Estimation of nuclear power plants influence on the Baltic Sea thermal state by using infrared thermal satellite data

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 2479-2496 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Gorny ◽  
S. G. Kritsuk ◽  
I. Sh. Latypov ◽  
A. A. Tronin ◽  
B. V. Shilin
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Thermal State ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic

Detection of an unknown emission source in the Baltic Sea using the new oceanographic tracer U-233/U-236

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Hain ◽  
Ala Aldahan ◽  
Mats Eriksson ◽  
Robin Golser ◽  
Gideon M. Henderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Nuclear Weapons ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Global Fallout ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Chemical Fractionation ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Nuclear Power Production

<p><span>By analysing the two long-lived anthropogenic Uranium (U) isotopes U-233 and U-236 in different compartments </span><span>of the environment affected by releases of nuclear power production or by global fallout from nuclear weapons tests</span><span>, we showed that the corresponding isotopic ratios U-233/U-236</span><span> differ by one order of magnitude. Based on these experimental results which were obtained with the ultra-sensitive detection method Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, we suggested a representative ratio for nuclear weapons fallout of </span><span>U-233/U-236</span><span> =</span><span> (1.40 ± 0.15) ·10</span><sup><span>-2</span></sup><span> and (0.12 ± 0.01) ·10</span><sup><span>-2</span></sup><span> for releases from nuclear power production. Consequently, the </span><span>U-233/U-236</span><span> ratio not only </span><span>has the potential to become a novel sensitive fingerprint for releases from nuclear industry, but could also serve as a powerful oceanographic tracer due to the conservative behaviour of U in ocean water which does not suffer from chemical fractionation. </span></p><p><span>As a first application of this paired tracer, we studied the distribution of U-233 and U-236 concentrations in addition to I-129 in the Baltic Sea which is known to have received inputs of radionuclides from various contamination sources including the two European reprocessing plants, global fallout from weapons testings and fallout from the Chernobyl accident. Our data indicate an additional unidentified source of reactor U-236 in the Baltic Sea demonstrating the high sensitivity of the U-233/U-236 ratio to distinguish different emission sources in water mixing processes.</span></p>

scholarly journals Chlorophyll-a Variability during Upwelling Events in the South-Eastern Baltic Sea and in the Curonian Lagoon from Satellite Observations

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 3661
Author(s):  
Toma Dabuleviciene ◽  
Diana Vaiciute ◽  
Igor E. Kozlov
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Coastal Upwelling ◽  
Curonian Lagoon ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Eastern Baltic

Based on the analysis of multispectral satellite data, this work demonstrates the influence of coastal upwelling on the variability of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration in the south-eastern Baltic (SEB) Sea and in the Curonian Lagoon. The analysis of sea surface temperature (SST) data acquired by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard Aqua/Terra satellites, together with Chl-a maps from Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) onboard Envisat, shows a significant decrease of up to 40–50% in Chl-a concentration in the upwelling zone. This results from the offshore Ekman transport of more productive surface waters, which are replaced by cold and less-productive waters from deeper layers. Due to an active interaction between the Baltic Sea and the Curonian Lagoon which are connected through the Klaipeda Strait, coastal upwelling in the SEB also influences the hydrobiological conditions of the adjacent lagoon. During upwelling inflows, SST drops by approximately 2–8 °C, while Chl-a concentration becomes 2–4 times lower than in pre-upwelling conditions. The joint analysis of remotely sensed Chl-a and SST data reveals that the upwelling-driven reduction in Chl-a concentration leads to the temporary improvement of water quality in terms of Chl-a in the coastal zone and in the hyper-eutrophic Curonian Lagoon. This study demonstrates the benefits of multi-spectral satellite data for upscaling coastal processes and monitoring the environmental status of the Baltic Sea and its largest estuarine lagoon.

scholarly journals The Use of Satellite Data in the Operational 3D Coupled Ecosystem Model of the Baltic Sea (3D Cembs)

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Nowicki ◽  
Maciej Janecki ◽  
Mirosław Darecki ◽  
Piotr Piotrowski ◽  
Lidia Dzierzbicka-Głowacka
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Automatic Monitoring ◽  
Ecosystem Model ◽  
Operational Mode ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Automatic Monitoring System ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Baltic

Abstract The objective of this paper is to present an automatic monitoring system for the 3D CEMBS model in the operational version. This predictive, eco hydrodynamic model is used as a tool to control the conditions and bio productivity of the Baltic sea environment and to forecast physical and ecological changes in the studied basin. Satellite-measured data assimilation is used to constrain the model and achieve higher accuracy of its results. 3D CEMBS is a version of the Community Earth System Model, adapted for the Baltic Sea. It consists of coupled ocean and ice models, working in active mode together with the ecosystem module. Atmospheric forecast from the UM model (Interdisciplinary Centre for Mathematical and Computational Modelling of the Warsaw University) are used as a forcing fields feed through atmospheric data model. In addition, river inflow of freshwater and nutrient deposition from 71 main rivers is processed by land model. At present, satellite data from AQUA MODIS, processed by the SatBałtyk project Operational System are used for the assimilation of sea surface temperature and chlorophyll a concentration. In the operational mode, 48-hour forecasts are produced at six-hour intervals, providing a wide range of hydrodynamic and biochemical parameters.

