Interactive effects of plant growth regulators and nitrogen on corn growth and nitrogen use efficiency

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is adorned as the one of the important sources of vegetable oil, protein, vitamins and several minerals, which could mitigate the nutritional gap worldwide. However, peanut cultivation in winter suffers from low temperature stress and knowledge lacuna regarding the optimum dose nitrogen. Therefore, the present investigations were carried out during the winter seasons 2015–2016 and 2016–2017 at the district seed farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, an agricultural university in West Bengal, India (23°26’ N, 88°22´ E, elevation 12 m above mean sea level) to facilitate the comprehensive study of plant growth, productivity and profitability of an irrigated peanut crop under varied levels of nitrogen: with and without a rhizobium inoculants and with and without polythene mulch. Quality traits and nutrient dynamics were also itemized. Fertilizing with 100% of the recommended dose of nitrogen combined with rhizobium inoculant and polythene mulch significantly enhanced peanut plant growth, yield and yield-attributing traits, while resulting in the maximum fertilizer (i.e., nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) uptake by different plant parts. The greatest number of root nodules occurred in the treatment that received 75% of the recommended dose of nitrogen with rhizobium supplementation under polythene mulch, while 50% of the recommended dose of nitrogen with no rhizobium resulted in maximum fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency. Applying the full recommended dose of nitrogen with the rhizobium inoculants and mulch resulted in maximum profitability in the peanut crop.

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Rootstock x Environment Interactions on Nitrogen-Use Efficiency in Grafted Tomato Plants at Different Phenological Stages

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10030350 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 350

Author(s):

Francisco Albornoz ◽

Adriana Nario ◽

Macarena Saavedra ◽

Ximena Videla

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽

Winter Season ◽

Reproductive Stage ◽

Plant Tolerance ◽

Nitrogen Use ◽

Tomato Production ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Use Efficiency

The use of grafting techniques for horticultural crops increases plant tolerance to various abiotic and biotic stresses. Tomato production under greenhouse conditions relies on plants grafted onto vigorous rootstocks because they sustain crops for longer periods. Growers under Mediterranean conditions usually grow crops in passive greenhouses during the summer and winter season, to provide fresh products throughout the year. No information is available with regard to the effect of the environment on nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) in tomato plants grafted onto rootstocks with different vigor. In the present study, NUE, along with its components—uptake (NUpE) and utilization (NUtE) efficiencies—were evaluated in tomato plants grafted onto two interspecific rootstocks, conferring medium (“King Kong”) or high (“Kaiser”) vigor to the plants. The evaluations were carried out during the vegetative and reproductive stage in plants subjected to different environmental conditions resulting in different plant growth rates. The grafting treatments did not affect NUE, NUpE or NUtE in young plants, but at the reproductive stage, differences were found during the summer season (high N demand) where the vigorous rootstock increased NUpE from 55%, in non-grafted plants, to 94%, with the consequent differences in NUE. During the winter crop, no differences in NUE were found between the vigorous rootstock and non-grafted plants, but the less vigorous (cold-tolerant) rootstock enhanced NUpE. Significant positive relationships were found between plant growth rate and both NUE and NUpE, while NUtE decreased with increasing growth rate.

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Cotton radiation use efficiency response to plant growth regulators

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859611000803 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 150 (5) ◽

pp. 595-602 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

E. D. GONIAS ◽

D. M. OOSTERHUIS ◽

A. C. BIBI

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Growth Regulators ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Untreated Control ◽

Canopy Structure ◽

Field Studies ◽

Radiation Use Efficiency ◽

Cotton Production ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Radiation Use

SUMMARYPlant growth regulators are widely used in cotton production to improve crop management. Previous research has demonstrated changes in crop growth, dry matter (DM) partitioning and lint yield of cotton after the application of plant growth regulators. However, no reports are available demonstrating the effect of plant growth regulators on light interception and radiation use efficiency (RUE). Field studies were conducted in Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA in 2006 and 2007. RUE was estimated for the period between the pinhead square stage (PHS) of growth and 3 weeks after first flower (FF+3) from plots receiving three applications of the nitrophenolate and mepiquat chloride with Bacillus cereus plant growth regulators (Chaperone™) at 7·19 g a.i./ha and Pix Plus® at 41·94 g a.i./ha compared with an untreated control. No differences between the Chaperone treatment and the untreated control were found in the present study. However, Pix Plus significantly reduced plant height (both 2006 and 2007) and leaf area (2007 only), and altered the canopy structure of the crop as recorded by increased values of canopy extinction coefficient. Although DM accumulation was found not to be affected by plant growth regulator treatments, RUE was significantly increased after Pix Plus application, by 33·2%. RUE was increased because less light was intercepted by the Pix Plus treatment for the same biomass production, and this is probably a result of changes in photosynthetic capacity of the leaves and changes in light distribution throughout the canopy.

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The role of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria in improving nitrogen use efficiency for sustainable crop production: a focus on wheat

AIMS Microbiology ◽

10.3934/microbiol.2017.3.413 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 413-434 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Nilde Antonella Di Benedetto ◽

◽

Maria Rosaria Corbo ◽

Daniela Campaniello ◽

Mariagrazia Pia Cataldi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽

Crop Production ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽

Nitrogen Use ◽

Sustainable Crop Production ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Growth Promoting

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Interactive Effects of Plant Growth Regulators and Fungicides on Epidemics of Dollar Spot in Creeping Bentgrass

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pd-80-1245 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 80 (11) ◽

pp. 1245 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

L. L. Burpee

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Growth Regulators ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Creeping Bentgrass ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Dollar Spot

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Crop Mass and N Status as Prerequisite Covariables for Unraveling Nitrogen Use Efficiency across Genotype-by-Environment-by-Management Scenarios: A Review

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9101309 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 1309 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gilles Lemaire ◽

Ignacio Ciampitti

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽

Soil N ◽

Nitrogen Use ◽

Genotype By Environment ◽

N Supply ◽

Fertilizer Application Rate ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

N Status

Due to the asymptotic nature of the crop yield response curve to fertilizer N supply, the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE, yield per unit of fertilizer applied) of crops declines as the crop N nutrition becomes less limiting. Therefore, it is difficult to directly compare the NUE of crops according to genotype-by-environment-by-management interactions in the absence of any indication of crop N status. The determination of the nitrogen nutrition index (NNI) allows the estimation of crop N status independently of the N fertilizer application rate. Moreover, the theory of N dilution in crops indicates clearly that crop N uptake is coregulated by (i) soil N availability and (ii) plant growth rate capacity. Thus, according to genotype-by-environment-by-management interactions leading to variation in potential plant growth capacity, N demand for a given soil N supply condition would be different; consequently, the NUE of the crop would be dissimilar. We demonstrate that NUE depends on the crop potential growth rate and N status defined by the crop NNI. Thus, providing proper context to NUE changes needs to be achieved by considering comparisons with similar crop mass and NNI to avoid any misinterpretation. The latter needs to be considered not only when analyzing genotype-by-environment-by-management interactions for NUE but for other resource use efficiency inputs such as water use efficiency (colimitation N–water) under field conditions.

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