Case Study: Applying a Regional Cge Model for Estimation of Indirect Economic Losses Due to Damaged Highway Bridges

This paper deals with state of the art risk and resilience calculations for industrial plants. Resilience is a top priority issue on the agenda of societies due to climate change and the all-time demand for human life safety and financial robustness. Industrial plants are highly complex systems containing a considerable number of equipment such as steel storage tanks, pipe rack-piping systems, and other installations. Loss Of Containment (LOC) scenarios triggered by past earthquakes due to failure on critical components were followed by severe repercussions on the community, long recovery times and great economic losses. Hence, facility planners and emergency managers should be aware of possible seismic damages and should have already established recovery plans to maximize the resilience and minimize the losses. Seismic risk assessment is the first step of resilience calculations, as it establishes possible damage scenarios. In order to have an accurate risk analysis, the plant equipment vulnerability must be assessed; this is made feasible either from fragility databases in the literature that refer to customized equipment or through numerical calculations. Two different approaches to fragility assessment will be discussed in this paper: (i) code-based Fragility Curves (FCs); and (ii) fragility curves based on numerical models. A carbon black process plant is used as a case study in order to display the influence of various fragility curve realizations taking their effects on risk and resilience calculations into account. Additionally, a new way of representing the total resilience of industrial installations is proposed. More precisely, all possible scenarios will be endowed with their weighted recovery curves (according to their probability of occurrence) and summed together. The result is a concise graph that can help stakeholders to identify critical plant equipment and make decisions on seismic mitigation strategies for plant safety and efficiency. Finally, possible mitigation strategies, like structural health monitoring and metamaterial-based seismic shields are addressed, in order to show how future developments may enhance plant resilience. The work presented hereafter represents a highly condensed application of the research done during the XP-RESILIENCE project, while more detailed information is available on the project website https://r.unitn.it/en/dicam/xp-resilience.

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Empirical Analysis on Economic Losses of Urban River Pollution-A Case Study of Changzhou City of Jiangsu Province

Energy Procedia ◽

10.1016/j.egypro.2011.03.346 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 2010-2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shi Zhen ◽

Na Xiaohong ◽

Wu Min

Keyword(s):

Empirical Analysis ◽

River Pollution ◽

Urban River ◽

Jiangsu Province ◽

Economic Losses

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Remote Monitoring of Highway Bridges with RADARSAT-2 Satellite: Validation Case Study on Jacques Cartier and Victoria Bridges in Montreal, Canada

Advances in Remote Sensing for Infrastructure Monitoring - Springer Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-59109-0_7 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 159-182

Author(s):

Daniel Cusson ◽

Istemi Ozkan ◽

Fernando Greene Gondi ◽

Jayson Eppler

Keyword(s):

Remote Monitoring ◽

Highway Bridges ◽

Satellite Validation

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Geomatic-Based Flood Loss Assessment and Its Application in an Eastern City of China

Water ◽

10.3390/w14010126 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 126

Author(s):

Youjie Jin ◽

Jianyun Zhang ◽

Na Liu ◽

Chenxi Li ◽

Guoqing Wang

Keyword(s):

Spatial Resolution ◽

Loss Rate ◽

Flash Flood ◽

Economic Loss ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Risk Level ◽

Loss Assessment ◽

Flood Loss ◽

Flood Disasters

Flash-flood disasters pose a serious threat to lives and property. To meet the increasing demand for refined and rapid assessment on flood loss, this study exploits geomatic technology to integrate multi-source heterogeneous data and put forward the comprehensive risk index (CRI) calculation with the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE). Based on mathematical correlations between CRIs and actual losses of flood disasters in Weifang City, the direct economic loss rate (DELR) model and the agricultural economic loss rate (AELR) model were developed. The case study shows that the CRI system can accurately reflect the risk level of a flash-flood disaster. Both models are capable of simulating disaster impacts. The results are generally consistent with actual impacts. The quantified economic losses generated from simulation are close to actual losses. The spatial resolution is up to 100 × 100 m. This study provides a loss assessment method with high temporal and spatial resolution, which can quickly assess the loss of rainstorm and flood disasters. The method proposed in this paper, coupled with a case study, provides a reliable reference to loss assessment on flash floods caused disasters and will be helpful to the existing literature.

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Study on Seismic Reliability of UHVDC Transmission Systems

Shock and Vibration ◽

10.1155/2019/4131609 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kun Yao ◽

Jiang Qian

Keyword(s):

Electrical Equipment ◽

Transmission System ◽

Electric Power System ◽

Assessment Model ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Seismic Reliability ◽

High Voltage Direct Current ◽

Design Requirements ◽

State Enumeration

Electric power system is critical to maintain the welfare of the general public with impact on economic losses and other cascading. In this paper, the seismic reliability of the ultra-high-voltage direct current (UHVDC) transmission system was evaluated from a perspective of the subsystem fault logic. An assessment model of system seismic reliability was proposed based on the state enumeration method. A case study was presented by taking a typical 800 kV UHVDC transmission system as the example. The finite element models of major components in the UHVDC transmission system were established to evaluate their seismic reliability. The results reveal that though the seismic reliability of major components seems satisfactory overall, the UHVDC transmission system may still suffer from seismic hazards to a certain degree due to the complexity of the full system. This calls for a further enhancement in seismic design requirements of the electrical equipment.

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Use of avoidance behaviours to reduce the economic impacts of the EU Landing Obligation: the case study of a mixed trawl fishery

ICES Journal of Marine Science ◽

10.1093/icesjms/fsz032 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 76 (6) ◽

pp. 1554-1566

Author(s):

Fabien Pointin ◽

Fabienne Daurès ◽

Marie-Joëlle Rochet

Keyword(s):

Temporal Distribution ◽

Grid Method ◽

Fishing Effort ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Otter Trawl ◽

Trawl Fishery ◽

Nested Grid ◽

Fishing Practices ◽

The Eu

Abstract The EU Landing Obligation (LO) is designed to reduce bycatch (i.e. unwanted catch) through more selective fishing practices, such as avoidance behaviours which consist in allocating fishing effort to other species, fishing grounds or seasons. Incentives for fishers to change their behaviours depend on their economic performances as well as their ability to avoid bycatch. Changes in economic performances under the LO are evaluated based on cost and revenue equations. The nested grid method is then used to explore the spatial and temporal distribution of landings and discards, and to suggest alternative effort allocation to avoid bycatch. This article is focussed specifically on the French otter trawl fishery in the eastern English Channel and southern North Sea. Results suggest that under the LO the choke species problem will curtail fishing activities earlier in the year, leading to significant economic losses. In the absence of significant quota top-ups (at least 75%), a change in fishing practices consisting in reducing overall bycatch by 30% is insufficient to reduce losses. With a particular attention to choke species, more economically efficient avoidance strategies can be found thanks to the nested grid method.

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