species have been identified based on DNA sequence data. The taxonomic status of the other species remains unconfirmed because they lack either morphological information or DNA sequence data. In this study, types or authentic specimens of 16 “Botryosphaeria” species are reassessed to clarify their identity and phylogenetic position. nuDNA sequences of four regions, ITS, LSU, tef1-α and tub2, are analyzed and considered in combination with morphological characteristics. Based on the multigene phylogeny and morphological characters, Botryosphaeria cruenta and Botryosphaeria hamamelidis are transferred to Neofusicoccum. The generic status of Botryosphaeria aterrima and Botryosphaeria mirabile is confirmed in Botryosphaeria. Botryosphaeria berengeriana var. weigeliae and B. berengeriana var. acerina are treated synonyms of B. dothidea. Botryosphaeria mucosa is transferred to Neodeightonia as Neodeightonia mucosa, and Botryosphaeria ferruginea to Nothophoma as Nothophoma ferruginea. Botryosphaeria foliicola is reduced to synonymy with Phyllachorella micheliae. Botryosphaeria abuensis, Botryosphaeria aesculi, Botryosphaeria dasylirii, and Botryosphaeria wisteriae are tentatively kept in Botryosphaeria sensu stricto until further phylogenetic analysis is carried out on verified specimens. The ordinal status of Botryosphaeria apocyni, Botryosphaeria gaubae, and Botryosphaeria smilacinina cannot be determined, and tentatively accommodate these species in Dothideomycetes incertae sedis. The study demonstrates the significance of a polyphasic approach in characterizing type specimens, including the importance of using of DNA sequence data.

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