Case Study Bangladesh: Addressing climate change effects on coastal tourism in St Martin's Island of Bangladesh.

2018 ◽  
pp. 212-220
Author(s):  
A. Hassan ◽  
R. Rahimi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Coastal Tourism ◽  
Climate Change Effects

scholarly journals Seasonality and multiannual variability of floods: case study from Eastern Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 00031
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Siwek
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Flow Duration Curve ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Flow Duration ◽  
Flood Season ◽  
Seasonality Index ◽  
Annual Distribution ◽  
Flood Characteristics

Nowadays, under increasing climate change effects on the environment, we can observe increasing number of extreme phenomena, including meteorological and hydrological ones. One of such phenomena are floods. The objective of this article is the assessment of basic flood characteristics seasonality in the annual distribution. Analysis were performed based on time series of daily flow values recorded in the years 1951–2014 in three gauging stations located on rivers in Easter Poland, in upper Wieprz catchment. Floods were defined according to TLM algorithm and were assumed to be all cases of flow occurrence exceeding 10% read from FDC (flow duration curve) (Q10). Seasonality was analysed using Markham’s Seasonality Index and Period of Seasonal Concentration, analysis of autocorrelation function (ACF) as well as proposed by the author Seasonal Winter Floods Index. The distribution of floods during year indicates one flood season in year which occurs in the spring.

scholarly journals Climate change adaptation in a coastal hotel sector: The case of Sihanoukville, Cambodia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Tinat Nhep
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Coastal Tourism ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
Total Contribution ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Hotel Sector

<p>Tourism is one of the world’s biggest and fastest-growing economic sectors with key contributions to gross domestic product (direct and total contribution), employment (direct and total contribution), visitor exports, and investment (UNWTO, 2018b; WTTC, 2018b). Cambodia is a post-conflict country, which has seen very rapid tourism development over the last decade, while also being identified as being very vulnerable to climate change impacts by several key international agencies. Along with the rapid growth of the country’s tourism, UNWTO (2014) argues that Cambodia’s coastal tourism is at the forefront of climate change impacts. Two tools widely used to respond to climate change are adaptation and mitigation (Parry, 2007). The overall effect of mitigation is ‘global’ while the positive effect of adaptation is ‘local to regional’ (Füssel & Klein, 2006). Therefore, adaptation is most needed for tourism in developing nations (Scott, de Freitas, & Matzarakis, 2009), especially for a rapidly developing coastal destination like Sihanoukville, Cambodia. Taking this into account, the thesis takes the form of a climate change-focused case study of the coastal hotel sector in Cambodia’s Sihanoukville. The central concern of the thesis is to determine whether Sihanoukville’s hotel sector adapts to climate change and critically examine the barriers and enabling factors that influence adaptation.  Adopting a postpositivist approach, the study conducted semi-structured interviews with 50 hotel respondents and field observations in Sihanoukville. Mixed method (qualitative & quantitative) and single-case study were used. Prior to exploring the adaptation, the vulnerability of Sihanoukville’s coastal tourism and its hotels were assessed through the perceptions on environmental and socio-economic factors, supported by the existing scientific evidence. The purpose is to identify the vulnerability, which is prerequisite before determining adaptation actions. The assessment is guided by key studies such as Moreno and Becken (2009), Smit and Wandel (2006), UNWTO (2014) and MOE, GEF and UNEP (2015) which explain that identifying key vulnerabilities is prerequisite knowledge before further identifying the adaptation responses for tourism. Adopted from WMO, UNEP, and WTO (2008) and Simpson, Gössling, Scott, Hall, and Gladin (2008), an adaptation framework that includes technical, managerial, policy, research and education was used to determine the hotels’ adaptation. Within the context of hotels’ adaptation, the study investigates the perceived criticality levels of barriers and enabling factors to adaptation because little research has been done to address the issue. The most critical (significant) barriers and enabling factors have been identified by measuring mean scores on a six-point rating scale with 0 being ‘uninfluential’ barrier and 5 being ‘very major’ barrier, and 0 being ‘uninfluential’ enabling factor and 5 being ‘very important’ enabling factor. In order to explore the underlying dimensions of hotel attributes (star rating, ownership etc.) and participants’ backgrounds (level of education, experience etc.) with regard to the barriers and enabling factors to adaptation, descriptive statistics and independent sample tests was used to determine whether there is statistical evidence that the associated sub-groups of respondent means are significantly different.  Although Cambodia and Sihanoukville have been identified as very vulnerable by several key reports, the participants perceived that Sihanoukville’s coastal tourism and its hotel sector are moderately and slightly vulnerable respectively, mainly owing to ‘risk perception’ or ‘perception gap’ that leads to a subjective judgement on the actual climate change impacts. These respondents were surrounded by uncertainty of climate change information. While some studies identified the hotel sector as possessing the lowest adaptive capacity that is relative to their fixed structures (buildings) (e.g. WMO et al., 2008), this study found that the hotel attributes led to considerable variation in the adaptations. Of all the five types of adaptation, the technical adaptation was most significantly employed in the hotel sector. In the context of the hotels’ adaptation, the greatest barriers and enabling factors to climate change adaptation were also identified. Measured by mean scores, the findings further showed the most critical barriers to be ‘limited resources’, limited knowledge/perception of climate change, and ‘lack of political will’, and the most critical enabling factors to be ‘sufficient resources’, ‘sufficient information’ and ‘good leadership and management structures’. Subsequently, the study critically examines the extent to which hotel attributes and participants’ backgrounds influenced the barriers and enabling factors to adaptation. It was found that the barriers and enabling factors vary due to hotel attributes as well as participants’ backgrounds. Finally, the study proposes a conceptual framework of coastal hotel sector adaptation to climate change in the context of developing countries.</p>

