Seed Production Costs for Radiata Pine Seed Orchards

1971 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. DANBURY
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Radiata Pine ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Seed Orchards

Seed Production in Radiata Pine Seed Orchards in Australia

1976 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. PEDERICK ◽  
A. G. BROWN
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Radiata Pine ◽  
Seed Orchards

scholarly journals Improvement of technological processes of non-seedling method of growing sugar beet seed

2020 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-111
Author(s):  
V. Kurilo ◽  
◽  
V. Pryshliak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Technological Processes

The article describes the advanced, based on the results of research on the agrophysical properties of plants, technological processes of a non-seedling method of seed production. The agrotechnical techniques developed and proposed for practical use are shown, which provide the increase of seed yield, increase of their coefficient of reproduction and reduction of production costs. The results of the research can be used to improve and optimize zonal technologies and facilities for growing and harvesting sugar beet seed.

Staining techniques to ascertain CMS/FR system in maize (Zea mays L.) for hybrid development

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
ISHFAQ ABIDI ◽  
G ALI ◽  
ZA DAR ◽  
SHABIR H WANI ◽  
ASIF M IQBAL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Maize Seed ◽  
Maize Pollen ◽  
Seed Industry ◽  
Great Utility ◽  
Staining Techniques ◽  
Hybrid Maize

The major hurdle impeding the wide adoption of hybrid maize, in developing countries particularly in high altitudes of Indian Himalayas has been the cost consideration. Hybrid maize seed is generally 4-10 times more expensive than the seed of OPVs and often beyond the purchasing power of poor farmers who have limited resources and little access to the credit facilities. The seed production costs, therefore, need to be reduced drastically to make it available to the farmers at affordable prices. Currently, the hybrid maize seed is produced by detasseling of seed parent is labour intensive and costs 280-300 US dollars per hectare. Cytoplasmic male sterility (genetic emasculation) therefore, has been looked since long back as a sound and sustainable alternative to bring down the hybrid seed production costs besides adding purity to the end product. CMS plants are characterized by their inability to produce viable pollen while having little or no effect on female fertility. The unique pattern of inheritance (CMS is transmitted only through female parent) has enabled the CMS trait to be of great utility to plant breeders and the commercial seed industry. Staining techniques used in present investigation helped in the objective classification of maize pollen into fertile and sterile phenotypes in maize.

scholarly journals Chemicals Used in Southern Forest Nurseries

1996 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. South ◽  
Janusz B. Zwolinksi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Average Cost ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
The World ◽  
Forest Nurseries

Abstract Large-scale tree planting programs have placed a tremendous pressure on nursery managers to supply unprecedented numbers of seedlings. Inclusion of chemicals into seed production regimes have made it possible for southern pine nurseries to be the most productive in the world, in terms of both output per nursery and average cost per seedling. Nursery managers in the South rely on the use of fertilizers, fumigants, and pesticides to help keep production costs low. Judicious use of fertilizers can reduce the production of cull seedlings as well as increase field growth after outplanting. It has been our experience that investing in the use of pesticides and inorganic fertilizers provides a high rate of return for the nursery manager. South. J. Appl. For. 20(3):127-135.

Seed and pollen production after stem injections of gibberellin A4/7 in field-grown seed orchards of Pinus sylvestris

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urban Eriksson ◽  
Gunnar Jansson ◽  
Curt Almqvist
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Floral Induction ◽  
Pollen Production ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Cone Production ◽  
Empty Seeds ◽  
Filled Seeds

The effects of stem injections of gibberellin A4/7 (GA4/7) were studied in two experiments conducted in two different field-grown seed orchards of Pinus sylvestris L. Both experiments were carried out during years with favourable conditions for floral induction, i.e., higher temperatures and less precipitation than average years. In experiment 1, cone production and the number of filled seeds per graft increased significantly, the latter by about 60% compared with the control. Filled seeds per graft increased in experiment 2 as well, although the increase was not statistically significant. In both experiments, GA4/7 treatment significantly reduced the 1000-seed weight but did not significantly affect the number of filled and empty seeds per cone. In both experiments, grafts stimulated to increase seed production tended to produce smaller cones. In experiment 2, pollen production was significantly increased after stem injections of GA4/7. The increase above the control was about 90%. There was a tendency for stem injections of GA4/7, which were intended to increase seed production, to reduce pollen production. Clonal effects were significant for all variables tested in the study. No damage to the treated grafts were observed that could be attributed to the treatment. The use of stem injections of GA4/7 as an operational means in seed orchards of P. sylvestris is therefore recommended.

scholarly journals PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL SUNFLOWER OIL PRODUCTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Наталья Александрова ◽  
Natal'ya Aleksandrova ◽  
Асия Субаева ◽  
Asiya Subaeva ◽  
Айрат Валиев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Oil Seed ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Sunflower Production

