APPLICATION OF EDGE ANALYTICS TECHNOLOGY TO DEVELOP DIGITAL TWINS OF RUSSIA’S UNITED ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM FACILITIES

Технология цифровых двойников является одной из базовых технологий в процессе «цифровизации» энергетики. Важным компонентом цифрового двойника является сбор данных с физического объекта для мониторинга и управления этим объектом. Современные средства информационного обеспечения задач управления режимами ЕЭС России - SCADA и СМПР - предоставляют в центры диспетчерского управления огромные объемы информации, которая может быть использована для создания цифрового двойника отдельного объекта энергетики или всей энергосистемы в целом. В статье для снижения объемов и стоимости передачи и хранения больших объемов данных при создании цифровых двойников объектов энергетики предлагается использовать технологию «Edge Analytics» - граничной аналитики, которая позволяет осуществлять сбор, обработку и анализ данных на периферийных устройствах сети рядом с источником информации. В качестве объекта для создания цифрового двойника рассматривается современная цифровая подстанция. The technology of digital twins is a basic one in the process of energy "digitalization." An essential component of the digital twin development is data collection from a physical facility to monitor and control this facility. Advanced information support systems designed to control the UES of Russia (SCADA and WAMS) provide control centers with considerable amounts of information, which can be used to create a digital twin of an individual energy facility or entire power system. This paper proposes the use of edge analytics technology that enables the collection, processing, and analysis of data on network peripheral units near the information source, to reduce the amount and cost of transmission and storage of a whole host of data when creating digital twins of energy facilities. A modern digital substation is considered as a facility to be digitally twinned.

The Method of Cyber Awareness Analysis of an Energy Facility

The article proposes to analyze cyber-situational awareness of an energy facility in three stages. There are i) analysis of cyber threats to the energy infrastructure; ii) modeling of extreme situations scenarios in the energy sector caused by the implementation of the cyber threats; iii) risk assessment of the cybersecurity disruption to energy infrastructure. Three methods are presented, corresponding to each stage. The authors propose to apply semantic modeling methods to analyze the impact of cyber threats to energy facilities, taking into account energy security within the presented approach. Such methods show their effectiveness in the absence or incompleteness of data for modeling the behavior of systems, which defies formal description or accurate forecasting. The presented approach to the cyber situational awareness analysis of energy facilities considered as a synthesis of cybersecurity and situational awareness studies, characterized by the use of semantic modeling methods.

IMPROVING THE RELIABILITY OF THE FUEL OIL HEATING SYSTEM AT THE TYUMEN TETS-2

This article describes an engineering solution that allows a significant reduction in the material costs of heating reserve fuel (fuel oil) at the energy facility of the Tyumen Thermal Power Plant No. 2 (TETs 2), as well as make the heating system more reliable and less energy-intensive. Using the methods for calculating the input and output parameters of the supply pipeline and finding the surface area of the heat exchange of the coil, the authors describe the means for finding the thickness of the thermal insulation of the pipe and tank. The main equations for creating calculation methods are the heat balance equation. Using the criterion dependencies has helped in calculating the process of convective heat transfer. In addition, the authors provide the graphs for determining the steam flow rate depending on the ambient air temperature and wind speed and nomograms for determining the temperature inside the thermal insulation of the tank.

Estimating bat fatality at a Texas wind energy facility: implications transcending the United States–Mexico border

Wind energy development causes bat fatalities. Despite emphasis on understanding and reducing these impacts, few data are available for the southwest region of the United States and northern Mexico. We monitored bat fatalities for a full year (March 2017–March 2018) at a wind energy facility in south Texas near the United States–Mexico border. We established search plots of 100-m radius at eight randomly selected turbines (of 255) and searched the roads and pads at an additional 92 turbines. We conducted weekly searches from spring through fall and bimonthly during winter. We used GenEst (Generalized Mortality Estimator) to estimate bat fatalities corrected for searcher efficiency, carcass removal, and density-weighted proportion of area searched. We found 205 bats during standardized searches, the majority of which were Brazilian free-tailed bats (Tadarida brasiliensis, 76%). The corrected fatality estimates were 16 bats/megawatt/year (95% confidence interval [CI]: 12 – 30 bats/megawatt/year) across all species. Species composition at our site is similar to that of northern Mexico, an area of expanding wind energy development with no published studies.