scholarly journals Caspase substrates won't be defined by a four-letter code

2018 ◽  
Vol 293 (18) ◽  
pp. 7068-7069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Baker ◽  
Seth L. Masters
Keyword(s):  
Letter Code ◽  
Caspase Substrates

Automated mineral analysis in TASK8

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-213
Author(s):  
William F. Chambers ◽  
Arthur A. Chodos ◽  
Roland C. Hagan
Keyword(s):  
National Laboratory ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Mineral Analysis ◽  
Alamos National Laboratory ◽  
Mineral Phase ◽  
Los Alamos National Laboratory ◽  
California Institute Of Technology ◽  
Mineral Phases ◽  
Letter Code ◽  
Institute Of Technology

TASK8 was designed as an electron microprobe control program with maximum flexibility and versatility, lending itself to a wide variety of applications. While using TASKS in the microprobe laboratory of the Los Alamos National Laboratory, we decided to incorporate the capability of using subroutines which perform specific end-member calculations for nearly any type of mineral phase that might be analyzed in the laboratory. This procedure minimizes the need for post-processing of the data to perform such calculations as element ratios or end-member or formula proportions. It also allows real time assessment of each data point.The use of unique “mineral codes” to specify the list of elements to be measured and the type of calculation to perform on the results was first used in the microprobe laboratory at the California Institute of Technology to optimize the analysis of mineral phases. This approach was used to create a series of subroutines in TASK8 which are called by a three letter code.

Development of a Letter Coding Desk

1969 ◽  
Vol 184 (8) ◽  
pp. 166-177
Author(s):  
S. C. Knowles
Keyword(s):  
High Reliability ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Operating Personnel ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Letter Code ◽  
Very High

The development of the letter code desk is described, particular reference being made to the necessity for the characteristics to be suited to the operating personnel. An explanation is given of the design features introduced as a result of this unit being required in relatively large numbers for this class of work. The development of the special printing unit for code application is described, with particular emphasis on the very high reliability required. An indication is given of probable future trends.

scholarly journals Unnatural amino acids increase sensitivity and provide for the design of highly selective caspase substrates

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 1482-1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Poreba ◽  
P Kasperkiewicz ◽  
S J Snipas ◽  
D Fasci ◽  
G S Salvesen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Unnatural Amino Acids ◽  
Caspase Substrates

scholarly journals Cell Death Related Proteins Beyond Apoptosis in the CNS

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bazhena Bahatyrevich-Kharitonik ◽  
Rafael Medina-Guzman ◽  
Alicia Flores-Cortes ◽  
Marta García-Cruzado ◽  
Edel Kavanagh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Protein Function ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Apoptotic Cell Death ◽  
Original Function ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Cytoskeleton Reorganization ◽  
Caspase Substrates ◽  
Cell Death Signaling ◽  
Related Proteins

Cell death related (CDR) proteins are a diverse group of proteins whose original function was ascribed to apoptotic cell death signaling. Recently, descriptions of non-apoptotic functions for CDR proteins have increased. In this minireview, we comment on recent studies of CDR proteins outside the field of apoptosis in the CNS, encompassing areas such as the inflammasome and non-apoptotic cell death, cytoskeleton reorganization, synaptic plasticity, mitophagy, neurodegeneration and calcium signaling among others. Furthermore, we discuss the evolution of proteomic techniques used to predict caspase substrates that could potentially explain their non-apoptotic roles. Finally, we address new concepts in the field of non-apoptotic functions of CDR proteins that require further research such the effect of sexual dimorphism on non-apoptotic CDR protein function and the emergence of zymogen-specific caspase functions.

scholarly journals Automorphisms of automatic shifts

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
CLEMENS MÜLLNER ◽  
REEM YASSAWI
Keyword(s):  
Automorphism Groups ◽  
Constant Length ◽  
Letter Code

In this paper we continue the study of automorphism groups of constant-length substitution shifts and also their topological factors. We show that, up to conjugacy, all roots of the identity map are letter-exchanging maps, and all other non-trivial automorphisms arise from twisted compressions of another constant-length substitution. We characterize the group of roots of the identity in both the measurable and topological setting. Finally, we show that any topological factor of a constant-length substitution shift is topologically conjugate to a constant-length substitution shift via a letter-to-letter code.

