Estimation of body fat in rats by whole-body counting

1975 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Pommer ◽  
F. L. Lakshmanan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Sodium Iodide ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Gravimetric Determination ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
Whole Body Counting

A method for determining body fat in vivo in rats by whole-body counting of 40K is described. The technique utilizes a Nuclear Chicago Corporation TOBOR system with 5-in thallium-activated sodium iodide crystals. To test the method a regression equation was developed using the 40K counts and body weight of young adult rats weighing 333–788 g; the results were compared with those obtained from the gravimetric determination of fat in the carcass. The correlation coefficient between the two methods was 0.945.

scholarly journals The Elution of 51Cr from Labelled Leukocytes —a New Theory

Blood ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER M. RONAI
Keyword(s):  
Covalent Bond ◽  
Paper Electrophoresis ◽  
Cellular Protein ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Trichloracetic Acid ◽  
Protein Fragments ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
Whole Body Counting

Abstract Chromium-51 elutes rapidly from labelled leukocytes and tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo. Eluted 51Cr is dialysable and is not precipitated with trichloracetic acid and it has therefore been assumed to be free chromium which has dissociated from the labelled cellular protein. In vitro studies with 51Cr-labelled albumin have, however, demonstrated the extreme stability of the covalent bond between chromium and protein. Paper electrophoresis experiments are here described which show that the 51Cr which elutes from labelled mouse peritoneal cells behaves electrophoretically like 51Cr-labelled peptides and not at all like free 51Cr in either hexavalent or trivalent forms, or 51Cr-labelled lysine and arginine. Whole body counting studies after the intravenous injection of the various 51Cr preparations into mice indicate that eluted 51Cr and 51Cr-labelled peptides also have similar biologic behavior. Together, the electrophoretic and whole body counting studies exclude the presence of significant amounts of free 51Cr (either hexavalent or trivalent) in the 51Cr that elutes from labelled cells and supports the hypothesis that 51Cr elution results from turnover of labelled protein within the cell and loss of non-reutilisable labelled protein fragments. Confirmation of this theory would provide a powerful technic for the study of intra and extracellular protein metabolism.

scholarly journals A Kinetic Method for the Measurement of Zinc Influx In Vivo in the Rainbow Trout, and the Effects of Waterborne Calcium on Flux Rates

1989 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
pp. 425-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. SPRY ◽  
C. M. WOOD
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Plasma Sample ◽  
Kinetic Method ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Constant Infusion ◽  
Linear Component ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
Whole Body Counting

Three methods were evaluated to measure rate of influx of Zn into rainbow trout. The first two, disappearance of 65Zn from the water and whole-body counting, overestimated influx when compared with a third method which used a terminal plasma sample to calculate influx. The cause of the overestimate was a short-term adsorption phenomenon to both the experimental apparatus and the exterior of the fish. The third method measured only Zn which entered the fish. This method entailed ‘calibration’ of cannulated trout by constant infusion of small amounts of radiolabelled Zn. This was analogous to the entry of Zn into fish across the gill. After 24–36 h of infusion, plasma radioactivity reached a steadystate concentration which was a simple linear function of the rate of infusion. This relationship was then used to predict influx from a single terminal plasma sample from uncannulated trout exposed to radiolabelled Zn in the water. Trout acclimated to tapwater (Ca2+ = 2.0 mequivl−1) and exposed to Zn (1.5-45.9 μequivl−1; 0.05-1.5 mgl−1) showed saturable uptake which was apparently first order with no significant linear component. The apparent Jmax and Km were 314 nequiv kg−1 h−1 and 7.3 μequivl−1 (0.24 mgl−1), respectively. Acutely raising the waterborne [Ca2+] (4.7 and 9.7 mequivl−1) over the same range of [Zn] revealed a competitive type of interaction - little change in Jmax, with increased Km. When Ca2+ was acutely removed (0.05 and 1.02 mequivl−1) by the use of artificial soft water, significant linear influx occurred in addition to the saturable uptake noted at higher [Ca2+], suggesting the opening of a paracellular leak. Calculation of the inhibitor constant for Ca2+ yielded a value of 0.48 mequivl−1. This value is similar to the Km for Ca2+ when it was a transported substrate (0.28 ± 0.07 mequivl−1). The true Km for Zn transport in the absence of Ca2+ was 1.0 μequivl−1 (0.06 mgl−1). These data showed Zn influx to be saturable and strongly dependent upon waterborne [Ca2+], perhaps traversing the gill in a manner similar to Ca2+.

scholarly journals Body fat in lean and overweight women estimated by six methods

1991 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. McNeill ◽  
P. A. Fowler ◽  
R. J. Maughan ◽  
B. A. McGaw ◽  
M. F. Fuller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Whole Body Counting

Body fat content of seven lean women (body mass index (BMI) 20.6 (sd1.8) kg/m2) and seven overweight women (BMI 31.1 (sd 3.3) kg/m2) was estimated by six different methods: underwater weighing (UWW), body-water dilution (BWD), whole-body counting (40K), skinfold thickness (SFT), bio-electrical impedance (BEI) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Using UWW as the reference method, the differences between percentage fat by each other method and the percentage fat by UWW were calculated for each subject. The mean difference was lowest for SFT and highest for BWD. MRI showed the lowest variability in individual results, and 40K the highest. 40K and BWD methods used in combination gave better agreement with UWW results than either 40K or BWD methods alone. There was a weak negative correlation between the difference from the UWW results and percentage fat in the SFT measurements, but not in the BWD, 40K, BEI or MRI measurements, suggesting that for these methods the assumptions involved produced no greater inaccuracy in the overweight women than in the lean women. In all subjects the BEI offered little improvement over the traditional SFT measurements. The agreement between MRI and UWW estimates in both lean and overweight women suggests that MRI may be a satisfactory substitute for the more established methods of body fat estimation in adult women.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF RADIOACTIVELY LABELED GLOBULIN TURNOVER BY THE DIRECT WHOLE-BODY COUNTING TECHNIQUE*

1961 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart W. Lippincott ◽  
Stanton H. Cohn ◽  
Helen Hamel ◽  
Samuel Fine ◽  
Samuel Korman
Keyword(s):  
Whole Body ◽  
Counting Technique ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
Whole Body Counting

Determination of the optimum window for whole body counting of 47Ca

1974 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L. Carrejas ◽  
M.A. Mendez ◽  
N. Soria ◽  
V. Pecorini ◽  
O.J. Degrossi
Keyword(s):  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
Whole Body Counting

Determination of potassium in the skeletal muscles by whole-body counting

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (0) ◽  
pp. s68-s72 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Isaksson ◽  
I. Bosaeus ◽  
Y. Surac ◽  
M. Alpsten
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
Whole Body Counting
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