The academic English collocation list

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Lei ◽  
Dilin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Selection Method ◽  
Academic English ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Innovative Research ◽  
Step Selection ◽  
Large Corpus

Abstract The use of collocations plays an important role for the proficiency of ESL/EFL learners. Hence, educators and researchers have long tried to identify collocations typical of either academic or general English and the challenges involved in learning them. This paper proposes a comprehensive and type-balanced academic English collocation list (AECL). AECL is based on a large corpus of academic English and was created to cover the types of collocations that will be most useful to ESL/EFL learners. AECL is the result of an innovative research-based procedure that involves a five-step selection method. A comparison of the collocations on AECL with those found in well-known collocation dictionaries of general English and on three existing academic English collocation lists indicates that AECL indeed contains mainly academic rather than general English collocations. In addition, AECL is more comprehensive with regard to the types of collocations that are relevant to learners.

A step by step selection method for the location and the size of a waste-to-energy facility targeting the maximum output energy and minimization of gate fee

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (27) ◽  
pp. 26715-26724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efstathios Kyriakis ◽  
Constantinos Psomopoulos ◽  
Panagiotis Kokkotis ◽  
Athanasios Bourtsalas ◽  
Nikolaos Themelis
Keyword(s):  
Selection Method ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Output Energy ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Energy Facility ◽  
Step Selection

scholarly journals Rapid One-Step Selection Method for Generating Nucleic Acid Aptamers: Development of a DNA Aptamer against α-Bungarotoxin

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. e41702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lasse H. Lauridsen ◽  
Hadi A. Shamaileh ◽  
Stacey L. Edwards ◽  
Elena Taran ◽  
Rakesh N. Veedu
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Selection Method ◽  
Dna Aptamer ◽  
Nucleic Acid Aptamers ◽  
One Step ◽  
Step Selection

Chinese MA Student Writers’ Identity Construction in Citation Practices1

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-385
Author(s):  
Qingrong Liu ◽  
Liming Deng
Keyword(s):  
Identity Construction ◽  
Academic English ◽  
Student Writers ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Disciplinary Identity ◽  
Authorial Identity ◽  
Citation Practices ◽  
Mixed Approach ◽  
Ma Thesis ◽  
Thesis Writing

Abstract Based on Burgess and Ivanič’s (2010) framework of the discoursal construction of writer identity, this paper explores the interaction between citation practices and identity construction in Chinese EFL learners’ MA thesis writing. A mixed approach of textual analysis and interviews was adopted to examine the citation features of MA theses and the identities Chinese EFL learners constructed through citation selection. It was found that students’ selection of citations reflects their linguistic identity, academic and disciplinary identity, as well as novice identity. Their citation practices project different discursive selves to readers. By adjusting the number and relevance of references, they intend to construct a knowledgeable and credible self. The use of ineffective citations and references not only projects an unfavorable impression on readers but reflects a lack of authorial identity. This study has significant implications for the teaching of academic English and the supervision of thesis writing.

scholarly journals Reflexive metadiscourse in a corpus of Spanish bachelor dissertations in EFL

2018 ◽  
pp. 29-49
Author(s):  
Noelia Navarro Gil
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Academic English ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Learner Corpus ◽  
Academic Texts ◽  
Writing Culture ◽  
The One ◽  
High Degree ◽  
And Linguistics

Academic English has often been described as a reader-oriented discourse, in which the structure, objectives and claims are made explicit and carefully framed. Metadiscourse markers help to build coherence and cohesion, and allow writers to guide their readership through their texts. Spanish EFL learners often transfer part of their L1 writing culture into their L2 texts. This is problematic because academic Spanish tends to show a slightly more reader-responsible style, and academic texts call for a high degree of disciplinarity: learners not only have to be aware of the conventions of the L2 regarding metadiscourse, but also of their own discipline. This article explores the use of reflexive metadiscourse in a learner corpus of bachelor dissertations written in English by Spanish undergraduates in medicine and linguistics, and compares the results with an expert corpus of research articles. The results show that overall both corpora contain similar frequencies of textual metadiscourse, but this is only true when we look at the results according to discipline. In spite of this quantitative similarity, there are cases of overuse and underuse in the learner corpus that highlight features of the bachelor dissertations genre, on the one hand, and EFL Spanish writing, on the other hand.

Modeling and Simulation of Big Pendulum Hammer with Natural Coordinates

2013 ◽  
Vol 753-755 ◽  
pp. 1016-1019
Author(s):  
Ke Wei Zhang ◽  
Zhi Gang Hu ◽  
Peng Wei Guo
Keyword(s):  
Selection Method ◽  
Natural Coordinates ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Natural Coordinate System ◽  
Self Adaptation ◽  
Natural Coordinate ◽  
Step Selection ◽  
Adaptation Method ◽  
Rigid Element ◽  
Selection Of

The dynamic of a type of play equipment, Big Pendulum Hammer, was modeled and simulated in computer and the approach of natural coordinates was adopted to build its equation of motion. In order to obtain appropriate natural coordinates, a two-step selection method was chosen, which based on concept of natural coordinate system (NCS). The two-step method treats selecting natural coordinates for a rigid element as building an actual NCS which should be adapted from a standard NCS. In order to automate the process of adaptation for 18 rigid elements in the model of Big Pendulum Hammer, a four-step self-adaptation method was also adopted, which can help automate the selection of natural coordinates for multi-rigidbody systems.

High purity and yield of natural Tregs from cord blood using a single step selection method

2008 ◽  
Vol 339 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Figueroa-Tentori ◽  
Sergio Querol ◽  
I. Anthony Dodi ◽  
Alejandro Madrigal ◽  
Richard Duggleby
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Selection Method ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Step Selection

Tinkering with cognitive gadgets: Cultural evolutionary psychology meets active inference

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Benjamin Badcock ◽  
Axel Constant ◽  
Maxwell James Désormeau Ramstead
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Psychology ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Active Inference ◽  
Innovative Research ◽  
Cognitive Faculties ◽  
Cultural Evolutionary ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Cognitive Gadgets offers a new, convincing perspective on the origins of our distinctive cognitive faculties, coupled with a clear, innovative research program. Although we broadly endorse Heyes’ ideas, we raise some concerns about her characterisation of evolutionary psychology and the relationship between biology and culture, before discussing the potential fruits of examining cognitive gadgets through the lens of active inference.

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