Research on Numerical Simulation and Optimization of SCR Flow Field of 200MW Coal-Fired Unit

In this paper, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Flow Model Test are applied to study the flow field of 200MW coal fired power plant, then the optimization program is proposed. Firstly, this paper summarizes some essential design points for SCR reactor system with different structures and different characteristic. Then, the initial flow field of the SCR reactor was simulated to find the defect by the Fluent. Then, optimize the flow fields of velocity of SCR system by adding splitters. In order to improve the mixing degree of flue gas and ammonia, Ammonia Injector Grids (AIG) was designed on the basis of the structure of SCR reactor. Considering the pressure loss and installation space were within allowed limits, a new static mixer was designed to optimize the flow fields of concentration. Through the shift of size, angle and altitude of the static mixer, this paper got a best design project. The research results can provide theoretical support and engineering guidance for the transformation and optimization of the new SCR denitration engineering reaction system.

A mini-module with embedded spacers for high-throughput ultrafiltration

Ultrafiltration membrane modules suffer from performance losses that arise during filtration from concentration polarization and fouling. Such performance losses are frequently mitigated by controlling the hydrodynamic conditions at the membrane/fluid interface. For instance, the hydrodynamic conditions are manipulated using mesh spacers that act as a static mixer. The design of such spacers is rarely optimized to effectively maintain mass transport through the membrane. Also, the spacer is an additional part added to the feed channel of the membrane module, improving mass transport in general, yet accepting less transport in dead zones.Here, we present a mini module with spacers embedded in the module housing of a flat-sheet ultrafiltration membrane to attain high permeation rates. The performance of two new embedded spacer geometries – staggered herringbone and sinusoidal corrugation – prove experimentally that indeed a CFD-simulated flux increase can be realized during bovine serum albumin (BSA) filtration. The flow characteristics inside the mini module are further investigated using magnetic resonance velocity imaging. The new embedded sinusoidal corrugation spacers outper- form conventional mesh spacer inlays. The fabrication of such module-embedded spacers has been conceptually implemented through an in-silico design and a 3D-printing production process. The latter can be easily realized using injection molding processes, as is now done for the Sartorius ambra(R) crossflow product line.

Spraying and Mixing Characteristics of Urea in a Static Mixer Applied Marine SCR System

The most effective de-NOx technology in marine diesel applications is the urea-based selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system. The urea-SCR system works by injecting a urea solution into exhaust gas and converting this to NH3 and CO2. The injection, mixing, and NH3 conversion reaction behavior of the urea-water solution all have a decisive effect on the performance of the system. To improve de-NOx efficiency, it is important to provide enough time and distance for NH3 conversion and uniform distribution prior to the solution entering the catalyst. In this study, therefore, the characteristics of gas flow, NH3 conversion, and its distribution are investigated with a static mixer by means of numerical methods, providing a special advantage to ship manufacturing companies through the optimization of the urea-SCR system. The results show that the inclusion of the mixer induces strong turbulence and promotes the NH3 conversion reaction across a wider region compared to the case without the mixer. The mean temperature is 10 °C lower due to the activated endothermic urea-NH3 conversion reaction and the NH3 concentration is 80 PPM higher at 1D than those without the mixer. Moreover, the uniformity of NH3 distribution improved by 25% with the mixer, meaning that the de-NOx reaction can take place across all aspects of the catalyst thus maximizing performance. In other words, ship manufacturing companies have degrees of freedom in designing post-processing solutions for emissions by minimizing the use of the reduction agent or the size of the SCR system.

Research for a Non-Standard Kenics Static Mixer with an Eccentricity Factor

The Kenics static mixer is one of the most widely studied static mixers, whose structure–function relationship has been studied by varying its aspect ratio and modifying the surface. However, the effect of the symmetric structure of the Kenics static mixer itself on twisting the fluid has been neglected. In order to study how the symmetrical structure of the Kenics static mixer impacts the fluid flow, we changed the center position of elements at twist angle 90° and introduced the eccentricity factor γ. We applied LHS-PLS to study this non-standard Kenics static mixer and obtained the statistical correlations of the aspect ratio, Reynolds number, and eccentricity factor on relative Nusselt number and relative friction factor. We analyzed the results by comparing the PLS model with the univariate analysis, and it was found that the underlying logic of the Kenics static mixer with an asymmetric structure became different. In addition, a non-standard Kenics static mixer with an asymmetric structure was investigated using vortex generation and dissipation through fluid flow simulation. The results demonstrated that the classical symmetric structure has a minor pressure drop, but the backward eccentric one has a higher thermal-hydraulic performance factor. It was found that the nature of the eccentric structure is that two elements with different aspect ratios are being combined at θ=90°, and this articulation leads to non-standard Kenics static mixers with different underlying logic, which finally result in the differences between the PLS model and the univariate analysis.