scholarly journals The Use of Satellite Data in the Operational 3D Coupled Ecosystem Model of the Baltic Sea (3D Cembs)

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Nowicki ◽  
Maciej Janecki ◽  
Mirosław Darecki ◽  
Piotr Piotrowski ◽  
Lidia Dzierzbicka-Głowacka
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Automatic Monitoring ◽  
Ecosystem Model ◽  
Operational Mode ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Automatic Monitoring System ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Baltic

Abstract The objective of this paper is to present an automatic monitoring system for the 3D CEMBS model in the operational version. This predictive, eco hydrodynamic model is used as a tool to control the conditions and bio productivity of the Baltic sea environment and to forecast physical and ecological changes in the studied basin. Satellite-measured data assimilation is used to constrain the model and achieve higher accuracy of its results. 3D CEMBS is a version of the Community Earth System Model, adapted for the Baltic Sea. It consists of coupled ocean and ice models, working in active mode together with the ecosystem module. Atmospheric forecast from the UM model (Interdisciplinary Centre for Mathematical and Computational Modelling of the Warsaw University) are used as a forcing fields feed through atmospheric data model. In addition, river inflow of freshwater and nutrient deposition from 71 main rivers is processed by land model. At present, satellite data from AQUA MODIS, processed by the SatBałtyk project Operational System are used for the assimilation of sea surface temperature and chlorophyll a concentration. In the operational mode, 48-hour forecasts are produced at six-hour intervals, providing a wide range of hydrodynamic and biochemical parameters.

Comparison sea ice data for Baltic Sea region based on modelling simulations and remote sensing measurements. 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaromir Jakacki ◽  
Maciej Muzyka ◽  
Marta Konik ◽  
Anna Przyborska ◽  
Małgorzata Stramska
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Operational Mode ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
Atmospheric Data ◽  
The Baltic

<p>A comprehensive analysis of the results of remote measurements of the Baltic Sea ice cover has been performed. For this purpose, two modelling integrations were made. Two modelling simulations have been compared with two satellite data sets. As a modelling tool Community Ice Code (CICE) was implemented for Baltic Sea region. It was forced by two independent atmospheric data sets.  In the first simulation, the eBalticGrid system was the source of the atmospheric data, which has been operating in operational mode for almost five years. The second simulation used data from the SatBałtyk system. The satellite data differed in the method of evaluating the quality of the results - in some cases, the result was supervised by ice experts, and in the other, the quality was assessed automatically.  Comparisons with model we have performed using the daily ice concentration and ice thickness maps over the Baltic Sea. Datasets are produced by the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) and disseminated through the central dissemination unit: Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS, http://marine.copernicus.eu/services-portfolio/ access-to-products/). The analysis showed an unnatural increase in the average ice thickness obtained from satellite data at the end of the ice season, for selected regions. The possibility of water appearance on the surface of the analyzed cells was assumed as the source of the potential error, which has a significant impact on the optical properties of the surface. It was proposed to eliminate cells containing a specific surface wetting fraction. However, the results do not allow this approach to be considered correct and therefore the work needs to be continued.</p><p><br><br></p>

scholarly journals Poland and New Trends in Central European Regional Configuration

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
Maria Rusakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Central European ◽  
Eastern Partnership ◽  
Carpathian Region ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
European Regional

The article examines Warsaw's attempts to expand its influence in Central Europe by initiating various regional integration projects: cooperation with the Baltic sea countries participation in the development of the Carpathian region the newest format – the Lublin Triangle. The content of the Lublin Declaration signed on July 28, 2020 by Lithuania, Poland and Ukraine is analyzed in detail. Having been convinced by the example of Ukraine that the Eastern Partnership policy does not allow for quick results, as well as in connection with the events in Belarus, Poland decided to create a regional initiative that can be considered as a continuation of the Eastern Partnership policy. The Lublin Declaration opens up a wide range of potential areas of cooperation, however it is still too early to say how successful this project will be. Initially it was planned that Belarus would also join the Lublin Initiative, but later Minsk refused to participate. This seriously limited the project, but does not exclude the possibility of future innovations in its format. The author concludes that the Lublin Triangle is one of the Warsaw's instruments to realize the idea of Intermarium

scholarly journals Looking for an Offshore Low-Level Jet Champion among Recent Reanalyses: A Tight Race over the Baltic Sea

