FRICTION FACTOR IN STATIC MIXER AND DETERMINATION OF GEOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF SMX SULZER MIXERS

1999 ◽  
Vol 171 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. MORANCAIS ◽  
K. HIRECH ◽  
G. CARNELLE ◽  
J. LEGRAND
Keyword(s):  
Friction Factor ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Static Mixer

Determination of Incompressible Flow Friction in Smooth Circular and Noncircular Passages: A Generalized Approach Including Validation of the Nearly Century Old Hydraulic Diameter Concept

1988 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. T. Obot
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Friction Factor ◽  
Critical Reynolds Number ◽  
Pressure Coefficient ◽  
Hydraulic Diameter ◽  
Length Scale ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Friction Method ◽  
Reduced Data

It has been demonstrated conclusively that the widely observed differences in data for frictional pressure coefficient between circular and noncircular passages derive from the inseparably connected effects of transition and the choice of a length scale. A relatively simple approach, the critical friction method (CFM), has been developed and when applied to triangular, rectangular, and concentric annular passages, the reduced data lie with remarkable consistency on the circular tube relations. In accordance with the theory of dynamical similarity, it has also been shown that noncircular duct data can be reduced using the hydraulic diameter or any arbitrarily defined length scale. The proposed method is what is needed to reconcile such data with those for circular tubes. With the hydraulic diameter, the critical friction factor almost converges to a universal value for all passages and the correction is simply that required to account for the difference in critical Reynolds number. By contrast, with any other linear parameter, two corrections are needed to compensate for variations in critical friction factor and Reynolds number. Application of the method to roughened passages is discussed.

Multifrequency optimization method of measurement the frequency dependency of electrophysical parameters of dielectric and magnetodielectric coatings

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Aleksandr I. Kaz'min
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Dependence ◽  
Radio Wave ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Metal Substrate ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Microwave Range ◽  
Electrodynamic Modeling ◽  
Wave Methods ◽  
Electrophysical Parameters

The issues of experimental determination of electrodynamic parameters of existing and new synthesized materials and coatings used in the microwave range are highlighted. Problems arising from measurements of the electrophysical and geometric parameters of dielectric and magnetodielectric coatings, taking into account their placement on a metal substrate, by radio wave methods are considered. We present the new radio wave method of joint measurements of the frequency dependence of the complex permittivity, the frequency dependence of the complex magnetic permeability, and the thickness of plane-layered samples of dielectric and magnetodielectric coatings on a metal substrate. Determination of electrophysical and geometric parameters of the coating in the proposed method is reduced to minimizing the objective function constructed based on the discrepancy between the experimental and design theoretical values of the attenuation coefficients of surface electromagnetic wave fields on a grid of discrete frequencies. The simulation model of measurements is shown, implemented on the basis of the electrodynamic modeling system CST Microwave studio (Simulia corporation, USA) and the Matlab system. The results of simulation are presented to determine the frequency dependences of the electrophysical parameters and the thickness of a sample of a radio-absorbing coating on a metal substrate. Errors in the estimates of permittivity and permeability in the measurement frequency band 9–13.5 GHz, which are no more than 10 % with a confidence level of 0.95 with a mean square deviation of the noise level of 0.006, have been obtained. The proposed method can be in demand in various science-intensive areas – microelectronic, aerospace, mechanical engineering, etc.

Intellectual Measuring Complex for Control of Geometrical Parameters of Aviation Details

2020 ◽  
pp. 352-371
Author(s):  
Mariia Kataieva ◽  
Alina Yurchuk
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Measurement Error ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Measurement Process ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Measuring Complex ◽  
Graphic Depiction

This chapter proposes a new automated method of measuring complex three-dimensional surfaces of aircraft parts in static and dynamic modes. The method allows conducting measurements in closed conditions and at the site of the aircraft disposition. The method consists in the continuous determination of the coordinates of the points of the surface of the detail and their representation in a three-dimensional graphic depiction. New methods of measuring the geometric parameters of parts with the complex spatial surface are suggested. This opens the prospect for the development of new ways of measuring geometric parameters of parts in real-time with high metrological characteristics and computer simulation of the measurement process. The differential-digital method is based on the suggested zero-coordinate principle of the measurement process which involves simultaneous parts availability check, and connects measurement result obtained which provided a reduction in the order of measurement error.

Geometric Indicators of Flexible Slice Lip

2015 ◽  
Vol 816 ◽  
pp. 188-194
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Talaśka ◽  
Ireneusz Malujda ◽  
Dominik Wilczyński ◽  
Jan Górecki ◽  
Paweł Tarkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress State ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Geometric Features ◽  
Maximum Deflection ◽  
Paper Making ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Flexibility

The paper is thematically connected with paper making machines. This type of the machine is equipped with a head which has a flexible slice lip for skimming the pulp applied to produce the paper. The definition of geometric features of the slice lip is a key issue. The slice lip should be made of material which is resistant to external factors, and designers want to obtain a high flexibility of this element. It is possible to get a high flexibility by forming a proper shape of the slice lip. The paper presents the proposal of dimensionless geometric indicators which combine basic geometric parameters of the slice lip. These indicators are the following: indicator of the cross-section, indicator of the length and indicator of the length of the transverse notch. FEM strength analyses were done – the aim of these analyses was the determination of the stress state and maximum deflection of the slice lip. The authors have analysed the slice lip with holes for mounting the actuators and the slice lip and with transverse notches for increasing its flexibility. The results were presented in the form of graphs.

Analysis of the Pressure Drop of the Horizontal Liquid-Solid Circulation Fluidization Bed with Kenics Static Mixers

2013 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 791-794
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Shao Feng Zhang ◽  
Jiang Tao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Friction Factor ◽  
Static Mixer ◽  
Experiment Data ◽  
Dimensionless Parameters ◽  
Static Mixers ◽  
Dimensionless Pressure ◽  
Dimension Analysis

In order to obtain the pressure drop of the horizontal liquid-solid circulation fluidization bed with Kenics static mixers, experiments were carried out in four Kenics static mixers with different aspect ratio of mixing element(AR) over a range of 30000 to 51000 to get pressure drop data. Dimension analysis revealed that the pressure drop characteristic of the Kenics static mixer can be described by three dimensionless parameters, such as the friction factor, Reynolds number, and aspect ratio of mixing element. According to the experiment data, a new dimensionless pressure drop correlation was developed. The results indicate that the value of Cf becomes constant and has no correlation with the value of Re in fixed AR. The value of Cf was increased with the increase of AR.

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