The difference in N metabolism between NAD(P)H-specific NR-deficient mutant and wild-type barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (17) ◽  
pp. 2029-2042
Author(s):  
Salwa A. Abdel-Latif ◽  
Hanan M. Abou-Zeid
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Deficient Mutant ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
N Metabolism ◽  
The Difference

scholarly journals The Hypoxic Proteome and Metabolome of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) with and without Phytoglobin Priming

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga A. Andrzejczak ◽  
Jesper F. Havelund ◽  
Wei-Qing Wang ◽  
Sergey Kovalchuk ◽  
Christina E. Hagensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Ion Transporters ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Golden Promise ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Plant Hemoglobins ◽  
Hypoxia Treatment

Overexpression of phytoglobins (formerly plant hemoglobins) increases the survival rate of plant tissues under hypoxia stress by the following two known mechanisms: (1) scavenging of nitric oxide (NO) in the phytoglobin/NO cycle and (2) mimicking ethylene priming to hypoxia when NO scavenging activates transcription factors that are regulated by levels of NO and O2 in the N-end rule pathway. To map the cellular and metabolic effects of hypoxia in barley (Hordeum vulgare L., cv. Golden Promise), with or without priming to hypoxia, we studied the proteome and metabolome of wild type (WT) and hemoglobin overexpressing (HO) plants in normoxia and after 24 h hypoxia (WT24, HO24). The WT plants were more susceptible to hypoxia than HO plants. The chlorophyll a + b content was lowered by 50% and biomass by 30% in WT24 compared to WT, while HO plants were unaffected. We observed an increase in ROS production during hypoxia treatment in WT seedlings that was not observed in HO seedlings. We identified and quantified 9694 proteins out of which 1107 changed significantly in abundance. Many proteins, such as ion transporters, Ca2+-signal transduction, and proteins related to protein degradation were downregulated in HO plants during hypoxia, but not in WT plants. Changes in the levels of histones indicates that chromatin restructuring plays a role in the priming of hypoxia. We also identified and quantified 1470 metabolites, of which the abundance of >500 changed significantly. In summary the data confirm known mechanisms of hypoxia priming by ethylene priming and N-end rule activation; however, the data also indicate the existence of other mechanisms for hypoxia priming in plants.

scholarly journals Analysis of proanthocyanidins in wild-type and mutant barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 53-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbro Jende-Strid ◽  
Birger Lindberg Møller
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L

scholarly journals Chlorophyll-proteins of thylakoids from wild-type and mutants of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otto Machold ◽  
David J. Simpson ◽  
Birger Lindberg Møller
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L

scholarly journals Identity of barley powdery mildew resistances Bw and Ru2

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 185-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dreiseitl
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Barley Cultivar ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Barley Line ◽  
Barley Powdery Mildew ◽  
The Difference

A large number of resistances to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei) and their combinations are known in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). A similarity of resistance spectra between cultivars carrying the resistance Bw, designated for the winter barley cultivar Borwina, and the near-isogenic spring barley line P15, which carries the resistance Ru2, derived from the landrace Rupee, was found. The objective of this study was to test the difference between resistances Bw and Ru2. Six cultivars were tested, four with Bw and two with Ru2. Testing with 40 isolates showed identical reaction spectra between both groups. Testing of the cultivar Kompolti 4 (Bw) and line P15 (Ru2) with 300 isolates confirmed this result. Thus, the resistances currently designated Bw and Ru2 can be regarded as identical, and are determined by the gene Ml(Ru2). Both Bw and Ru2 should be designated by the earlier code, Ru2.

REACTION OF TWO BARLEY CULTIVARS TO A PERIOD OF SOIL WATER STRESS DURING HEADING

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 701-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. WELLS ◽  
S. DUBETZ
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Heading Time ◽  
Kernel Size ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Soil Water Stress ◽  
The Difference

Two cultivars of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown at three levels of soil fertility in lysimeters protected from natural precipitation by an automatic rain shelter were subjected to two levels of soil water stress at heading time. At all levels of fertility, reductions in yield of Compana resulting from stress were proportionately smaller than those of Betzes, but the difference between cultivars was greatest when no fertilizer was applied. This differential response resulted primarily from a substantial decrease in kernel size of Betzes but a slight increase in that of Compana due to soil water stress. The number of tillers and number of kernels per spike of each cultivar were affected about equally.