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3670
Author(s):  
Christoffer Hallgren ◽  
Johan Arnqvist ◽  
Stefan Ivanell ◽  
Heiner Körnich ◽  
Ville Vakkari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Resource Assessment ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Average Wind Speed ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Low Level Jets ◽  
The Baltic

With an increasing interest in offshore wind energy, focus has been directed towards large semi-enclosed basins such as the Baltic Sea as potential sites to set up wind turbines. The meteorology of this inland sea in particular is strongly affected by the surrounding land, creating mesoscale conditions that are important to take into consideration when planning for new wind farms. This paper presents a comparison between data from four state-of-the-art reanalyses (MERRA2, ERA5, UERRA, NEWA) and observations from LiDAR. The comparison is made for four sites in the Baltic Sea with wind profiles up to 300 m. The findings provide insight into the accuracy of reanalyses for wind resource assessment. In general, the reanalyses underestimate the average wind speed. The average shear is too low in NEWA, while ERA5 and UERRA predominantly overestimate the shear. MERRA2 suffers from insufficient vertical resolution, which limits its usefulness in evaluating the wind profile. It is also shown that low-level jets, a very frequent mesoscale phenomenon in the Baltic Sea during late spring, can appear in a wide range of wind speeds. The observed frequency of low-level jets is best captured by UERRA. In terms of general wind characteristics, ERA5, UERRA, and NEWA are similar, and the best choice depends on the application.

scholarly journals Chlorophyll-a Variability during Upwelling Events in the South-Eastern Baltic Sea and in the Curonian Lagoon from Satellite Observations

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 3661
Author(s):  
Toma Dabuleviciene ◽  
Diana Vaiciute ◽  
Igor E. Kozlov
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Coastal Upwelling ◽  
Curonian Lagoon ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Eastern Baltic

Based on the analysis of multispectral satellite data, this work demonstrates the influence of coastal upwelling on the variability of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration in the south-eastern Baltic (SEB) Sea and in the Curonian Lagoon. The analysis of sea surface temperature (SST) data acquired by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard Aqua/Terra satellites, together with Chl-a maps from Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) onboard Envisat, shows a significant decrease of up to 40–50% in Chl-a concentration in the upwelling zone. This results from the offshore Ekman transport of more productive surface waters, which are replaced by cold and less-productive waters from deeper layers. Due to an active interaction between the Baltic Sea and the Curonian Lagoon which are connected through the Klaipeda Strait, coastal upwelling in the SEB also influences the hydrobiological conditions of the adjacent lagoon. During upwelling inflows, SST drops by approximately 2–8 °C, while Chl-a concentration becomes 2–4 times lower than in pre-upwelling conditions. The joint analysis of remotely sensed Chl-a and SST data reveals that the upwelling-driven reduction in Chl-a concentration leads to the temporary improvement of water quality in terms of Chl-a in the coastal zone and in the hyper-eutrophic Curonian Lagoon. This study demonstrates the benefits of multi-spectral satellite data for upscaling coastal processes and monitoring the environmental status of the Baltic Sea and its largest estuarine lagoon.

An ecosystem model of the environmental transport and fate of carbon-14 in a bay of the Baltic Sea, Sweden

2003 ◽  
Vol 166 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Kumblad ◽  
Michael Gilek ◽  
Björn Næslund ◽  
Ulrik Kautsky
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Ecosystem Model ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Carbon 14 ◽  
Environmental Transport ◽  
The Baltic

scholarly journals WIND WAVE MODELLING OVER THE BALTIC SEA USING WAM MODEL AND THE COUPLED OCEAN CIRCULATION-WAVE POM MODEL

2017 ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Witold CieÅ›likiewicz ◽  
Aleksandra Dudkowska ◽  
Roman Janowczyk ◽  
Vitalij Roščinski ◽  
Szymon Roziewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Wind Wave ◽  
Operational Mode ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Development Fund ◽  
European Regional Development Fund ◽  
Innovative Economy ◽  
Model Setup ◽  
The Baltic

