A note on effectiveness of dry cow therapy in New Zealand dairy herds

1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 50-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W. Pankey ◽  
R.M. Barker ◽  
A. Twomey ◽  
G. Duirs
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy

Relationship between central performance test for growth in Hereford bulls and growth and carcass traits of progeny

1984 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Baker ◽  
B. W. Wickham ◽  
C. A. Morris
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Low Performance ◽  
Almost All

ABSTRACTFour central performance tests of growth in Hereford bulls from about 10 to 19 months of age on pasture were conducted in New Zealand. From the 100 bulls performance tested 63 were representatively sampled, including bulls with high and low performance test rankings, and progeny tested in dairy herds. Crossbred progeny were purchased from the dairy herds at 3 to 4 months of age, assembled in one location and reared together on pasture for 14 to 15 months prior to slaughter. Regressions of progeny growth and carcass traits on a number of different performance traits for growth of their sires were in almost all cases not statistically significant. The effective heritability, from offspring-sire regression, was 0·07 (s.e. 0·05) for final live weight and 009 (s.e. 0·06) for post weaning gain from about 200 to 550 days of age. It is concluded that central performance tests, as presently conducted in New Zealand, are of limited value for ranking breeding values of bulls for growth. Possible reasons for these results are discussed. It is suggested that pre-test environmental effects and age at the start of the central test are critical factors.

scholarly journals The Genetic Relatedness and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Mastitis-Causing Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from New Zealand Dairy Cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Sabrina S. Greening ◽  
Ji Zhang ◽  
Anne C. Midwinter ◽  
David A. Wilkinson ◽  
Scott McDougall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Antimicrobial Usage ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the leading causes of bovine mastitis worldwide and is a common indication for use of antimicrobials on dairy farms. This study aims to investigate the association between on-farm antimicrobial usage and the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of mastitis-causing S. aureus. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on 57 S. aureus isolates derived from cows with either clinical or subclinical mastitis from 17 dairy herds in New Zealand. The genetic relatedness between isolates was examined using the core single nucleotide polymorphism alignment whilst AMR and virulence genes were identified in-silico. The association between gene presence-absence and sequence type (ST), antimicrobial susceptibility and dry cow therapy treatment was investigated using Scoary. Altogether, eight STs were identified with 61.4% (35/57) belonging to ST-1. Furthermore, 14 AMR-associated genes and 76 virulence-associated genes were identified, with little genetic diversity between isolates belonging to the same ST. Several genes including merR1 which is thought to play a role in ciprofloxacin-resistance were found to be significantly overrepresented in isolates sampled from herds using ampicillin/cloxacillin dry cow therapy. Overall, the presence of resistance genes remains low and current antimicrobial usage patterns do not appear to be driving AMR in S. aureus associated with bovine mastitis.

Selective and deferred treatment of clinical mastitis in seven New Zealand dairy herds

2020 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 104915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Bates ◽  
Richard Laven ◽  
Olaf Bork ◽  
Merlyn Hay ◽  
Jess McDowell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Deferred Treatment

Dry cow environment management and mastitis control in dairy herds

Livestock ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 210-215
Author(s):  
James Breen
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Environment Management ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy ◽  
Mastitis Control

Advice regarding the management and importance of the dry cow environment can be difficult to offer in many dairy herds for several reasons. These may include a perception that dry cow therapy (both internal teat sealant and antibiotic) is extremely effective at preventing infection, a lack of milk recording and/or mastitis data to enable analysis of mastitis epidemiology, suboptimal housing, a fundamental lack of focus on the dry period in favour of continued focus on milking hygiene and lactating cow management, or a combination of several of these reasons. However, for many herds that struggle to control mastitis, improving the dry cow environment will pay huge dividends in terms of reducing dry period new infection and improving apparent dry period cure rate. This article sets out those areas of dry cow environment management which appear particularly important for herds and their veterinary advisors to consider, and gives examples of improved control of mastitis following dry cow interventions for a spring calving, autumn calving and all year round calving herd.

Antimicrobial-based dry cow therapy approaches for cure and prevention of intramammary infections: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Afifi ◽  
Fidèle Kabera ◽  
Henrik Stryhn ◽  
Jean-Philippe Roy ◽  
Luke C. Heider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
Intramammary Infections ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy ◽  
Mastitis Control

AbstractIn dairy herds, application of antimicrobials at drying-off is a common mastitis control measure. This article describes a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis to address three crucial points regarding antimicrobial usage at drying-off: (1) comparative efficacy of antimicrobials used for preventing new and eliminating existing intramammary infections (IMI); (2) comparison of selective and blanket dry cow therapy approaches in preventing new and eliminating existing IMI; and (3) assessment of the extra prevention against new IMI that can be gained from using antimicrobial-teat sealant combinations versus antimicrobials alone. Five PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome) questions were formulated to cover the three objectives of the review. Medline, CAB Abstracts, Web of Science, and conference proceedings will be searched along with iterative screening of references. Articles will be eligible if: (1) published after 1966; (2) written in English or French; and (3) reporting field clinical trials and observational studies, conducted on dairy cows at drying-off, with at least one antimicrobial-treated group and one IMI-related outcome. Authors will independently assess the relevance of titles and abstracts, extract data, and assess bias and the overall quality of evidence. Results will be synthesized and analyzed using pairwise and network meta-analysis. The proposed study will significantly update previously conducted reviews.

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