For 2010 - 2018 the role of sunflower in the agricultural production of the region has increased significantly, due to the high payback of this crop. Against the background of expanding acreage and yield growth, there is a significant increase in gross harvest of oilseeds. However, a high level of supply slows down the growth rates of the selling price and the efficiency of the industry. As a result, it is necessary to search for reserves to increase the profitability of sunflower oil seed production in the region. In order to study the influence of a number of factors on the profitability of sunflower production, agricultural organizations of the Ulyanovsk region carried out a correlation and regression analysis. The sample was carried out on 74 organizations involved in the cultivation of sunflower. The quantitative characteristics obtained in the course of the correlation-regression study indicate a significant impact on the efficiency of the industry on the level of yield of sunflower. Thus, with an increase in crop yield by 1 centners per hectare, the profitability of production increases by 2.11 percentage points. Seed costs and selling prices have a significant impact on the growth of profitability of sunflower production. With an increase in the selling price of 1 rub. The industry’s efficiency increases by an average of 0.11 ppt. Increase in the share of seed costs in total production costs by 1 percentage point leads to an increase in the effective trait by 0.1 percentage points. The dynamic development of sunflower oil seed production in the region is possible only on the basis of the activation of innovative processes that affect the efficiency and competitiveness of the industry. A possible innovation in the development of the oilseeds production and storage system in the absence of its own modern elevator capacities is the use of prefabricated storage facilities, the system of which provides for active ventilation, air cooling, and product quality control.

DISTRIBUTION AND IMPACT OF LEPTOGLOSSUS OCCIDENTALS HEIDEMANN (HEMIPTERA: COREIDAE) IN SEED ORCHARDS IN BRITISH COLUMBIA

1996 ◽  
Vol 128 (6) ◽  
pp. 1065-1076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzie E. Blatt ◽  
John H. Borden
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Threshold Levels ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Leptoglossus Occidentalis

AbstractLeptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann (Hemiptera: Coreidae) is considered to be an important cone and seed pest in seed orchards in British Columbia; however, no impact studies have been done in Canada. Surveys to determine the distribution of L. occidentalis were conducted over a 3-year period in three coastal seed orchards of Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco, and over a 2-year period in two seed orchards of lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelmann. Leptoglossus occidentalis was found to distribute itself in patches, coinciding with a clonal preference. Seed losses were assessed for 2 years in the coastal Douglas-fir orchards and for 1 year in one lodgepole pine orchard. The percentages of partially filled seed that could have been caused by feeding of L. occidentalis or by a number of other factors were < 5% in coastal Douglas-fir for both 1992 and 1993 and ~14% in lodgepole pine in 1993. Apparently because populations of L. occidentalis were low, there was no correlation between the percentage of partially filled seed and number of insects per tree. Except in unusual circumstances, management measures in Canada are judged not to be necessary as populations of L. occidentalis are consistently below the calculated threshold levels required to cause ≥5% loss in seed production.

Pollinators in seed orchards of Eucalyptus nitens (Myrtaceae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 209 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Hingston ◽  
P. B. McQuillan ◽  
B. M. Potts
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Eucalyptus Nitens ◽  
Floral Structure ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
The World ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
Insect Activity ◽  
Effective Pollinators

Flowers of the commercially important tree Eucalyptus nitens (Deane & Maiden) Maiden were visited by a diverse array of insects, but not by birds, in Tasmanian seed orchards. Most species of insects that visited the flowers of E. nitens are likely to be effective pollinators because all common species of visitors carried many grains of Eucalyptus pollen, and the open floral structure facilitates frequent insect contact with stigmas. Seed production also suggested that a wide variety of insects were effective pollinators because flowers were consistently well pollinated, despite differences in flower-visitor communities among orchards and particular branches of flowers. The generalised entomophilous pollination system of E. nitens suggests that effective pollinators should occur in seed orchards of this tree throughout the world, provided that flowering occurs at a time of year conducive to insect activity. Although a wide variety of insects appear to be effective pollinators of E. nitens, introduced honeybees, Apis mellifera L., that are often deployed as pollinators in seed orchards were consistently not attracted to the flowers. The reliance on wild insects as pollinators suggests that seed production in E. nitens may benefit from reduced use of broad-spectrum insecticides in, and near, seed orchards.

scholarly journals Clonal variation in cone and seed production in black and white spruce seed orchards and management implications

1996 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 475-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory W. Adams ◽  
Hartmut A. Kunze
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Clonal Variation ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Orchard Management

Variation in cone and seed production across a range of clones in black and white spruce seed orchards was investigated in 1994. The purpose was to develop production information to be used with knowledge of orchard management practices to capture genetic gain more efficiently and improve clonal balance in orchard seedlots. Bulk cone collections were made from ten randomly selected trees for each of 48 clones and 60 clones of white spruce and black spruce, respectively. The average number of cones tree−1 was determined for each clone. Seeds were extracted and average seeds tree−1, seeds cone−1 and seeds g−1 were determined for each clone. Clones were ranked by cone and seed production and significant variation existed between the two ranks. For white spruce, a strong positive correlation was found between number of cones tree−1 and number of seeds, but the same was not found for black spruce, largely because some of the heaviest cone bearing clones produced lower amounts of sound seed. For both species, clones which produced more cones tree−1 tended to produce fewer seeds per cone and the seed was smaller than clones with more moderate levels of cone production. Clonal balance in cone and seed production is discussed with respect to practical orchard management options. Key words: clonal variation, cone and seed production, seed orchard, black spruce, white spruce

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document