Addition of Crop Residues with Different C:N Ratios on the Release Pattern of Available Nitrogen and Sulfur in Different Soils

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Sreejan Singh ◽  
P. K. Sharma ◽  
Surendra Singh ◽  
Arvind Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Crop Residues ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Release Pattern ◽  
Different Soils

Soil organic carbon and nitrogen pools as affected by compost applicationsto a sandy-loam soil in Québec

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joann K Whalen ◽  
Hicham Benslim ◽  
You Jiao ◽  
Benjamin K Sey
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Total N

Compost contributes plant-available nutrients for crop production and adds partially decomposed carbon (C) to the soil organic carbon (SOC) pool. The effect of compost applications and other agricultural practices on SOC and total nitrogen (N) pools was determined in a sandy-loam Humic Gleysol at the Research Farm of McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec. Experimental plots with continuous silage corn (Zea mays L.) and silage corn-soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) production were under conventional tillage (CT) or no-tillage (NT) management. Composted cattle manure was applied each spring at rates of 0, 5, 10 and 15 Mg (dry weight) ha-1 and supplemental NPK fertilizers were added to meet crop requirements. The C input from crop residues was affected by tillage, crop rotations and compost application, but differences in the SOC and total N pools were due to compost applications. After 5 yr, compost-amended plots gained 1.35 to 2.02 Mg C ha-1 yr-1 in the SOC pool and 0.18 to 0.24 Mg N ha-1 yr-1 in the total N pool, as compared with initial pool sizes when the experiment was initiated. These gains in SOC and total N were achieved with agronomic rates of compost and supplemental NPK fertilizers, selected to match the phosphorus requirements of silage corn. Such judicious use of compost has the potential to increase the SOC and total N pools in agroecosystems under annual crop production. Key words: Composted cattle manure, corn silage, mineral fertilizer, plant-available nitrogen, soil organic carbon

Efficiency of Sesbania sesban and Acacia angustissima in limiting methanogenesis and increasing ruminally available nitrogen in a tropical grass-based diet depends on accession

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Z. Bekele ◽  
C. Clément ◽  
M. Kreuzer ◽  
C. R. Soliva
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Sesbania Sesban ◽  
Combination Strategy ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Acacia Angustissima ◽  
Tropical Grass

Novel strategies to improve nutrient-poor tropical diets for ruminants should aim to increase feeding value and, simultaneously, reduce emissions of the greenhouse gas methane. Both aims were addressed in the present in vitro experiment when supplementing a low quality, tropical grass (Brachiaria humidicola; Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical accession number 6133) with foliage from various leguminous multi-purpose shrubs, all of them containing plant secondary metabolites in different concentrations. In detail, foliage of Acacia angustissima from the International Livestock Research Institute ( ILRI; accessions no. 459 and 15132), Sesbania sesban (ILRI 10865 and 15019), Samanea saman (ILRI 14884), and leafy crop residues of the grain legume Cajanus cajan (ILRI 16555) were supplemented at 200 g/kg dry matter. Additionally, a combination of C. cajan and S. sesban 10865 was tested. Effects on methanogenesis, ruminal nitrogen turnover and other fermentation traits were determined with the rumen simulation technique Rusitec. All supplements enhanced the fermentable nutrient supply, especially ruminally degradable crude protein, and improved the calculated microbial efficiency in nitrogen utilisation. Methanogenesis was limited by one accession of S. sesban (10865) and, less clearly, by one A. angustissima accession (459), while the other supplements remained ineffective. The first mentioned accessions proved to be far richer in several plant secondary metabolites, especially saponins and tannins. Provided in combination, C. cajan and S. sesban 10865 supported each other in their effects on nitrogen usage and total methane release. Accordingly, a combination strategy might provide, after being verified in vivo, a particularly promising option to improve low quality, tropical diets at limited environmental impact thus facilitating its adoption by stakeholders.

scholarly journals Effect of Short Term Management of Soil Organic Carbon Build up and Organic Residues Types on Some Soil Properties and Barleys Yield Under Saline Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 904 (1) ◽  
pp. 012053
Author(s):  
S J H Dwenee ◽  
A S Falih ◽  
F O K Alghrairi ◽  
A F Hassan ◽  
S A Khudair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract A field experiment was carried out for three season 2017, 2018 and 2019 to investigate the role of some types of organic field residues (crop, tree and shrubs and orchard residues) in soil organic carbon built up and improving the soil fertility within conditions of salt stresses. Treatments were added based on their organic carbon content, to reach 1.0%, supplementing the organic carbon already present in the soil. The results showed that the percentage of loss in organic carbon differs according to the added organic residues. The percentage of the organic carbon remaining in the soil for season 2017 after harvest was 0.542%, 0.794%, 0.728% and 0.642% for control, crop residues, tree residues and shrubs and residues of orchards, respectively. In order to maintain the organic carbon ratio up to 1.0%, it was necessary to add organic residues in the following season 2018 in quantities of 0.742, 1.074 and 1.537 kg/m2, down from the initial addition in 2017 by 55.79%, 41.63% and 23.18%. In the 2019 season, the addition amounted to 0.537, 0.691 and 1.108 kg/m2, down from the initial addition in 2017 by 68.03%, 62.44% and 44.64% for the treatments, crop, tree and shrubs and orchard residues, respectively. The addition of orchard residue treatment showed a significant difference in the yield of straw and grains in all years of implementation of the experiment, at a rate of 18.67%, 7.38% and 11.22% in 2017, with a rate of 13.68%, 1.74% and 8.67% in 2018, at a rate of 17.11%, 3.44% And 6.59% in 2019 for control, tree and shrubs residues and crop residues, respectively. The addition of organic wastes improved the soil fertility for three years of study, as the salinity decreased by 16.65% and the total nitrogen, organic carbon, available nitrogen, available potassium and available phosphorus increased by 22.91%, 42.36%, 33.01%, 30.86% and 32.95%, respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of Crop Residues Management on Soil Properties and Crop Productivity of Rice-wheat System in Inceptisols of Seemanchal Region of Bihar