scholarly journals First Report of a New TTKSF Race of Wheat Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) in South Africa and Zimbabwe

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 590-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. A. Pretorius ◽  
L. J. Szabo ◽  
W. H. P. Boshoff ◽  
L. Herselman ◽  
B. Visser
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Infection Type ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust ◽  
Letter Code ◽  
Formed Part ◽  
Sr Gene

Seven races have been described in the Ug99 race group of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (2). Ug99-related races previously recorded in South Africa are TTKSF, TTKSP, and PTKST (4). In December 2010, severe stem rust infection of the winter wheat cv. Matlabas was observed for the first time in South Africa. Race analysis using the 20 North American (NA) stem rust differential lines and letter code system classified the race as TTKSF. In comparative infection studies in a greenhouse, cv. Matlabas seedlings were susceptible (infection type [IT] 4) to isolate UVPgt61/1 (TTKSF+) collected from Afrikaskop in the eastern Free State, whereas the cultivar was resistant (IT 1 to 2) to stem rust isolates 2013 (TTKSF), UVPgt55 (TTKSF), UVPgt59 (TTKSP), and UVPgt60 (PTKST). Isolate 2013 represents the original collection of race TTKSF in South Africa (1). In addition to the NA differentials, no variation in the IT range of seedlings of lines with Sr7a, 8b, 12, 13, 14, 16, 18, 19, 22, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 32, 33, 34, 35, 39, 41, 42, 43, 44, Em, R, Tt2, and Satu was observed between UVPgt61/1 and UVPgt55. With the exception of cv. Matlabas, ITs of 106 South African cultivars likewise did not differentiate UVPgt61/1 and UVPgt55. Seedling IT studies were conducted at least twice. Microsatellite analysis (4) showed that all single pustule isolates established from the original Matlabas isolate formed part of the Ug99 group. When characterized with selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), all single pustule isolates shared an identical genotype that differed from UVPgt55 (TTKSF), a foreign introduction into South Africa (1,3). SNP genotype analysis suggests that UVPgt61/1 is genetically dissimilar to UVPgt55, as is Zim1009, another TTKSF+ isolate that was collected from Birchenough in Zimbabwe. Studies are underway to determine the identity of the defeated Sr gene in Matlabas and the cultivar has been added to the South African stem rust differential set. TTKSF+ is the eighth race detected in the Ug99 group. Since no other cultivars or advanced lines were found to carry the Matlabas gene, it is unlikely that race TTKSF+ will threaten wheat production in South Africa. However, the occurrence of a new Ug99-related race emphasizes the variability within this internationally important group. References: (1) W. H. P. Boshoff et al. Plant Dis. 86:922, 2002. (2) R. F. Park et al. Euphytica 179:109, 2011. (3) B. Visser et al. Mol. Plant Pathol. 10:213, 2009. (4) B. Visser et al. Euphytica 179:119, 2011.

Creative and Supporting Cognitive Modes

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglass J. Wilde ◽  
Sohyeong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Simple Calculation ◽  
Personality Theory ◽  
Design Teams ◽  
Myers Briggs Type Indicator ◽  
Index Numbers ◽  
Sex Drive ◽  
Type Indicator ◽  
Myers Briggs ◽  
Letter Code

The psychiatrist Carl G. Jung has asserted that the “creative impulse” — the drive to solve problems — is almost an instinct on a par with hunger, sex drive, aggression and flight from danger. Unlike the instincts, however, creativity can be extinguished or can atrophy from disuse. Jung’s personality theory identifies eight “cognitive modes” which channel the creative impulse in different directions for various people. A given person’s “creative mode” — the most conscious — can be identified by the four-letter code of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI®). Of the remaining seven modes, as many as three “supporting” modes can be found by simple calculation using the four “clarity index” numbers associated with the MBTI® letters. Although these supporting modes are not the “creative” one, they back it up during problem-solving and at Stanford have been found useful for forming, organizing and analyzing student design teams.

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