scholarly journals Stylar peroxidases and heteromorphic incompatibility reactions inPrimula acaulisHill («thrum» morph)

Caryologia ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Carraro ◽  
Giuliana Lombardo ◽  
Paolo Gerola
Keyword(s):  
Heteromorphic Incompatibility ◽  
Incompatibility Reactions

scholarly journals Virulence of Phytophthora infestans isolates from potato in Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 279-288
Author(s):  
Jose Ignacio Ruiz de Galarreta ◽  
Alba Alvarez-Morezuelas ◽  
Nestor Alor ◽  
Leire Barandalla ◽  
Enrique Ritter
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Pathogen Populations ◽  
Incompatibility Reactions

The oomycete Phytophthora infestans is responsible for the disease known as late blight in potato and tomato. It is the plant pathogen that has caused the greatest impact on humankind so far and, despite all the studies that have been made, it remains the most important in this crop. In Spain during the last years a greater severity of the disease has been observed in both, potato and tomato, probably due to genetic changes in pathogen populations described recently. The aim of this study was the characterization of the physiological strains of 52 isolates of P. infestans obtained in different potato-growing areas in Spain. For this purpose, inoculations on detached leaves were performed in order to determine compatibility or incompatibility reactions. A total of 17 physiological races were found. The less frequent virulence factors were Avr5 and Avr8. By studying the epidemiology of the pathogen, a specific breeding program for late blight resistance can be implemented.

scholarly journals Breeding biology and distyly in Palicourea rigida H. B. & K. (Rubiaceae) in the Cerrados of Central Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 686-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana de Oliveira Machado ◽  
Ana Palmira Silva ◽  
Helder Consolaro ◽  
Mariluza A. Granja e Barros ◽  
Paulo Eugênio Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Floral Biology ◽  
Nectar Production ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Palicourea Rigida ◽  
Floral Visitors ◽  
Compatible Pollen ◽  
Incompatibility Reactions

Distyly is a floral polymorphism more common among the Rubiaceae than in any other angiosperm group. Palicourea rigida is a typically distylous species of the Rubiaceae widely distributed in the Brazilian Cerrados. This work aimed to study the floral biology and breeding system of P. rigida in order to verify if there wasasymmetry between floral morphs. The work was carried out at Fazenda Água Limpa, Brasília-DF, from 1993 to 1995; and at Serra Caldas Novas State Park-Goias and in Clube Caça e Pesca Itororó de Uberlândia-Minas Gerais in 2005 and 2006. Density, height and pin/thrum ratio were assessed for flowering individuals in all areas. Plants were investigated for differences in floral morphology, nectar production, reproductive success and site of self incompatibility reactions. Blooming period was long and concentrated during the rains. Flowers were clearly distylous and with reciprocal herkogamy. They produced nectar and lasted for a single day. In spite of differences in density and height, populations were mostly isoplethic. Nectar production varied in volume and concentration but the differences could not be associated with floral morphs. The species is self-incompatible but reproductive success was always high and independent of floral morphs. There were differences in the site of incompatibility barriers between floral morphs, which were similar to those observed for other Rubiaceae. The main floral visitors and pollinators were the hummingbirds Colibri serrirostris and Eupetomena macroura. High fruit-set indicates that the pollinators transported enough compatible pollen grains between floral morphs, despite their territorial behavior.

scholarly journals Plant Allergen-Induced Contact Dermatitis

Planta Medica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (07) ◽  
pp. 528-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Esser ◽  
Sabine Mueller ◽  
Stefan Martin
Keyword(s):  
Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Natural Origin ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Immunological Mechanisms ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Plant Exposure ◽  
Incompatibility Reactions ◽  
Plant Compounds