This study presents a setup of the wind wave forecasting model WAM working over the Baltic Sea in operational mode. The work is a part of the PROZA project financed from the Polish Innovative Economy Programme and the European Regional Development Fund. The modelling results are verified against observations recorded with a directional waverider buoy. The results of the validation studies are presented in this paper. The agreement between the modelled and observed wave data obtained was quite a good. The model setup is part of the system allowing for operational decision-making based on atmospheric and sea conditions. In the next stage of the project we are seeking for improvement of the modelling accuracy by taking into account wave-current interactions. To this end a new version of POM with embedded wave sub-model has been implemented. Based on cross-comparisons against observed waverider buoy data and the results obtained with WAM, some adjustments of the parameters controlling the coupled circulation-wave POM were applied. They are presented and discussed in this study.

scholarly journals Characterization of OMI tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub> over the Baltic Sea region

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 2021-2042 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Ialongo ◽  
J. Hakkarainen ◽  
N. Hyttinen ◽  
J.-P. Jalkanen ◽  
L. Johansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
Tropospheric No2 ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Sea Area ◽  
The City

Abstract. Satellite-based data are very important for air quality applications in the Baltic Sea area, because they provide information on air pollution over sea and there where ground-based network and aircraft measurements are not available. Both the emissions from urban sites over land and ships over sea, contribute to the tropospheric NO2 levels. The tropospheric NO2 monitoring at high latitudes using satellite data is challenging because of the reduced light hours in winter and the snow-covered surface, which make the retrieval complex, and because of the reduced signal due to low Sun. This work presents a detailed characterization of the tropospheric NO2 columns focused on part of the Baltic Sea region using the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) tropospheric NO2 standard product. Previous works have focused on larger seas and lower latitudes. The results showed that, despite the regional area of interest, it is possible to distinguish the signal from the main coastal cities and from the ships by averaging the data over a seasonal time range. The summertime NO2 emission and lifetime values (E = (1.0 ± 0.1) × 1028 molec. and τ = (3.0 ± 0.5) h, respectively) in Helsinki were estimated from the decay of the signal with distance from the city center. The method developed for megacities was successfully applied to a smaller scale source, in both size and intensity (i.e., the city of Helsinki), which is located at high latitudes (∼60° N). The same methodology could be applied to similar scale cities elsewhere, as far as they are relatively isolated from other sources. The transport by the wind plays an important role in the Baltic Sea area. The NO2 spatial distribution is mainly determined by the contribution of strong westerly winds, which dominate the wind patterns during summer. The comparison between the emissions from model calculations and OMI NO2 tropospheric columns confirmed the applicability of satellite data for ship emission monitoring. In particular, both the emission data and the OMI observations showed similar year-to-year variability, with a drop in year 2009, corresponding to the effect of the economical crisis.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulations of Sea Ice Conditions in the Baltic Sea for 2010–2016 Winters Using the 3D CEMBS Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Janecki ◽  
Artur Nowicki ◽  
Alicja Kańska ◽  
Maria Golenko ◽  
Lidia Dzierzbicka-Głowacka
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Ecosystem Model ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Current State ◽  
Ice Concentration ◽  
Ice Conditions ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Modelling Approach

Abstract Sea ice conditions in the Baltic Sea during six latest winters – 2010/2011 to 2015/2016 are analysed using coupled ice–ocean numerical model 3D CEMBS (3D Coupled Ecosystem Model of the Baltic Sea). Simulation results are compared with observations from monitoring stations, ice charts and satellite data. High correlation between model results and observations has been confirmed both in terms of spatial and temporal approach. The analysed period has a high interannual variability of ice extent, the number of ice days and ice thickness. Increasing number of relatively mild winters in the Northern Europe directly associated with climate change results in reduced ice concentration in the Baltic Sea. In this perspective, the implementation and development of the sea ice modelling approach (in addition to standard monitoring techniques) is critical to assess current state of the Baltic Sea environment and predict possible climate related changes in the ecosystem and their influence for human marine–related activities, such as fishery or transportation.

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