Type 2 diabetic patients have increased gluconeogenic efficiency to substrate availability, but intact autoregulation of endogenous glucose production

2005 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Toft ◽  
T. Jenssen
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Production ◽  
Endogenous Glucose Production ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Substrate Availability ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Endogenous Glucose ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals Protein Feeding Promotes Redistribution of Endogenous Glucose Production to the Kidney and Potentiates Its Suppression by Insulin

Endocrinology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 150 (2) ◽  
pp. 616-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Pillot ◽  
Maud Soty ◽  
Amandine Gautier-Stein ◽  
Carine Zitoun ◽  
Gilles Mithieux
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Glycogen Storage ◽  
Endogenous Glucose Production ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Protein Feeding ◽  
Endogenous Glucose

The aim of this study was to assess in rats the effect of protein feeding on the: 1) distribution of endogenous glucose production (EGP) among gluconeogenic organs, and 2) repercussion on the insulin sensitivity of glucose metabolism. We used gene expression analyses, a combination of glucose tracer dilution and arteriovenous balance to quantify specific organ release, and hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamps to assess EGP and glucose uptake. Protein feeding promoted a dramatic induction of the main regulatory gluconeogenic genes (glucose-6 phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase) in the kidney, but not in the liver. As a consequence, the kidney glucose release was markedly increased, compared with rats fed a normal starch diet. Protein feeding ameliorated the suppression of EGP by insulin and the sparing of glycogen storage in the liver but had no effect on glucose uptake. Combined with the previously reported induction of gluconeogenesis in the small intestine, the present work strongly suggests that a redistribution of glucose production among gluconeogenic organs might occur upon protein feeding. This phenomenon is in keeping with the improvement of insulin sensitivity of EGP, most likely involving the hepatic site. These data shed a new light on the improvement of glucose tolerance, previously observed upon increasing the amount of protein in the diet, in type 2 diabetic patients. Protein feeding increases kidney gluconeogenesis without increasing global endogenous glucose production, and improves insulin suppression of the latter, likely at the hepatic site.

scholarly journals Study the Impact of Glucose-6-phosphatase Activity in Type 2 Diabetic Patients and Non Diabetic Counterparts

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa H. Jawad ◽  
Ammal E. Ibrahim ◽  
Raghda Alsayed ◽  
Zainab Salih Hallab ◽  
Zyad Al-Qaisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Endogenous Glucose Production ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
The Impact

Glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), an enzyme found mostly in the kidneys and the liver, acting significant role of supplying glucose through starvation. This study includes (84) subjects, their age ranged from (40 to 54) years. (20) subjects were healthy chosen as control group and (64) patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into three groups according to their type of anti diabetic therapy : (23) newly diagnosed group without therapy (Group1), (20) with metformin therapy (Group2) and (21) with metformin plus glibenclamide therapies( Group3). The study found that G-6-Pase activity is increased, thereby leading to an increase in endogenous glucose production (EGP) in patients with type 2 diabetes and, therefore FPG will increase. The result found that increasing G-6-Pase activity will increase the concentration of glucose in the blood and that will increase the long-term glycemic control (HbA1c%).

Glucagon dose-response curve for hepatic glucose production and glucose disposal in type 2 diabetic patients and normal individuals

Metabolism ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 1111-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masafumi Matsuda ◽  
Ralph A. DeFronzo ◽  
Leonard Glass ◽  
Agostino Consoli ◽  
Mauro Giordano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Curve ◽  
Hepatic Glucose Production ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Glucose Disposal ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Hepatic Glucose ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Vitamin D3 supplementation improves glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients: Results from an Italian clinical trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Derosa ◽  
Angela D’Angelo ◽  
Chiara Martinotti ◽  
Maria Chiara Valentino ◽  
Sergio Di Matteo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Abstract. Background: to evaluate the effects of Vitamin D3 on glyco-metabolic control in type 2 diabetic patients with Vitamin D deficiency. Methods: one hundred and seventeen patients were randomized to placebo and 122 patients to Vitamin D3. We evaluated anthropometric parameters, glyco-metabolic control, and parathormone (PTH) value at baseline, after 3, and 6 months. Results: a significant reduction of fasting, and post-prandial glucose was recorded in Vitamin D3 group after 6 months. A significant HbA1c decrease was observed in Vitamin D3 (from 7.6% or 60 mmol/mol to 7.1% or 54 mmol) at 6 months compared to baseline, and to placebo (p < 0.05 for both). At the end of the study period, we noticed a change in the amount in doses of oral or subcutaneous hypoglycemic agents and insulin, respectively. The use of metformin, acarbose, and pioglitazone was significantly lower (p = 0.037, p = 0.048, and p = 0.042, respectively) than at the beginning of the study in the Vitamin D3 therapy group. The units of Lispro, Aspart, and Glargine insulin were lower in the Vitamin D3 group at the end of the study (p = 0.031, p = 0.037, and p = 0.035, respectively) than in the placebo group. Conclusions: in type 2 diabetic patients with Vitamin D deficiency, the restoration of value in the Vitamin D standard has led not only to an improvement in the glyco-metabolic compensation, but also to a reduced posology of some oral hypoglycemic agents and some types of insulin used.

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