Explorations of Individual Change Processes and Their Determinants: A Novel Approach and Remaining Challenges

This chapter offers a counterpoint to increasingly complex computational models of evolutionary change processes at higher levels of analysis. It explores the value of internal VSR (Variation-Selection-Retention) models as practical tools for managers. Individual change agents may actively and deliberately influence each of the three core internal processes and their balance and connect them with external VSR processes. Individuals may shape the organization’s current and potential future contexts beyond mere external adaptation to creation of novel future states. Broadening traditional assumptions of top-down rational decision-making, we include the potential of human imagination, and emotions of individuals and groups as engines of change as improvements to existing internal VSR models. A normative theory of internal VSR processes offers a practical tool for day-to-day operations of agents interested in understanding and affecting organization change. We encourage academics to bring renewed enthusiasm to teaching internal VSR models of change to practicing managers.

Download Full-text

Is There a Downside of Job Accommodations? Problems and Conflicts During Individual Change Processes

Academy of Management Proceedings ◽

10.5465/ambpp.2015.14152abstract ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 (1) ◽

pp. 14152

Author(s):

Julia Maria Kensbock ◽

Kirill Bourovoi

Keyword(s):

Change Processes ◽

Individual Change

Download Full-text

Exploring desirable nature futures for National Park Hollandse Duinen

10.22541/au.162792252.23771630/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jan Kuiper ◽

Dianneke van Wijk ◽

Wolf M. Mooij ◽

Roy P. Remme ◽

Garry D. Peterson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Task Force ◽

Analytical Framework ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Change Processes ◽

Potential Contribution ◽

Participatory Workshop ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Key Stakeholders ◽

Sustainable Futures

Achieving global sustainability goals requires most people and societies to fundamentally alter their relationship with nature. New approaches are called for to guide change processes towards sustainable futures that embrace the plurality of people’s perspectives on nature. This paper presents a novel approach to exploring desirable futures for nature and people that was developed through an application in National Park Hollandse Duinen in the Netherlands. This new national park is developed bottom-up by a diverse group of actors reshaping their interactions with each other and with nature. Our approach, co-designed with key stakeholders of the national park, engages with a new pluralistic framework for nature values presented by the IPBES task force on scenarios and models to catalyze the development of nature-centered scenarios. We integrated this Nature Futures Framework with the Three Horizons Framework in a participatory workshop process designed to bring people’s diverse relationships with nature to the fore, and jointly envision desirable futures and the pathways to get there. An analytical framework is used to analyze and compare the visions and assess their potential contribution to the SDGs. We summarize the results of the application in National Park Hollandse Duinen and reflect on lessons learned. We see much potential for this values-based futures approach to support change processes in various social-ecological contexts toward more sustainable futures for nature and people.

Download Full-text

Play: A Definition and Implied Interrelationships with Culture and Sport

Journal of Sport Psychology ◽

10.1123/jsp.2.1.46 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 46-61

Author(s):

Janet C. Harris

Keyword(s):

Information Seeking ◽

Goal Attainment ◽

Behavioral Flexibility ◽

Information Seeking Behavior ◽

Change Processes ◽

Individual Change ◽

New Techniques ◽

Seeking Behavior ◽

Dialectical Relationship ◽

High Level

Play is discussed as information-seeking behavior which is accompanied by a subjective, cognitive perspective involving relatively weak commitment to the ‘attainment of goals. Individuals may shift back and forth along a continuum between relatively weak and relatively strong commitment to goal-attainment during almost any activity. The high level of freedom or behavioral flexibility which seems to occur during play is discussed with regard to its importance for cultural and individual change processes, with particular emphasis on an hypothesized dialectical relationship between play and the rest of culture. Too much play may lead to cultural instability, and too little play may lead to cultural stagnation. This relationship provides a useful framework for the consideration of play which occurs in sport situations. Playful behavior may be important for the development of new sports as well as for the development of new techniques and skills in existing sports. Removal of play from sport settings might result in rigid, stereotyped activities which would undergo little future change. Techniques which involve assessment of subjective aspects of individuals are suggested for the study of play in sport situations.