Impacts of global climate change in a hydrologically vulnerable region: challenges to South African hydrologists

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.E. Schulze
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Hydrological Models ◽  
Climate Change Effects

South Africa is already hydrologically vulnerable and this is likely to be exacerbated by both nonpermanent ENSO-related as well as more permanently greenhouse-gas forced climate changes. Climate change effects are explained by way of the hydrological equation. This serves as a backdrop to a brief review, in a hydrological context, of projected perturbations to temperature, rainfall and potential evaporation, over southern Africa. Methodologies for simulating hydro logical responses to climate change are assessed. These include more direct GCM-derived output, with some emphasis on recent advances in climatic downscaling, and the application of appro priate hydrological models for use in impact studies. Scale problems of importance to hydrologists are highlighted. Directions to which climate change-related hydrological research efforts should be expended in South Africa are summarized, before two case study simulations, one a general sensitivity study of hydrological responses to changes in rainfall over southern Africa, the other a more specific hydrological response study to the El Niño of the 1982-83 season, are presented. The article concludes with a discussion on whether or not water resources practitioners in South Africa should respond to climate change.

scholarly journals Climate change effects on the worst-case storm surge: a case study of Typhoon Haiyan

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 064011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izuru Takayabu ◽  
Kenshi Hibino ◽  
Hidetaka Sasaki ◽  
Hideo Shiogama ◽  
Nobuhito Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Climate Change Effects

scholarly journals Climate change effects on animal ecology: butterflies and moths as a case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geena M. Hill ◽  
Akito Y. Kawahara ◽  
Jaret C. Daniels ◽  
Craig C. Bateman ◽  
Brett R. Scheffers
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Animal Ecology ◽  
Climate Change Effects

scholarly journals THE ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF APPLYING BENEFICIAL MICROORGANISMS IN VITICULTURAL PRODUCTION UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE CONDITIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol XXI (4) ◽  
pp. 299-307
Author(s):  
Mariusz Maciejczak
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Beneficial Microorganisms ◽  
Direct Benefits ◽  
Grape Varieties

The paper aimed to present the economic effects of applying beneficial microorganisms in viticultural production under climate change conditions. It was found that increasing climate change effects calls for a broad range of adaptation and mitigation strategies in agriculture, especially in viticultural production. One of them might be the innovative use of microorganisms that have the ability to interact with plants, and thus contribute to the prevention of stresses as well as respond to them, both abiotic – like drought and biotic – like pests. Based on the direct survey carried out in 2018 among experienced winegrowers from Germany, Italy and Poland, it was observed that there was a direct economic effect of the inoculation of beneficial microorganisms to the cultivation of resistant grape varieties. The majority of farmers think that such innovation in vineyards could reduce both the costs of protection and cultivation as well as increase direct benefits. Empirical evidence from the case study performed in 2018 in the Italian sustainable farm showed that such innovation, despite increasing the costs of irrigation and organic fertilization, also led to a significant reduction of artificial fertilizer and pesticide use, the costs of which predominated.

Assessment of long-term structural reliability considering climate change effects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Croce ◽  
Paolo Formichi ◽  
Filippo Landi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Reliability Index ◽  
Structural Reliability ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Structural Resistance ◽  
Change Impact ◽  
Available Information

<p>The assessment of climate change impacts is becoming increasingly relevant for many sciences and engineering disciplines. In this context, climate change may significantly affect the design of new structures and infrastructures as well as the long-term reliability of existing ones designed under the assumption of stationary climate.</p><p>A methodology for the assessment of climate change impact on long-term structural reliability is presented, based on the analysis of available information on past and future climate. The procedure relies on the factor of change approach and provide tools for the adaptation of climatic load maps and the evaluation of variations of failure probability and reliability index with time.</p><p>The proposed procedure will be illustrated for a relevant case study considering changes in climatic actions and different degradation conditions of structural resistance, which may also be affected by global warming.</p>

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