scholarly journals Body fat in lean and overweight women estimated by six methods

1991 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. McNeill ◽  
P. A. Fowler ◽  
R. J. Maughan ◽  
B. A. McGaw ◽  
M. F. Fuller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Whole Body Counting

Body fat content of seven lean women (body mass index (BMI) 20.6 (sd1.8) kg/m2) and seven overweight women (BMI 31.1 (sd 3.3) kg/m2) was estimated by six different methods: underwater weighing (UWW), body-water dilution (BWD), whole-body counting (40K), skinfold thickness (SFT), bio-electrical impedance (BEI) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Using UWW as the reference method, the differences between percentage fat by each other method and the percentage fat by UWW were calculated for each subject. The mean difference was lowest for SFT and highest for BWD. MRI showed the lowest variability in individual results, and 40K the highest. 40K and BWD methods used in combination gave better agreement with UWW results than either 40K or BWD methods alone. There was a weak negative correlation between the difference from the UWW results and percentage fat in the SFT measurements, but not in the BWD, 40K, BEI or MRI measurements, suggesting that for these methods the assumptions involved produced no greater inaccuracy in the overweight women than in the lean women. In all subjects the BEI offered little improvement over the traditional SFT measurements. The agreement between MRI and UWW estimates in both lean and overweight women suggests that MRI may be a satisfactory substitute for the more established methods of body fat estimation in adult women.

Estimation of body fat in rats by whole-body counting

1975 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Pommer ◽  
F. L. Lakshmanan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Sodium Iodide ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Gravimetric Determination ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
Whole Body Counting

A method for determining body fat in vivo in rats by whole-body counting of 40K is described. The technique utilizes a Nuclear Chicago Corporation TOBOR system with 5-in thallium-activated sodium iodide crystals. To test the method a regression equation was developed using the 40K counts and body weight of young adult rats weighing 333–788 g; the results were compared with those obtained from the gravimetric determination of fat in the carcass. The correlation coefficient between the two methods was 0.945.

Studies of Calcium Absorption in Man Using a CD-2 Whole-Body Counter

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (04) ◽  
pp. 163-167
Author(s):  
K. Bakos ◽  
Věra Wernischová
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Absorption ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Absorption Process ◽  
Whole Body Counter ◽  
Absorption Studies ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
Calcium Load ◽  
Calcium Malabsorption ◽  
Whole Body Counting

SummaryWhole-body counting makes an important contribution of radioisotope techniques to ȁEin vivo“ absorption studies, in comparison with other methods. In a large number of subjects, the method was tested for its usefulness in the diagnosis of calcium malabsorption. The effects of drugs, of the calcium load in the gut and of the whole-body content of calcium on the absorption process were studied in a control group.

A Modified Chair Geometry for Whole Body Counting

1976 ◽  
Vol 15 (05) ◽  
pp. 246-247
Author(s):  
S. C. Jain ◽  
G. C. Bhola ◽  
A. Nagaratnam ◽  
M. M. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Marked Improvement ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Spatial Response ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Whole Body Counting ◽  
The Buddha

SummaryIn the Marinelli chair, a geometry widely used in whole body counting, the lower part of the leg is seen quite inefficiently by the detector. The present paper describes an attempt to modify the standard chair geometry to minimise this limitation. The subject sits crossed-legged in the “Buddha Posture” in the standard chair. Studies with humanoid phantoms and a volunteer sitting in the Buddha posture show that this modification brings marked improvement over the Marinelli chair both from the point of view of sensitivity and uniformity of spatial response.

Body potassium by four-pi 40K counting: an anthropometric correction

1984 ◽  
Vol 246 (2) ◽  
pp. F234-F239 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. Pierson ◽  
J. Wang ◽  
J. C. Thornton ◽  
T. B. Van Itallie ◽  
E. W. Colt
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Covariance Analysis ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium ◽  
Independent Evidence ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
Whole Body Counting

Four-pi whole body counting for the 1.46 meV photon of 40K has apparent advantages over single-crystal or two-pi counters in efficiency and in subject geometry independence. However, our studies of obese populations have disclosed a systematic undermeasurement of 40K, suggesting that nonhomogeneous K distribution results in systematic undercounting of 40K. In the current study 42K, emitting a 1.52 meV photon, was used in 109 volunteers ranging from 50 to 181 kg, and multiregression covariance analysis was applied to develop correction formulas based on anthropometrics. These corrections quantitatively account for the unappreciated loss of 40K and 42K photons in annular adipose tissue that surrounds the lean body, in which most K+ is concentrated. The correction ranges from 1 to 28% and is a linear (although different) function of weight in both sexes. Thus corrected, body potassium measurements, taken in conjunction with exchangeable sodium and water measurements, provide estimates for whole body osmolality that match measured serum values. Such a quantitative accounting for previously "lost" cation in 58 subjects provides independent evidence for the appropriateness and accuracy of the correction. With this correction, body potassium was recalculated in the 1,492 adult members of a previously reported group of 3,083 subjects.

Whole Body Counting of Vitamin B12 58Co Absorption Supplemented by Profile Scanning

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-264
Author(s):  
N. D. C. Finlayson ◽  
J. D. Simpson ◽  
D. J. C. Shearman
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
Whole Body Counting

scholarly journals Brief Note: A Note Concerning the "100 Per Cent Value" in Iron Absorption Studies by Whole Body Counting

Blood ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 757-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEWIS M. SCHIFFER ◽  
D. C. PRICE ◽  
J. CUTTNER ◽  
S. H. COHN ◽  
EUGENE P. CRONKITE
Keyword(s):  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Counter ◽  
Whole Body Counter ◽  
Absorption Studies ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
Whole Body Counting ◽  
Body Count

Abstract The 4-hour whole body count is found to be clinically valid as a "100 per cent value" in iron absorption studies performed with a whole body counter. Measurement of iron absorption can be made 2 weeks after ingestion of radioiron, but not prior to this period.

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