CO2 Emission and Cost Reduction by Integrating Electric Vehicles and Wind Energy Systems with Thermal Power Plants

Higher penetration of variable renewable energy sources into the grid brings down the plant load factor of thermal power plants. However, during sudden changes in load, the thermal power plants support the grid, though at higher ramping rates and with inefficient operation. Hence, further renewable additions must be backed by battery energy storage systems to limit the ramping rate of a thermal power plant and to avoid deploying diesel generators. In this paper, battery-integrated renewable energy systems that include floating solar, bifacial rooftop, and wind energy systems are evaluated for a designated smart city in India to reduce ramping support by a thermal power plant. Two variants of adaptive-local-attractor-based quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (ALA-QPSO) are applied for optimal sizing of battery-integrated and hybrid renewable energy sources to minimize the levelized cost of energy (LCoE), battery life cycle loss (LCL), and loss of power supply probability (LPSP). The obtained results are then compared with four variants of differential evolution. The results show that out of 427 MW of the energy potential, an optimal set of hybrid renewable energy sources containing 274 MW of rooftop PV, 99 MW of floating PV, and 60 MW of wind energy systems supported by 131 MWh of batteries results in an LPSP of 0.005%, an LCoE of 0.077 USD/kW, and an LCL of 0.0087. A sensitivity analysis of the results obtained through ALA-QPSO is performed to assess the impact of damage to batteries and unplanned load appreciation, and it is found that the optimal set results in more energy sustainability.

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Projected Avoided Costs of Conventional Power Plants in Libya Using Wind Energy

Solar Energy and Sustainable Development ◽

10.51646/jsesd.v1i1.31 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

W. I Abuzend ◽

W. A El-Osta ◽

M. A Ekhlat ◽

E Borass

Keyword(s):

Wind Energy ◽

Wind Power ◽

Power Plants ◽

Energy Systems ◽

Mean Value ◽

Generation System ◽

Energy Technologies ◽

Wind Power Installation ◽

The Mean ◽

Wind Energy Systems

This paper investigates the costs that can be avoided by using wind energy in the central coastal area of Libya. The investigation of the capacity credit was performed in a previous work. The analysis included Fuel saving, capacity saving and emission reduction (NO, SO2 and CO2) to the atmosphere. The avoided costs were translated into equivalent energy costs of wind energy systems. The evaluation was conducted using the reliability (LOLP) analysis and the contribution of wind system during peak demand to the utility total electricity generation system. The calculations were carried out using WASP (Wien Automatic System Planning Package) for the proposed period of 2009-2019 where wind power installation would increase from 100 MW in 2009 to 500 MW in 2019. The results showed that the avoided costs of wind energy will increase from 2.4 c/kWh in 2009 to 8.6 c/kWh in 2019. The mean value of the avoided costs of wend energy over the 10-year period is 6 c/kWh, which would make wind power economically competitive with conventional power plants in Libya. Further investigations of detailed external costs of all energy systems in the national energy mix, as well as the feed in tariff, are recommended and should be introduced to the national energy sectors in order to promote implementation of wind energy and other renewable energy technologies.

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Gone with the Wind? Electricity Market Prices and Incentives to Invest in Thermal Power Plants under Increasing Wind Energy Supply

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.1430905 ◽

2009 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Thure Traber ◽

Claudia Kemfert

Keyword(s):

Wind Energy ◽

Electricity Market ◽

Energy Supply ◽

Power Plants ◽

Thermal Power ◽

Thermal Power Plants ◽

Gone With The Wind ◽

Market Prices

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EMISSIONS OF GREENHOUSE GASES FROM UKRAINIAN THERMAL POWER PLANTS

Energy Technologies & Resource Saving ◽

10.33070/etars.4.2019.01 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 3-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

I.A. Volchyn ◽

L.S. Haponych

Keyword(s):

Greenhouse Gases ◽

Carbon Content ◽

Co2 Emission ◽

Power Plants ◽

Thermal Power ◽

Calorific Value ◽

Unburned Carbon ◽

Thermal Power Plants ◽

Organic Fuels ◽

Ch4 And N2o

In 2014, Ukraine signed and ratified the Agreement on associated with the EU. One of the requirements advanced in this Agreement lies in establishing the procedures of monitoring, reporting, and verification of the emissions of greenhouse gases (GG) from power plants. This system is based on the assemblage of procedures for estimating the GG emissions. Greenhouse gases formed at the combustion of organic fuels are CO2, CH4, and N2O. Carbon dioxide is the main GG emitted by power plants. In carrying out this work, we developed a method for the calculation of CO2 emission, formed during coal firing at thermal power plants (TPP), based on the carbon content factors with regard for the low calorific value of coal and heat loss due to unburned carbon. Using this method, we obtained the values of specific carbon content factors, CO2 emission factors and gross CO2 emissions from Ukrainian TPP during the last years. We also calculated the gross GG emissions. In 2018, the GG emissions at Ukrainian TPP were equal to 45.5 mln t of CO2-equivalent.The values of specific GG emissions per unit of supplied electric power constituted 1126 g/kW-h. This parameter reached 1186 g/kW-h for coal of grade A and L, and 1112 g/kW-h for grades G and DG. Ref. 16, Tab. 8.

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Influence of the wind energy sector on thermal power plants in the Polish energy system

Renewable Energy ◽

10.1016/j.renene.2020.07.122 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 161 ◽

pp. 928-938

Author(s):

Tomasz Simla ◽

Wojciech Stanek

Keyword(s):

Wind Energy ◽

Power Plants ◽

Thermal Power ◽

Energy System ◽

Energy Sector ◽

Thermal Power Plants

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Analysis of Carbon Saving by the Adoption of Electric Vehicles in a Region Where Electricity Generation is Dominated by Thermal Power Plants

Strategic Planning for Energy and the Environment ◽

10.13052/spee1048-4236.39146 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Parakram Pyakurel ◽

Filipe Quintal ◽

James Auger ◽

Julian Hanna

Keyword(s):

Co2 Emissions ◽

Electric Vehicles ◽

Power Plants ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Fossil Fuel ◽

Thermal Power ◽

Primary Source ◽

Electricity Production ◽

Thermal Power Plants ◽

Electrical Demand

One method of reducing atmospheric CO2 emissions in the transportation sector is the replacement of conventional fossil fuel-based vehicles with Electric Vehicles (EVs). However, fossil fuels are still the primary source of electricity production in many regions and the utilization of EVs in such regions increases the electricity demand because of battery charging. This results in increased burning of fossil fuels by thermal power plants and therefore can offset savings in CO2 emissions resulting from the adoption of EVs. In this paper, we consider a scenario where all fossil fuel-based conventional vehicles are replaced by EVs and then estimate the net CO2 emission savings resulting from the adoption of EVs in a region where electricity is primarily supplied by thermal plants. Only emissions generated during the operational phase of vehicle use are considered; emissions during the production phase are not considered. The region under consideration is Madeira, Portugal where thermal plants account for 80% of the total electricity produced. Our findings suggest that although EVs have huge potential to save CO2 emissions, a substantial amount of the savings can be offset due to the increased burning of fossil fuels by thermal plants to meet the electrical demand of charging batteries.

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