AbstractAlthough manifold beneficial effects of plant compounds for the treatment of skin disorders are known, cutaneous exposure to plants can also result in various types of incompatibility reactions such as contact dermatitis. In this mini-review, we briefly describe the different clinical forms of contact dermatitis (photoinduced, irritative, and allergic form) and highlight recent publications in the field of contact dermatitis. Major topics are recent recommendations regarding testing for plant contact dermatitis, advances in understanding the immunological mechanisms of plant contact dermatitis, and case reports for plant contact dermatitis. Unfortunately, most people still associate the terms “healthy and safe to use” with plant compounds due to their natural origin, leading to an increased utilization, be it for home-made remedies or as cosmetics. Therefore, it is on the one hand important to raise awareness in a broad audience that plants may cause contact dermatitis and on the other hand to indicate to clinicians that plants should be included in a patch test if a history of plant exposure exists.

scholarly journals POSTPARABIOTIC TISSUE REACTIONS OF RABBITS TO MUSCULOFASCIAL CROSS-TRANSPLANTS

1957 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Andresen ◽  
Clarence W. Monroe ◽  
George M. Hass ◽  
Dorothy A. Madden
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Tissue Reactions ◽  
Second Period ◽  
Surgical Separation ◽  
Incompatibility Reactions ◽  
Spontaneous Separation

Twenty-five pairs of male rabbits of the same variety and strain were joined together in aural parabiosis for 13 to 15 days and then separated from one another. Thirteen pairs of the separated parabiotic twins were surgically united for a second period of parabiosis, less successful than the first due to deficient healing and spontaneous separation of tissue in 5 to 15 days at the site of anastomosis. Within 6 to 90 days after spontaneous or surgical separation of all parabionts, the postparabiotic twins which had been united to one another were cross-grafted with musculofascial transplants. 2 weeks later, the animals were sacrificed and microscopic studies made of the organs and sites of transplantation. These studies disclosed that either one or two periods of parabiosis resulted in the same persistent modification of classical host-homograft interactions. This modification was characterized by the replacement of the customary basic or sensitized homologous incompatibility reactions by a reaction more easily interpreted as one of host-graft tolerance or indifference. The intense inflammatory aspects of the usual host-homograft interactions were absent. Penetration of the musculofascial graft by vascularized mesenchyme derived from the host was retarded. When it occurred, the vascularizing reaction was abnormal and unaccompanied by the customary proliferative, resorptive, and repairative activities of admixed cells of the host and the graft. These observations provide another means which may be useful in seeking conditions for increasing the probability of successful homografting between members of a genetically impure species.

Self- and cross-incompatibility in Asparagus officinalis and Asparagus densiflorus cv. Sprengeri

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 1621-1625 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. N. Marcellán ◽  
E. L. Camadro
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Valuable Source ◽  
Stigmatic Surface ◽  
Commercial Cultivars ◽  
Garden Asparagus ◽  
Internal Barriers ◽  
Incompatibility Reactions

Garden asparagus, Asparagus officinalis L. (off), is dioecious and reproductively isolated from a related ornamental, monoecious Asparagus densifiorus (Kunth) Jessop cv. Sprengeri (spr). Since the latter is a potentially valuable source of germplasm, a study was initiated to identify hybridization barriers. Intra- and inter-specific crosses were made using 32 plants of two commercial cultivars of off and 17 plants of three introductions of spr. Part of the pollinated pistils were fixed and examined via fluorescence microscopy. In some combinations of genotypes, incompatibility reactions were detected: (i) off × off: in the stigmatic tissue, (ii) spr × spr: on the stigmatic surface and in the style, and (iii) spr × off: on the stigmatic surface, in the stigmatic tissue, and in the style. Although pollen tubes reached the ovules in most combinations of genotypes, seeds were only produced in intraspecific crosses. It is concluded that two types of internal barriers are acting: cross-incompatibility at the pollen–stigma and pollen–style levels, and stronger post-stylar barriers that had not been determined yet. Keywords: Asparagus densifiorus cv. Sprengeri, Asparagus officinalis, cross-incompatibility, reproductive isolation.

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