scholarly journals Economic impact of refugees

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (27) ◽  
pp. 7449-7453 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Edward Taylor ◽  
Mateusz J. Filipski ◽  
Mohamad Alloush ◽  
Anubhab Gupta ◽  
Ruben Irvin Rojas Valdes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Real Income ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Food Aid ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
World Food ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Unique Study

In 2015, the United Nations High Commission for Refugees accommodated over 15 million refugees, mostly in refugee camps in developing countries. The World Food Program provided these refugees with food aid, in cash or in kind. Refugees’ impacts on host countries are controversial and little understood. This unique study analyzes the economic impacts of refugees on host-country economies within a 10-km radius of three Congolese refugee camps in Rwanda. Simulations using Monte Carlo methods reveal that cash aid to refugees creates significant positive income spillovers to host-country businesses and households. An additional adult refugee receiving cash aid increases annual real income in the local economy by $205 to $253, significantly more than the $120–$126 in aid each refugee receives. Trade between the local economy and the rest of Rwanda increases by $49 to $55. The impacts are lower for in-kind food aid, a finding relevant to development aid generally.

scholarly journals The World Food Programme

2021 ◽  
pp. 849-918
Author(s):  
Uma Lele ◽  
Sambuddha Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Development Aid ◽  
Cash Transfers ◽  
Food Aid ◽  
Nobel Peace Prize ◽  
World Food ◽  
World Food Programme ◽  
Emergency Assistance ◽  
The World ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Multilateral Organization

The World Food Programme (WFP) has emerged as the world’s largest humanitarian organization addressing hunger and promoting food security. The chapter explores how the need for emergency assistance has increased to meet growing humanitarian needs, and particularly its relationship to conflicts. We explore the evolution of WFP’s objectives from internationalizing US food aid, as a pilot program in FAO, into a full-fledged, multilateral organization, delivering emergency assistance while addressing the disincentive effects of food aid on domestic food production, with substantial evolution from aid in-kind to cash transfers, and from emergency aid to building capacity of developing countries to address their own emergencies. WFP has filled a void that would have existed had it not responded rapidly and innovatively to meet the growing needs of emergency assistance, now serving the largest displaced and refugee population in the world. The chapter also demonstrates the differences between development aid and emergency assistance. For its achievements, WFP was awarded the 2020 Nobel Peace Prize. The Nobel Prize has also highlighted the need to address the underlying issues of peace and security, without which, the need for emergency aid will continue to grow. The chapter shows how cooperation across international and bilateral organizations has evolved and where it needs to go in the future.

Humanitarian Assistance: towards a right of access to victims of natural disasters

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (325) ◽  
pp. 589-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohan J. Hardcastle ◽  
Adrian T. L. Chua
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
International Community ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
International Federation ◽  
Food Aid ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
World Food ◽  
World Food Programme ◽  
The World ◽  
Right Of Access

If recent estimates are to be believed, more than two million people may have died in the famine that engulfed North Korea in 1997 and 1998. In 1997, the United Nations estimated that 4.7 million North Koreans were in danger of starvation. In response, the international community pledged food aid. The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies presented an expanded appeal for aid in June 1997. In January 1998, the World Food Programme (WFP) launched its biggest appeal, setting a target of 380 million US dollars in food aid, nearly double the amount requested for 1997. Yet, the international community has met resistance in attempting to assist North Koreans suffering from malnutrition and facing starvation.

The World Food Conference

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Riley
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Food Aid ◽  
World Food ◽  
High Food ◽  
White House ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Global Food

Just before leaving the White House to assume his duties as secretary of state, Kissinger alerted top Agriculture officials in Washington that the president was increasingly concerned with the growing world food crisis. Among the responses was word that the American food aid program was not going to be able to meet its global food aid commitments because of the combination of high food prices and budgetary constraints. Shortly thereafter Kissinger publicly called for the convening of a World Food Conference to consider the problem and propose long-term remedies. This chapter describes interagency debates over what the United States should—and should not—promise in the conference. It highlights the difference between domestic agriculture interests, represented by Secretary of Agriculture Butz, foreign policy interests, exemplified by Kissinger, humanitarian concerns, voiced by Senator Humphrey, and the perspective of the new president, Gerald Ford.

The Problem of Networked Organizations in India

2002 ◽  
pp. 320-328
Author(s):  
Gurpreet S. Dhillon ◽  
Trevor T. Moores ◽  
Ray Hackney
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
National Interests ◽  
The World ◽  
Engineering Corporation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Global Company ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Networked Organizations

We present a potential misalignment that many emerging economies may face with respect to the advent of networked organizations. We argue that although it may seem that networked organizations appear to offer a viable option for the progress of a nation, a deeper analysis suggests otherwise. This will be exemplified through the case of The Engineering Corporation and its presence in India. While The Engineering Corporation does indeed provide employment to the local economy, the host country must determine the right mix of the aspects involved in the collaborative venture. If this care is not taken, there will be little benefit for the host country, thus resulting in a skewed orientation in the relationship. The globalization of work supported by telecommunications technology and the advent of “networked” organizations has produced a potential dilemma in how to balance the interests of the new global company and the long-term national interests of the country supplying the workforce. A networked organization is one that is decentralized and has regional offices that deal with part of the business operation. For instance, an IT center in one location and a sales office in another. Global decentralization is motivated primarily in order to exploit cheap, skilled labor wheresoever it is found in the world.

Food Aid: Good, Bad, or Indifferent?

1978 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Effective Means ◽  
Food Aid ◽  
World Food ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Rich Countries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Needy

Is food aid an effective means of assisting the needy, or a cynical response to inefficient agricultural policies in the rich countries? The second view is increasingly being heard, particularly in the main donor countries;2 yet the World Food Council, on which the developing countries are strongly represented, has called for even greater efforts so that at least 10 million tons of grain are available for food aid each year. This brief article outlines the scope and major conclusions of an O.D.I. research project that has studied the impact of food aid in four African countries in order to answer the question posed in the title.3

Brazil’s Humanitarian Food Cooperation: From an Innovative Policy to the Politics of Traditional Aid

2020 ◽  
pp. 227797602097077
Author(s):  
Thiago Lima
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Food Aid ◽  
The Political ◽  
World Food ◽  
Social Purpose ◽  
Family Farmers ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Original Goal ◽  
Aid Policy

Brazil had donated food abroad on previous occasions, but an institutionalized humanitarian food aid policy was something innovative in its history. The original goal was to connect the produce of the small family farmers to an international humanitarian policy. However, in practice, the donations privileged the commodities of the large agribusiness farms. This article explains the political economy that diverted the policy from its original social purpose and made Brazil one of the five biggest donors of food to the World Food Program for a short period of time.

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