Download Full-text

Is There a Downside of Job Accommodations? An Employee Perspective on Individual Change Processes

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01536 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Julia M. Kensbock ◽

Stephan A. Boehm ◽

Kirill Bourovoi

Keyword(s):

Change Processes ◽

Individual Change ◽

Employee Perspective

Download Full-text

Exploring desirable nature futures for National Park Hollandse Duinen

10.22541/au.162792252.23771630/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jan Kuiper ◽

Dianneke van Wijk ◽

Wolf M. Mooij ◽

Roy P. Remme ◽

Garry D. Peterson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Task Force ◽

Analytical Framework ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Change Processes ◽

Potential Contribution ◽

Participatory Workshop ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Key Stakeholders ◽

Sustainable Futures

Achieving global sustainability goals requires most people and societies to fundamentally alter their relationship with nature. New approaches are called for to guide change processes towards sustainable futures that embrace the plurality of people’s perspectives on nature. This paper presents a novel approach to exploring desirable futures for nature and people that was developed through an application in National Park Hollandse Duinen in the Netherlands. This new national park is developed bottom-up by a diverse group of actors reshaping their interactions with each other and with nature. Our approach, co-designed with key stakeholders of the national park, engages with a new pluralistic framework for nature values presented by the IPBES task force on scenarios and models to catalyze the development of nature-centered scenarios. We integrated this Nature Futures Framework with the Three Horizons Framework in a participatory workshop process designed to bring people’s diverse relationships with nature to the fore, and jointly envision desirable futures and the pathways to get there. An analytical framework is used to analyze and compare the visions and assess their potential contribution to the SDGs. We summarize the results of the application in National Park Hollandse Duinen and reflect on lessons learned. We see much potential for this values-based futures approach to support change processes in various social-ecological contexts toward more sustainable futures for nature and people.

Download Full-text

Copper-dependent ATP7B up-regulation drives the resistance of TMEM16A-overexpressing head-and-neck cancer models to platinum toxicity

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bcj20190591 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 476 (24) ◽

pp. 3705-3719 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Avani Vyas ◽

Umamaheswar Duvvuri ◽

Kirill Kiselyov

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Transcriptional Activation ◽

Platinum Resistance ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Strong Positive Correlation ◽

Platinum Compounds ◽

Copper Chelation ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Cancer Models

Platinum-containing drugs such as cisplatin and carboplatin are routinely used for the treatment of many solid tumors including squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). However, SCCHN resistance to platinum compounds is well documented. The resistance to platinum has been linked to the activity of divalent transporter ATP7B, which pumps platinum from the cytoplasm into lysosomes, decreasing its concentration in the cytoplasm. Several cancer models show increased expression of ATP7B; however, the reason for such an increase is not known. Here we show a strong positive correlation between mRNA levels of TMEM16A and ATP7B in human SCCHN tumors. TMEM16A overexpression and depletion in SCCHN cell lines caused parallel changes in the ATP7B mRNA levels. The ATP7B increase in TMEM16A-overexpressing cells was reversed by suppression of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2), by the antioxidant N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC) and by copper chelation using cuprizone and bathocuproine sulphonate (BCS). Pretreatment with either chelator significantly increased cisplatin's sensitivity, particularly in the context of TMEM16A overexpression. We propose that increased oxidative stress in TMEM16A-overexpressing cells liberates the chelated copper in the cytoplasm, leading to the transcriptional activation of ATP7B expression. This, in turn, decreases the efficacy of platinum compounds by promoting their vesicular sequestration. We think that such a new explanation of the mechanism of SCCHN tumors’ platinum resistance identifies novel approach to treating these tumors.

Download Full-text

Collecting Words: A Clinical Example of a Morphology-Focused Orthographic Intervention

Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools ◽

10.1044/2020_lshss-19-00050 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 544-560 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Kimberly A. Murphy ◽

Emily A. Diehm

Keyword(s):

Written Language ◽

Morphological Knowledge ◽

English Orthography ◽

Word Level ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Language Pathology ◽

The One ◽

Critical Intervention ◽

Reading And Spelling ◽

Reading And Spelling Difficulties

Purpose Morphological interventions promote gains in morphological knowledge and in other oral and written language skills (e.g., phonological awareness, vocabulary, reading, and spelling), yet we have a limited understanding of critical intervention features. In this clinical focus article, we describe a relatively novel approach to teaching morphology that considers its role as the key organizing principle of English orthography. We also present a clinical example of such an intervention delivered during a summer camp at a university speech and hearing clinic. Method Graduate speech-language pathology students provided a 6-week morphology-focused orthographic intervention to children in first through fourth grade ( n = 10) who demonstrated word-level reading and spelling difficulties. The intervention focused children's attention on morphological families, teaching how morphology is interrelated with phonology and etymology in English orthography. Results Comparing pre- and posttest scores, children demonstrated improvement in reading and/or spelling abilities, with the largest gains observed in spelling affixes within polymorphemic words. Children and their caregivers reacted positively to the intervention. Therefore, data from the camp offer preliminary support for teaching morphology within the context of written words, and the intervention appears to be a feasible approach for simultaneously increasing morphological knowledge, reading, and spelling. Conclusion Children with word-level reading and spelling difficulties may benefit from a morphology-focused orthographic intervention, such as the one described here. Research on the approach is warranted, and clinicians are encouraged to explore its possible effectiveness in their practice. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12290687

Download Full-text