Increased levels of glutathione in a catalase-deficient mutant of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

1984 ◽  
Vol 37 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.K. Smith ◽  
A.C. Kendall ◽  
A.J. Keys ◽  
J.C. Turner ◽  
P.J. Lea
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Deficient Mutant ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L

scholarly journals Effect of soil nutrients reserves and level of fertilisation on production parameters of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Škarpa
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
The Third ◽  
Production Parameters ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Different Doses

The effect of three different doses of basic fertilisers and a subsequent pre-sowing supplementary fertilisation on production parameters (yield of grain, number of spikes, and thousand grains weight) was evaluated using experimental data obtained within the framework of a one-year pot experiment with spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) established at the Department of Agrochemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno in 2003. Results of statistical analysis indicated that the yield of grain was significantly influenced by different doses of fertilisers especially on sandy soils. As compared with control, the second highest dose of fertilisers (i.e. 83 kg N, 31 kg P and 92 kg K.ha–1) increased the yield by 91.7 % and the third one (i.e. 113 kg N, 43 kg P and 125 kg K.ha–1) even by 124.8 %. This increase in the grain yield was positively affected above all by increasing doses of nitrogen fertilisers. A pre-sowing application of P, K and Mg showed also a positive effect on grain yield not only on sandy but above all on clay soils (as compared with non-fertilised control, this increase ranged from 40.6 to 50.2%). Fertilisation showed also a marked effect on the number of spikes. This factor showed a similar trend as the yield of grain. The thousand grains weight was not significantly influenced on both soil types. This value was increased (by 2.9% to 14.8%) after the application of fertilisers prior to sowing but the difference was statistically non-significant.

scholarly journals The Effect of Spike Row Type on the Grain Yield and Grain Filling Parameters in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Genotypes under Semi-arid Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Bendada ◽  
A. Guendouz ◽  
R. Benniou ◽  
N. Louahdi
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Sigmoid Curve ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cropping Seasons

Background: Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the more important cultivated crops in the Mediterranean region, where drought and high temperatures during the grain filling stage are the main abiotic stresses limiting its production. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of the spike type on the grain yield, thousand kernels weight and some grain filling parameters.Methods: The present study was conducted on the experimental site of station ITGC in Setif, Algeria, eight Barley genotypes were tested during two cropping seasons (2017/2018 and 2018/2019) in a randomized block design with 3 replications.Result: The results proved significant effect of genotypes and spike types on the grain filling parameters, but no significant effect of spike type on the thousand kernels weight during the both cropping seasons. In addition, the spike type registered significant effect just during the second cropping season. Among the genotypes with 6 rows spike type the local genotype Fouarra have high grain yield (97.79 Q/ha) with a deviation of 37.57% from the total mean of the genotypes with 6 row spike type. Many studies proved that in 6-row barleys, the magnitude of contribution of grain number in grain yield was higher than contribution of grain weight. The grain growth of genotypes studied follows a sigmoid curve, during the first season (2017-2018) the duration of grain filling ranged between 24 days for Saida 183 and 28 days for Rihane 03, for the group of genotypes with 6 rows. In addition, the duration of grain filling for the 2 row genotypes varied from 24 days for G4 to 28 days for genotype G2. During the second season (2018-2019) and for the genotypes with 6 rows, the duration of the grain filling varied from 21 days for the Saida 183 and 26 days for the genotype Fouarra, for the genotypes with 2 rows the duration of grain filling ranged from 21 days for the genotype G2 to 26 days for the genotype G3. The correlation analysis between the grain filling parameters, GY and TKW demonstrate a significant and positive correlation between TKW and MGW and GFR (r = 0.82* and r = 0.84*, respectively). Overall, the genotype variation in grain filling velocity and duration was responsible for the difference in grain yield and the improvement in grain yield was achieved by the increasing in velocity or duration of grain filling.

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