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rama Kant Singh ◽  
Girijesh Kumar Sharma ◽  
Pankaj Kumar ◽  
S. K. Singh ◽  
Reeta Singh
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Crop Residue Management

A field experiment was carried out at Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Katihar, Bihar in jurisdiction of Bihar Agricultural University Sabour, Bhagalpur during 2014 to 2018 with the objective to find out suitable crop residue management option under rice- wheat cropping system in Inceptisols of Seemanchal area of Bihar. The results after four years clearly indicates that the crop residue management practices involving  incorporation of residues improved favorably and significantly the soil properties such as bulk density, infiltration rate, mean weight diameter, aggregate stability, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, bacterial and fungal population, enzyme dehydrogenase and phosphatase activity in the soil and increased the grain yields of rice and wheat crop in the system over removal or burning of crop residue practices. Due to increased availability of readily decomposable organic matter in the form of crop residue and freshly incorporated green manure, the microbial population increased dramatically when crop residues are incorporated in the soil which might be responsible for increased enzyme phosphatase and dehydrogenase activity, decrease in bulk density, increase in granulation and aggregation and thus infiltration rate. The incorporation of crop residues with or without green manuring found promising for the environmental friendly and effective utilization of the crop residues under prevailing rice wheat system in this area.

scholarly journals Integration of Allelopathic Crop Residues and NPK Fertilizer to Mitigate Residue-Phytotoxicity, Improve Soil Fertility and Wheat Growth under Different Moisture Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. FAROOQ ◽  
M. IQBAL ◽  
Z.A. ZAHIR ◽  
M. FAROOQ
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Npk Fertilizer

ABSTRACT: Phytotoxic effects of allelopathic crop residues are important to trickle for their use as a source of organic amendments to improve soil fertility. In present study, through pots and two year field studies, we examined the integrated effect of allelopathic residues and NPK fertilizer treatments including T0 (control), T1 (200-150-100 kg NPK ha 1), T2 (100-75-50 kg NPK ha-1 + mung bean straw 4 t ha-1), T3 (100-75-50 kg NPK ha-1 + rice straw 4 t ha-1), T4 (mung bean straw 8 t ha-1) and T5 (rice straw 8 t ha-1) under different water regimes on soil fertility and wheat crop. Solo application of mung bean residue and rice straw caused significant inhibition of various germination and growth traits of wheat while minimal inhibition occurred when allelopathic straws were integrated with NPK fertilizer both under laboratory and field conditions, especially under 14 days of alternate wet/dry cycles. Among fertilizer treatments, mung bean residue caused a greater increase in soil organic carbon, available nitrogen and available phosphorus, while there was maximum percent increase in available potassium with T1 (200-150-100 kg NPK ha-1). Maximum increase in grain yield (30% and 33%) was achieved with T2 (100-75-50 kg NPK ha-1 + mung bean straw 4 t ha-1) during 2014-15 and 2015-16, respectively. Integration of allelopathic crop residues with inorganic fertilizers and alternate wet/dry cycles can help to reduce the possible phytotoxic effect of allelopathic residues for sustainable wheat production.

EFFECTS OF CROP RESIDUES ON PRODUCTION OF BARLEY, BROMEGRASS AND ALFALFA IN THE GREENHOUSE AND OF BARLEY IN THE FIELD

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. WADDINGTON ◽  
K. E. BOWREN
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Rape Straw ◽  
Matter Production

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Conquest), bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss. cv. Magna), and alfalfa (Medicago media Pers. cv. Beaver) were grown together in a greenhouse in soil amended with ground straw or chaff. Additions of 8,970 kg/ha of rapeseed (Brassica napus L. cv. Target and B. campestris L. cv. Echo) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Manitou) straws reduced barley grain and straw production and bromegrass dry matter production at the first harvest. Alfalfa dry matter production at the first cut increased where wheat and Echo rape straws were incorporated in the soil, but not where Target rape straw was used. Subsequent harvests of bromegrass and alfalfa showed no effects that were consistent between two independent experiments. On Span rape stubble in the field, barley produced 3,600 kg/ha of grain where a rape swath had lain the previous fall, compared with a production of 3,300 kg/ha elsewhere. This difference was significant (P < 0.01) and correlated with a difference in soil nitrogen. A second experiment where 6,730 kg/ha of rape straw were incorporated in summer-fallowed soil containing 22 ppm of nitrogen in the top 61 cm, barley yields averaged 5,100 kg/ha and were not affected by the added straw. The results are interpreted as showing that rapeseed residues in Melfort silty clay loam are not more deleterious than wheat residues to subsequent crops and that the principal cause of yield reductions is a deficiency of available nitrogen in the soil caused by microbial activity on the crop residues.

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