scholarly journals Characterization of OMI tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub> over the Baltic Sea region

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 2021-2042 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Ialongo ◽  
J. Hakkarainen ◽  
N. Hyttinen ◽  
J.-P. Jalkanen ◽  
L. Johansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
Tropospheric No2 ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Sea Area ◽  
The City

Abstract. Satellite-based data are very important for air quality applications in the Baltic Sea area, because they provide information on air pollution over sea and there where ground-based network and aircraft measurements are not available. Both the emissions from urban sites over land and ships over sea, contribute to the tropospheric NO2 levels. The tropospheric NO2 monitoring at high latitudes using satellite data is challenging because of the reduced light hours in winter and the snow-covered surface, which make the retrieval complex, and because of the reduced signal due to low Sun. This work presents a detailed characterization of the tropospheric NO2 columns focused on part of the Baltic Sea region using the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) tropospheric NO2 standard product. Previous works have focused on larger seas and lower latitudes. The results showed that, despite the regional area of interest, it is possible to distinguish the signal from the main coastal cities and from the ships by averaging the data over a seasonal time range. The summertime NO2 emission and lifetime values (E = (1.0 ± 0.1) × 1028 molec. and τ = (3.0 ± 0.5) h, respectively) in Helsinki were estimated from the decay of the signal with distance from the city center. The method developed for megacities was successfully applied to a smaller scale source, in both size and intensity (i.e., the city of Helsinki), which is located at high latitudes (∼60° N). The same methodology could be applied to similar scale cities elsewhere, as far as they are relatively isolated from other sources. The transport by the wind plays an important role in the Baltic Sea area. The NO2 spatial distribution is mainly determined by the contribution of strong westerly winds, which dominate the wind patterns during summer. The comparison between the emissions from model calculations and OMI NO2 tropospheric columns confirmed the applicability of satellite data for ship emission monitoring. In particular, both the emission data and the OMI observations showed similar year-to-year variability, with a drop in year 2009, corresponding to the effect of the economical crisis.

scholarly journals Using satellite data to estimate partial pressure of CO2in the Baltic Sea

2016 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 1002-1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaëlle Parard ◽  
Anastase Alexandre Charantonis ◽  
Anna Rutgersson
Keyword(s):  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic

scholarly journals Biomass and number of fish impinged at a nuclear power plant by the Baltic Sea

2013 ◽  
Vol 185 (12) ◽  
pp. 10073-10084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas C. Bryhn ◽  
Mikaela A. J. Bergenius ◽  
Peter H. Dimberg ◽  
Anders Adill
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic

scholarly journals Comparisons of Satellite and Modeled Surface Temperature and Chlorophyll Concentrations in the Baltic Sea with In Situ Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3049
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Stramska ◽  
Marta Konik ◽  
Paulina Aniskiewicz ◽  
Jaromir Jakacki ◽  
Miroslaw Darecki
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
In Situ Measurements ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Data Set ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Good Agreement

Among the most frequently used satellite data are surface chlorophyll concentration (Chl) and temperature (SST). These data can be degraded in some coastal areas, for example, in the Baltic Sea. Other popular sources of data are reanalysis models. Before satellite or model data can be used effectively, they should be extensively compared with in situ measurements. Herein, we present results of such comparisons. We used SST and Chl from model reanalysis and satellites, and in situ data measured at eight open Baltic Sea stations. The data cover time interval from 1 January 1998 to 31 December 2019, but some satellite data were not always available. Both the model and the satellite SST data had good agreement with in situ measurements. In contrast, satellite and model estimates of Chl concentrations presented large errors. Modeled Chl presented the lowest bias and the best correlation with in situ data from all Chl data sets evaluated. Chl estimates from a regionally tuned algorithm (SatBaltic) had smaller errors in comparison with other satellite data sets and good agreement with in situ data in summer. Statistics were not as good for the full data set. High uncertainties found in chlorophyll satellite algorithms for the Baltic Sea highlight the importance of continuous regional validation of such algorithms with in situ data.

scholarly journals Application of Zoo/plankton Indicators for Assessment of the Nuclear Power Plants Impact upon Cooling Pools

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-125
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Zooplankton Abundance ◽  
The Baltic

The article discusses the outcomes of the researches of zoo/plankton of various type nuclear power plants cooling pools located in different in terms of hyd ro g r aph ic c h a r ac t e r i s t ic s a nd z o opl a n k t on s t r uc t u re c at c h ment b a s i n s . I n Kop or ye B ay, a part of the Bay of Finland water area, discharge of warmed waters of Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant caused the decrease of plankton invertebrates’ quantitative indicators. In the Beloyarsk Nuclear Power Plant cooling pool warming in the most cases was favorable for the zooplankton abundance and biomass increase. In both researched reser voirs the warm water discharge resulted in the decrease of the total species number in the communities. The Neman River (the Baltic Nuclear Power Plant designed receiver for waste waters) in the period of the research was not affected by the nuclear plant impact. As a whole, for this water course water area ma ximal values of zooplankton abundance and biomass have been registered during spring periods while their decrease has been observed in summer and autumn. The most degree of trophity was noted near towns of Grodno, Kaunas, Yurbarkas and Neman.

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